Imperial Mphungu - mphungu, zomwe zili m'gulu la Red Book. Boneyard: kufotokoza ndi zithunzi

Imperial Mphungu - anthu Eagle akhala likunena kuchepekela, ngakhale kuletsa kusaka mbalame yolusa. Chifukwa cha ntchito zaulimi zofunika gawo anthu deta zapamwamba kutha, ndi mbalame kusankhidwa kwa kuswana osati malo zatsopano ndipo nthawi zambiri zabwino pafupi mphamvu mizere mosadziteteza.

Komanso, ngakhale zoletsa, m'midzi anthu ena asanasiyebe ogwirira ntchito poizoni nyambo, limene ambiri nyama kuphedwa, kuphatikizapo manda.

Chiyambi cha dzina

Malinga ndi momwe mphungu-manda akutchedwa, tinganene kuti dzina lake analandira chifukwa chakuti azidyetsa makamaka pa zovunda, koma izo siziri. Pa chiyambi cha m'ma XIX. mu Russia anawatcha chabe mphungu. Koma pambuyo anayamba mwakhama kuphunzira dera Aral Nyanja ndi Kazakhstan steppes, pamene mbalame zimachitika kukhala pamwamba pa n'chodabwitsa, amene amadziwika ndi malo wakale manda, dzina kuwonjezera mawu akuti "manda".

Imperial mphungu, dzina lake pomasulira mwachindunji ku Latin zikutanthauza "dzuwa", monga mwa zilankhulo zina zambiri - "Imperial", m'madera ambiri, poyamba gawo la Soviet Union, komabe akuzisunga chifaniziro chake zakuda. popeza kuti mawu a "manda" anthu ambiri kugwirizana ndi maliro, koma osati ndi wonyada ndi mbalame yokongola. Ngakhale kuti zisakuyenda pali kuwonjezeka maganizo sizingawononge kwambiri ndiwo mphungu ndi wina, zambiri aesthetically zokondweretsa dzina, palibe kanthu ichi sunachitikebe.

Imperial mphungu: kufotokoza

Mosiyana ndi ziwombankhanga mchira ndi mphero woboola pakati, ndi nthenga pa izo imakonzedwa ngati fani, pa manda, iye molunjika ndi elongated, ngakhale kufanana chonse kotani pakati pa mbalame. Kutalika kwa thupi angafikire 85 masentimita ndi kulemera kwa makilogalamu 5 kuti toyesa lapansi.

Nthaka manda - mphungu yaikulu miyeso zokwanira. Kuchuluka kwa mapiko ake ndi 215 cm, koma mtengo ichi sizingafanane ndi lonse la mapiko a mphungu. Mtundu nthenga ranges ku bulauni mdima wakuda. M'dera zasheyke nthenga utoto mu woyererako udzu ndi pang'ono elongated. Anthu ena anaona pa mapewa a mawanga woyera, chokhala epaulettes.

mawu

Poyerekeza ndi wachibale wake wapafupi - lagolide mphungu, lachifumu mphungu, limene lili pansipa cithunzithunzi, phokoso kwambiri mbalame. Nthawi zambiri izo kwambiri, mawu akhakula amveka pa chiyambi cha nyengo kuswana pa mtunda wa kilometre chimodzi kwa mbalame. Nthawi kulira, zingaoneke kooneka ngati galu kukuwa ndi nthawi zina syllables 10.

Kukachitika kuti nthaka manda anapeza m'gawo lake kunja kuti ali pafupi ndi chisa, akupereka kulira chenjezo, osati powasamalira kuti, munthu amene analimba njira chisa, akhoza kwambiri kuvulaza.

chakudya

Ambiri chidwi ndi zosiyanasiyana zikuchokera chakudya, amene angafune kudya mphungu. Mbalame manda angathe zokhudza makoswe ang'ono kumunda ndi chilakolako chomwecho monga nyama zikuluzikulu. Mwa nyama mu makonda chakudya zapatsidwa kwa hamsters ndi mbewa, ndi chiwerengero cha nyama zikuluzikulu oyenera ndi zokonda zachidziwikire kuti hares ndi wamng'ono, mwana adani. Komanso, kuikidwa adya mbalame iliyonse miyeso si upambana makilogalamu 3-4.

Komabe chisa n'chodabwitsa ankakonda malo gophers. Tinganene, kumene nyama zimenezi palibe, ndi Eagles sizipanga zisa. A ochepa kwambiri a awiriawiri mphungu asankha monga nyanja okhazikika malo opezeka ku Kazakhstan ndi Western Siberia, kudya m'dera waterfowl, koma ngakhale ali ambiri kupanga chofunika amapanga agologolo pansi.

Makoswe manda zambiri limagwira pansi, ndi mbalame - akupita chabe avule. Pa tsiku munthu wamkulu ayenera magalamu osachepera 600 nyama, ndi pamaso pa anapiye mabuku tsiku kuchuluka kwambiri, kotero zapamwamba sudzakhalanso kunyozeka zovunda, amene adzatha kudziwa. The mabuku ankadya waponya kwambiri adakulabe mu kasupe, pamene chakudya chatsopano pafupifupi kumeneko. Panthawi imeneyi, makamaka overfly manda kumene akhoza wagwa pa dzinja, mitembo nyama zomwe iwo kupereka chakudya kwa masiku angapo.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mpweya Eagle mbalame si chidwi. Kusaka pansi wovulalayo m'tsogolo, akhoza kuuluka kwa maola kutalika okwanira kuti m'zigawo sanamuona kutsogolo kwa nthawi, kapena kuonera atakhala pa phiri, mu udindo wa munthu wangwiro n'chodabwitsa kuchita.

Kusintha mu mbalame wamkulu

Nthaka manda - mphungu, theka la amene sakhoza odziwika mu mtundu zikuuluka. Flight nthenga, kaya kugonana, woderapo pamwamba ndi pansi. Pankhaniyi, zochokera webs mkati anaona amaona wovulidwa imvi chitsanzo. Coverts kubwereza primaries mtundu, koma kamvekedwe awo ndi mdima kwambiri. Mchira ndi imvi wakuda nsangalabwi Sheen. The chiombankhanga ndi mlomo wa mbalame wamkulu ndi wakuda, kuti yekha limatsindika kukongola kwake, ataima pa maziko chikasu, ndi khalidwe la gawo m'kamwa ndi yoteroyo m'manda.

Anapiye okutidwa makamaka kuwala buffy nthenga zikoti kotenga. Pankhaniyi, ndege Nthenga wolemera woderapo mtundu. Mu zaka wotsatira, iwo pang'onopang'ono mdima mpaka ocher kulocha si kwathunthu kutha kwa mtundu. Change nthenga achinyamata mbalame adzakhala kangapo, ndipo kamodzi kokha ndi mtundu zizigwirizana kwathunthu ku mtundu wa mbalame wamkulu, kuikidwa imatengedwa kukonzekera amoyo paokha.

malo kukaikira mazira

Mbalame momasuka zakukwawa padziko lapansi, koma chodabwitsa ali osowa kwambiri, ndipo Tingaone kokha m'mawa, pamene kupanda updraft chindiletsa pansi m'manda kutali. Nthawi zambiri kufunika ankafika chifukwa chakuti pafupi atangochimwa chisa ili. Ndipotu manda - mphungu wakonda kwa chipululu steppe ndi steppe nkhalango mabacteria kukaikira mazira, amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa zaka zingapo.

awiri anasankhidwa ndi malo, chabe bwino chisa, anapiye womasuka. Zisa akhoza ili onse pansi, pakati pa nthambi za zitsamba kukula yaing'ono ndi mitengo. Komabe, kukaikira mazira kutalika kugwirizana ndi chiopsezo, chifukwa mbalame zonse kubweretsa nthambi yolusa latsopano ndi nsonga za mitengo Sangathe kupirira kulemera kuwonjezeka ndi akhoza kusiya.

kubalana

Zikatero, ngati banjali akukonzekera kuti akhale ndi ana, amaona chisa abwino zimatenga chake, kukula kwa amene mu nthawi ya akamaliza kwa 130-160 masentimita m'lifupi ndi 70-90 masentimita kutalika. Mu zaka wotsatira, chisa buku zingawonjezere kwambiri ndipo chinakhala pafupifupi yaikulu yomanga.

Malinga ndi malo pa oviposition chimakhala cha mochedwa March kwa oyambirira May. chisa chimodzi si oposa 3 dzira kuika zomwe zimachitika masiku angapo. dzira kukula ranges ku 53 mamilimita kwa 83 mm, motero, kaya kukaikira mazira, chipolopolo matte woyera ndi mawanga imvi kapena mdima. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ngati pali imfa ya zomangamanga pachiyambi, makolowo ndi pamalowa ndi kuiika kachiwiri mu kagawo latsopano.

makulitsidwe ndondomeko imagwiridwa, mamembala onse awiri, kuyambira ndi mazira koyamba kwa masiku 43. Pa nthawi yomweyo zikamera wa anapiye chikuchitika mu chikhalidwe chofanana, mazira anaikidwa mu zomwe. Kulera ana wakhala wamkazi ndi wamwamuna chimbalangondo mbali ya earner waukulu zofunika pamoyo banja. Padziko zaka miyezi 2-3, anapiye anayamba kusiya chisa, koma kwa nthawi yaitali koma kwa izo usiku malinga ngati alibe amauluka pa yozizira wake woyamba.

munthu wabwino chimene chimabweretsa golide mphungu?

Limalimbikitsa Animal akuitana asakhudze malo kukaikira mazira a mbalame zodya nyama, nadzalalikira anapeza kumabungwe oyenera pofuna kuteteza nyama. Popeza kuti manda - si kawirikawiri kokha, komanso zothandiza mbalame, amene kwambiri kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha makoswe ang'ono ndipo potero tsimikizirani chitetezo cha mbewu. Komanso, mphungu adya zovunda, kumene monga amadziwika, atha kutumikira ngati gwero la matenda ambiri aakulu anthu.

Nthaka manda kutchulidwa Red Book wa mayiko monga Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan ndi Azerbaijan, amene koopsa kanthu umalimbana kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha mitundu ya mbalame zodya nyama.