Mkulu maselo polyethylene: mwachidule, makhalidwe, kuchuluka

Tsiku lililonse, mu dera la zochita za anthu anayambitsanso zipangizo zatsopano analandira kudzera yokumba. Mmodzi wa awa ndi mkulu maselo kulemera polyethylene, umene uli kale ndi 50 ntchentche za m'ma otsiriza wakhala mankhwala malonda, koma ayamba kutchuka kwenikweni mpaka pano.

mafotokozedwe

Mkulu maselo kulemera polyethylene ndi imodzi mwa mitundu ya thermoplastic polymerized ethylene. Mbali Aika - yaitali kwambiri maselo unyolo. Iwo bwino ndi kupereka katundu, "offsetting" ankachita intermolecular.

maonekedwe nkhani zawo palibe osiyana mitundu ina ya mapulasitiki. Ilibe kununkhiza, kulawa, izo alibe katundu poizoni. Iye akhoza kupanga aliyense amaimba kukhazikitsa mtundu. Pa nthawi yomweyo ali ndi katundu kuti kuwasiyanitsa zaphindu pa ma polima ena.

Mkulu maselo kulemera polyethylene ndi zinthu zovuta ndi mphamvu mkulu amadza. Iye amatha kupirira ndithu waukulu voteji. Zilibe kuyamwa chinyontho, chifukwa cha zimene zilibe kucheza ndi khungu anthu ndipo zikuoneka yoterera. Komanso, ali ndi kukana mkulu kumva kuwawa (kuposa zitsulo) ndi otsika koyefishienti wa kukhululukirana.

The katundu wa mkulu maselo kulemera polyethylene

Monga tanenera kale, mbali yaikulu ya mkulu polima unyolo maselo yaitali. Komanso, iwo zochokera ku mbali imodzi. Anakonza zayamba ikufanana ndi mzake. Ikufotokoza mphamvu ya chuma.

Ngakhale kuti mkulu maselo kulemera polyethylene ndipamene unyolo yaitali, kugwirizana mamolekyulu munthu ndi ofooka. chiwerengerochi n'chozama kupitirira ya moto wambiri osachepera cholimba zakuthupi. Mbali imeneyi imapangitsa polima si kutenthetsa kugonjetsedwa - izo chimasungunula pa kutentha 144 madigiri Celsius.

Mu polyethylene izi zikuchokera anafunsa esters, amines kapena magulu hydroxyl amene amapanga zinthu atengeke mapangidwe mankhwala yogwira ndi woopsa. Chifukwa cha mankhwala si nkhani madzi, chinyezi, wothandizila aukali, tizilombo ndi kunyezimira ultraviolet.

Njira yaikulu ya processing

Amafuna kuti ayenera kukhala apamwamba maselo polyethylene, GOST 16338-85 lili. Malinga ndi iwo, kaphatikizidwe wa nkhaniyo ikuchitika pa chikoka cha metallocene catalysts monomer - ethylene. Kwa kupanga mankhwala mwachindunji zotsatirazi mitundu ikuluikulu ya mankhwala ntchito:

1. Gel osakaniza-kupota. Zipangizo ali osokonezeka ndi zosungunulira ndi. Unyinji chifukwa ndi mbamuikha kudzera mipata m'madzi. Ophunzira filament m'moto ng'anjo ndi munthawi yomweyo kukoka ndi kuchotsa zosungunulira.
2. Hot kukanikiza ndi sintering. The ufa misa ali wothinikizidwa gulu lalikulu, potero kupeza chuma homogeneous. Ndiye kutentha mankhwala - sintering pa kutentha madigiri 150-200.
3. Ram extrusion. The zopangira isungunuke ndi homogeneous misa mphira ngati kenako extruded mwa nozzles wapadera.

Ambiri gel osakaniza-kupota. Inde, m'njira imeneyi analandira mkulu maselo kulemera polyethylene ulusi ndi mphamvu yapamwamba.

Ntchito makampani asilikali

ulusi ntchito yopanga mkulu maselo kulemera polima amene chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chilengedwe cha zinthu zodzitetezera, mu thupi makamaka zida. Zikomo katundu izi filaments monga kulemera zochepa ndi mkulu akuoneka zokolola nkhawa (chiŵerengero cha akalozera izi nthawi 7-8 kuposa wa zitsulo) zida analandira kuwala ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi zipolopolo, shrapnel ndi zinthu zina n'koopsa.

Thupi zida zopangidwa mapepala akamagwira kukhotera Ulusi kwa nthawi kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa cha luso ngati kuoneka nsalu multiaxial - wapadera wa webs kunyezimira kuti kupirira mavuto kwina kulikonse. Pofuna kuteteza thunthu ndi malekezero mkulu maselo kulemera polyethylene. Katundu multiaxial nsalu angatetezere ndi magalimoto oti muli nazo zida, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito CHIKWANGWANI kulenga kagawo kugonjetsedwa magolovesi.

Ntchito mankhwala

Mu mankhwala, mkulu maselo kulemera polyethylene ntchito makamaka kwa chilengedwe cha amadzala kwa m'chiuno ndi msana wa bondo. Kwa nthawi yoyamba dzinali lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi cholinga choncho akutali 1962. Ndipo kuyambira pamenepo ndinayamba yakulamulira.

Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kusinthidwa zakuthupi - reticulated kapena mtanda zogwirizana polima. Iwo akamagwira mkulu maselo kulemera polyethylene ulusi obstrelivaniya cheza Popanga madzi a gamma kapena ma elekitironi, amene crosslinked ndi yarns mzake. Kenako, pansi pa chikoka ikukhudzana omwe amachepetsa mphamvu yake makutidwe ndi okosijeni-kuchepetsa.

Yapamwamba zochokera zinthuzi yaiwisi ntchito suturing. Mtsogoleri kupanga mankhwala amenewa ndi kampani DSM, amene amapereka thonje msika sutures mankhwala otchedwa Dyneema Oyera.

Ntchito pakampani

Ambiri ntchito makampani apeza mkulu maselo polyethylene pepala, omwe umaperekedwa kwa kupanga msika slab makulidwe a masentimita 2. Pamaziko a chopangidwa pulasitiki zenera yapamwamba kalasi, PVC-gulu kasinthidwe ndi mkulu PVC mbiri.

Mu luso lopanga kwa kupanga wosindikiza mphete, mayendedwe, chilengedwe mbali, ntchito mu mafuta hayidiroliki kapena sing'anga, ndi kachitidwe pneumatic ndi kuthamanga opaleshoni, ambiri amangoti ntchito yapamwamba-maselo polyethylene 1000 - mmodzi wa polima mitundu chachikulu.