Harpoon - wakalewu kusaka chida. Kumangidwa kwa harpoon ndi kusanduka ake

Ambiri a m'nthawi yathu amakhulupirira kuti harpoon - chinachake monga nthungo nsomba. Nthawi zambiri izo kusokonezedwa ndi mkondo. Zimenezi n'zomveka: chifukwa kusaka kapena kusodza "kusangalala" mkondo tingachipeze powerenga pafupifupi konse ntchito, koma anthu ameneŵa wa North, amene amakhala zamanja chikhalidwe, chida ichi akadali ulemu. "Kutukuka" Azungu ndi America tsopano ntchito harpoon mfuti, ndipo ali wamng'ono kuchita ndi chida akale: uyu si chida zovuta zaka zambiri linakhalapo, izo lasintha kwambiri. kutchuka Special anali, ndithudi, whaling harpoon anafotokoza Germanom Melvillom, koma panali zina, osiyana mu kapangidwe ndi cholinga. Tidzayensa kuunikila kufanana awo.

Tanthauzo la "harpoon"

The mabuku a otanthauzira amavomereza kuti mawu (harpoen) alitcha chikuoneka kwa whalers Dutch, amene m'nthawi ya 17 analibe ofanana. mawu akuchokera ku harpo Chakumapeto ( «mbedza"). Komabe, pali umboni loti linauka ngakhale kale - pa Basques, anthu okhala pa gawo la makono Spain. Kumasulira kwa Chibasiki "harpoon" chinenero - ndi "mwala chilumba". Ku Russia harpoon otchedwa kumwa mwauchidakwa kapena singano.

Design. Harpoon ndi gaff

The chipangizo losavuta ku harpoon kuti nsomba. Izi harpoon - ndi losongoka mkondo. Mu zina, ali ndi mphete kwa ubwenzi bwato. Harpoon limatchedwa mkondo (ndi mosinthanitsa), koma kwenikweni ndende - ndi pagona kuzitsatira. Iwo ali mano angapo yaitali ndipo sananenedwe kwa kuponya. Hunter likugunda izo nsomba popanda kusasunga manja a m'dzenjewo. Mkondo kwa kusaka nyama za m'madzi (zisindikizo, walruses) ndi zida chida chomwe ndi kutsinde (zambiri mitengo), nsonga (kungakhale fupa, mwala, chitsulo) ndi kulumikiza iwo chingwe. Mu zikhalidwe za umphawi zipangizo ndi zipangizo kuti mlenje ndi zovuta kupanga harpoon amenewa. Photo zimasonyeza poyera zomwe dongosolo zovuta akhoza kukhala chipangizo ichi.

Nsonga kawirikawiri mosabisa ndi losongoka, ndi anaikapo mu kutsinde, koma chikugwirizana ndi kumasula. Pambuyo Hunter anapanga mayina, kutsinde ndi wosiyana nsonga analowa m'thupi la munthu wovulalayo. Izo Sizotheka kuti aphe nyama ndi kuwombera wina. Anavulazidwa nyama atayesa kuthawa, chingwe ndi tensioned, ndi kutsinde kuti amayandama pamwamba madzi, msaki zikusonyeza malangizo a gulu ake. Lichotse molimba mu thupi la munthu wovulalayo sangathe nsonga: izi kupewedwa ndi mano pambali.

Harpoon mu maiko osiyanasiyana

Harpoon - ndi mfuti lonse. Anthu aphunzira kudula iwo mmbuyo mu Paleolithic Age (Early Stone Age). Adasanduka mafupa (northerners - walrus ndi yaikuluyi) ndi nyanga, mphalapala zambiri. Harpoon nsonga wakale Eskimos, Aleuts Chukchas ndi Koryaks yopangidwa kuchokera ku mwala, mkuwa, mkuwa mbadwa ndi chitsulo. Komabe, anthu a Alaska sanali onyozeka ndi harpoons lonse matabwa. Ena mafuko African ntchito harpoon (ndi nsonga zachitsulo) kwa mvuu kusaka. Pa Andamans iwo kupha nguluwe. M'mapanga a ku Ulaya (pa mtunda wautali panyanja) anapeza nsonga fupa ku harpoons chipangizo, zomwe ankagwiritsa ntchito, zikuoneka kuti akakole chinsomba ndi kusaka nkhalango (osati madzi!) Nyama. Bone nsonga Neolithic zimapezeka Russia. Ndi harpoons ankasakidwa onse m'chilimwe ndiponso m'nyengo yozizira, ndi maboti mu madzi lotseguka, kapena madzi basi. Kuyambira kale, harpoons ntchito ndi Indonesia kuti whaling, anamgumiwa ndi nsombazo. zinalengedwera sanali kupereka kwa kulekana kwa nsonga, ndi harpoon ankakonda kwa nthawi yaitali Lin. Tikumbukenso kuti Indonesia musataye ndi harpoon pa nsomba ndi yakuti kutsinde manja ake, kulumpha pa nsana wake ndi andibaye mwachizolowezi mkondo.

Harpoon - wakale chida whaler

Mafomu harpoons anali yosiyanasiyana. Classic European ndi American whaling chida ali ndi chitsulo mzati ndi yotakata lalifupi tsamba. Nthawi zambiri, harpoons awa, matabwa chogwirira, umene amagwira bwato yaitali chingwe. M'zaka za m'ma 19 (ndi kale) chinsomba anathamangitsa pa ngalawa yaing'ono tinakwera (opha anangumi). Njira kwa mtunda wa mamita 6, harpooner anaponya mikono yawo mu China (kawirikawiri - awiri). Pa mpukutu wa nsonga si wosiyana m'dzenjewo. Lin womangidwa kwa harpoon ndi, mofulumira unwind, ndi chinsomba anakokera pa liwiro bwato pamwamba pa mafunde mpaka wotopa ndekha. Ndiye chinsomba anaphedwa, koma osati harpoon ndi mkondo, ndipo kodi si harpooner ndi mkulu opha anangumi. Komabe, Harpoon wabwino kum'lemekeza kwambiri.

alenje kumpoto akadali inadza zinsomba mu thupi zimene zili zopotoka mfuti za m'ma 19. Zotsatirazi zikusonyeza wina harpoon amenewa. Photos, momwemonso kumva, umboni kuti nsomba anali oposa mdani woopsa.

Norwegians kuti lilipo lamulo lomwe munthu, banja, sanathe kukhala harpooner.

zida Evolution

Mu theka lachiwiri la 19 m'ma whaler harpoon anasintha harpoon mfuti, anatulukira ndi injiniya Norway Foynom. Iye anatenga whaling abwino ndi zambiri unsightly. Wamba harpoon zinakafika mu speargun. Koma zipangizozi atasunga zinthu zazikulu ndi "kholo": nsonga zakuthwa mano, motsogoleredwa chammbuyo, ndi chingwe kuti salola mlenje kuphonya nyamazo.

Zamakolo Anthu a North kupitiriza ntchito zida chomwecho monga makolo awo. Harpoon - ndi mosalekeza nsomba chida. Ngakhale kuti anthu a Alaska ndi Chukotka anakhala mfuti zilipo, iwo Sapita kusiya kutsimikiziridwa ndi zaka za njira kusaka njira.