Gulu la welds ndi zimfundo

Mphamvu ndi ntchito zimadalira kupezeka kwa chida chuma ndi luso. Kuti tikwanitse ntchito iliyonse, ziribe kanthu zomwe malangizo iye, kwambiri umakhudza komanso chidziwitso cha chiphunzitso. Kuwotcherera ntchito ndi ankaona anthu ambiri.

Mtundu wa ntchito n'kofunika chuma, zipangizo, zinachitikira ndi chidziwitso ongolankhula. Popeza katswiri zofunika, munthu afika chithunzithunzi cha mmene msoko omwe pali gulu la welds ndi mmene kusankha njira yabwino lumikiza wa mankhwala osiyanasiyana zitsulo.

Kodi china chotulutsa?

Pa njira kuwotcherera kumafuna atatu zitsulo gawo: cholukanalukana ndi wachitatu, amene amachita ngati elekitirodi amakondanso zidutswa ziwiri za chitsulo. Pamphambano ya wina ndi mnzake mbali zachitsulo amapezeka ndondomeko ikukhudzana kupanga msoko. Choncho, msoko - ndi mbali ya kapangidwe zitsulo, chifukwa kukhudzana ndi chitsulo zinaphatikizidwa ndi Unalimbitsa.

Kulumikizana ndi kuwotcherera kungakhale zitsulo aliyense. Iwo dongosolo anthuwo, chimene anasankha makamaka mtundu wa yolusa. Gulu la welds anapanga, malingana ndi mtundu lumikiza, chuma, ndi magawo ena. Pakuti aliyense pawiri amakhazikitsa malamulo omwe ndi dongosolo awo kuphedwa.

miyeso

Pali gulu la welds m'litali. Malinga ndi kukula, ndi welds ndi:

• Short. Kukula si upambana 30 cm. Msoko zoterezi chifukwa cha kuwotcherera, anachita mbali imodzi kuchokera pachiyambi mpaka kumapeto.
• Avereji. msoko kutalika - 30 cm 1 mita. seams awa welded kuchokera mkati kunja. Kwa iwo, njira yabwino kumbuyo tsatane. Kwenikweni ake kwagona kuti msoko lonse lagawidwa m'magawo angapo, womwe ndi kukonzedwa ndi kuwotcherera. Aliyense wa zigawo izi ziyenera kutalika masentimita 10 mpaka 30.
• Long (kuposa wina mita). Welded komanso mfundo sing'anga-kakulidwe, ndi kusiyana kokha kukhala kuti chiwerengero cha ziwembu kudzakhala.

Mitundu ya welds

Gulu la welds ikuchitika mwa ogwiritsa mtundu. Pali mitundu inayi polumikizana:

• mbuyo;
• T-bala;
• chilolo;
• okhota.

Mtundu ambiri

Pa mbuyo lumikiza akutengedwa nkhani makulidwe a mankhwala. Zimenezi zimathandiza kusunga mbali ina ya nkhaniyo.

Mbuyo nsinga imatengedwa wotchuka kwambiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti ndondomeko kuwotcherera - ndi yachangu ndi ambiri ndalama.

T-kuwotcherera. Features ndi ayamikira

Mtundu wa zowalamulira khalidwe nkhani T-mawonekedwe kujowina zitsulo. Monga chinkhoswe mbuyo, chidwi linaperekedwa kwa makulidwe a zitsulo, malingana ndi zomwe zimfundo ndi umodzi amaganiza ndi iwiri amaganiza.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa zowalamulira, muyenera kutsatira malangizo otsatirawa:

• Kuchita kuwotcherera pa poponya lumikiza mankhwala awiri ndi thicknesses osiyana, m'pofunika kuwotcherera muuni poyerekezera ndi mankhwala thicker kusunga makona a madigiri 60.
• Kuwotcherera ntchito mosavuta ngati inu ikani yomanga "mu ngalawa." malo amenewa a workpiece ndi adzachotsa zimasokoneza, anasowa undercooked m'madera kuti mtundu wa zowalamulira ndi zilema ambiri.
• Ngati munthu chikudutsa kuwotcherera muuni adzakhala sizithandiza, kuyambira mbali zosalongosoka zikhale, iwo ayenera wiritsani kuchita kuwotcherera elekitirodi oscillation.
• The T-zimfundo ndi akhoza akunjate kuwotcherera amaganiza. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo kuwotcherera Oineo Tronic Kugunda, amene amalola RW-Brew.

alipo kuwotcherera

Mfundo a mtundu umenewu kugwirizana tichipeza mu kuwotcherera amgwirizano Nkhani amene makulidwe si oposa 1 cm. Kuwotcherera Izi ntchito n'kofunika kutero kuletsa madzi kulowa kusiyana mbale ya chitsulo. msoko The aumbike mwa awiri ntchito imeneyi. Mtundu wa mfundo welded imatengedwa yaitali ndipo si ndalama, kuyambira ntchito pamafunika zipangizo zambiri.

okhota nsinga

Mtundu wa kuwotcherera ntchito kujowina nkhani zitsulo angathe perpendicular kwa wina ndi mzake. Malinga ndi makulidwe a chinsalu ngodya kuwotcherera amakhala ndi kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa m'mbali chamfered. Ngati pangafunike kutero, mtundu kugwirizana wopangidwa ndi mkati mwa mankhwala.

welds fomu

Gawo welds pamwamba akunja imalongosola mitundu itatu:

• Mosabisa. Mogwira zazikulu ndi alternating katundu, chifukwa seams izi (monga concave) palibe ndende ya nkhawa zomwe zingachititse kusintha mwadzidzidzi ndi kuononga chotheratu kuwotcherera.
• Concave. Lasankha kololeka china chotulutsa concavity, osati choposa 0,3 cm. Apo ayi concavity china chotulutsa imatengedwa zimabwezera imatengedwa ngati chilema. Anayeza mlingo wa concavity m'dera limene pali kuchimwa kwambiri.
• Oumbidwa matabwa. Uka kwa kudzikundikira wambirimbiri zitsulo solidified ndi amaonedwa uneconomic. Koma pa nthawi yomweyo, china chotulutsa olowa, kupereka otukukira kunja msoko ogwira malo amodzi katundu kuposa pawiri ndi lathyathyathya kapena concave china chotulutsa. convexity anasonyeza - mtunda kuchokera pamwamba pa zitsulo kholo chimbuzi cha protrusion lapansi. Standard ankaona protuberances osati choposa masentimita 0.2, kupangidwa mu maudindo ena a kuwotcherera m'munsi ndi osapitirira 0,3 masentimita kuwotcherera.

Gulu la welds pa malo danga

Malinga ndi muyezo malo danga pali mitundu inayi zimfundo, omwe ali ndi makhalidwe komanso malangizo kuwotcherera:

• M'munsi matabwa. Mu mbali luso ndi zophweka kwambiri. Kuwotcherera wa matabwa m'munsi pa tsiku lathyathyathya pamwamba pamalo pansi. Zimenezi amakhala ndi zokolola mkulu ndi khalidwe. Ichi ndi chifukwa zinthu zabwino kwambiri kwa wowotcherera lapansi. Zitsulo Rasplavlivaemy ake kulemera imatsogoleredwa horizontally oyenerera welded kusamba. Pa kuphika seams m'munsi kosavuta. Ntchito ikuchitika mofulumira.
• Yopingasa mafupa. Welded pang'ono kwambiri. vuto ndi zitsulo chimasungunula mchikakamizo cha kulemera ake amakhala dzanzi m'mphepete m'munsi. Izi zikhoza zikuphatikizapo zimasokoneza m'chigawo cha m'mphepete chapamwamba.
• Ofukula mafupa. Mankhwala ndizo zotsatira za mankhwala zitsulo anakonza mu ndege choimirira.
• Denga molumikiza. kuwotcherera izi imatengedwa ovuta kwambiri ndi udindo. Yodziwika ndi osachepera chitonthozo. Pa njira kuwotcherera utrudnyaetsya slags kusankha ndiponso gasi. Ndi bizinesi kupirira si aliyense zambiri, choncho kodi muzidzagwa pa nkhope ya slag ndi zovuta patsogolo. Nkofunika kusunga khalidwe ndi mphamvu ya kugwirizana.

Monga amaimira ndi welds ndi kugwirizana?

Gawo ndi zoti welds pogwiritsa ntchito zithunzi wapadera, mizere ndi callouts. Iwo anayikidwa pa chojambula msonkhano ndi kapangidwe lokha. Gulu la welds ndi mfundo imaonekera, malinga ndi chikalata muyezo, ndi mizere wapadera, zomwe mwina mosalekeza kapena wosweka. Wopitiriza anasankha welds looneka ndi kumugwetsera - wosaoneka.

Zizindikiro china chotulutsa anaika pa alumali wa mtsogoleri (ngati msoko ndi ili mbali yakutsogolo). Kapena M'malo mwake, pansi alumali, ngati msoko ndi lili pa kumbuyo. Mothandizidwa ndi chizindikiro limasonyeza gulu la welds, intermittence awo, malawi kwa zigawo kuwotcherera.

Close zithunzi zazikulu ndi zina. Iwo ali nkhaniyo:

• pochoka kulimbikitsa china chotulutsa;
• mankhwala pamwamba pa kusintha osalala zitsulo m'munsi ndi kuteteza sagging ndi unevenness;
• mzere pa lomwe msoko (kaya chatsekedwa).

Pakuti nyumba zofanana ndi mbali ya alendo, pali muyezo kalembedwe ndi zofuna luso. Ngati pali ofanana mu mafupa a zomangamanga, ndiye ndi bwino kupereka manambala siriyo ndi m'magulu zimene zili kwa mayiko manambala anapatsidwa. Zonse zomwe chiwerengero cha magulu ndi mfundo ayenera zafotokozeredwa chikalata normative.

malo olowa

Gawo china chotulutsa msoko zachokera malo. Ali:

• Unilateral. Kodi popangidwa ndi mapepala kuwotcherera, kakakulu zomwe si upambana 0.4 cm.
• Kawiri amaganiza. Izo zimachitika ngati awiri amaganiza kuwotcherera mapepala zitsulo za makulidwe masentimita 0,8. Pakuti aliyense pawiri Ndi bwino kusiya mipata 2-millimeter, kupereka guluu wolimba khalidwe.

zolakwika zotheka

Zopindika pa kuwotcherera kumachitika chifukwa mopambanitsa panopa ndi voteji pa Arc lapansi. Zingakhalenso chifukwa cha mpheto molakwika maelekitirodi lapansi. Gulu la zopindika welds malinga ndi malo awo:

• Internal. Pakuti njira zawo kudziwika ntchito, ndi kulamulira: kapangidwe osati zowononga kuwononga kwathunthu kapena pang'ono.
• Kunja. Iwo mosavuta wapezeka ndi Kupenda kunja.

Chifukwa chophwanya zinthu kuwotcherera chifukwa chosadziwa za ukatswiri, kusowa kwa ntchito kukonzekera zikuchitidwa ndi miyezo cholakwika, kupunduka anawagawa:

• Kupanda maphatikizidwe. Zikuoneka pakalibe m'dera la maphatikizidwe pakati zinthu anagwirizana. Zotsatira chilema kuchuluka nkhawa ndende ndi kuchepetsa a chigawo msoko. Kamangidwe chilema amakhala ndi mphamvu otsika ndiponso kudalirika. kusowa maphatikizidwe chifukwa kungakhale kupanda panopa, ndi kuwotcherera mu mode kudya.
• Undercut. Chilemacho mu kuchepetsa m'dera la makulidwe a zitsulo m'munsi. Vuto limeneli limapezeka pafupi ndi malire a welds.
• Kuwotcha kudutsa. Molakwika ndi wa cavities fomu china chotulutsa lapansi. Kumachitika chifukwa kutayikira wa osungunula zitsulo kusamba kuwotcherera. Kuwotcha kupyolera - izi ndi zosavomerezeka chilema, ayenera mwachangu tikonze.
• Nezavarenny Chigwa kapena maganizo. Kumachitika chifukwa Arc akuswa pa njira ku mapeto a msoko lapansi.
• The kuchuluka. Chilema zikusonyezedwa wicking wa zitsulo china chotulutsa pa zitsulo m'munsi popanda maphatikizidwe.

Zimayambitsa vuto akhoza kukhala osiyana kwambiri, koma iwo Amachitanso angathe kuchepetsa guluu wolimba mphamvu, zodalirika ntchito molondola ndi kuwononga maonekedwe a mankhwala.