Assembler - malamulo otsika mlingo kwa mapulogalamu novice

malamulo onse akhoza kuphedwa yekha ndi chinenero makina. Assembler akulamula - chizindikiro wophiphiritsa wa chinenero. Atatero, kulemba kakang'ono, koma kudya pulogalamu. Koma ngakhale kukula wawo, kulemba ndondomeko ndi nthawi kudya. Choncho, khamu malangizo ntchito kwa chigawo hardware, kapena pamene pulogalamu n'zofunika kukumbukira sikokwanira. Choncho, malamulo assembler ndi inakhazikitsa mu mawonekedwe a mapulogalamu boma ndi Integrated ndi malamulo waudindo wake. Popeza assembler akhoza kusiyana kwambiri malingana ndi mtundu wa zomangamanga, muyenera kuganizira kwa nkhani zosiyanasiyana, m'nkhani ino ndi zomangamanga Win. Koma za malangizo msonkhano, monga ulamuliro, sasintha kwambiri, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito microcontrollers, ndi zipangizo zina kuti ntchito assembler.

malamulo masamu ntchito mu msonkhano

Ngakhale chododometsa izi, monga lonse, 4 masamu assembler malangizo ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mapulogalamu. Komabe, zinalengedwa ndi zinenero mapulogalamu waudindo, amene ntchito kompyuta, zipangizo kunyumba, matelefoni, mafoni anzeru, Malaputopu ndi zina zotero. D. Kugwira nawo n'kotheka, ndipo ndithu bwinobwino. malamulo assembler mndandanda uli motere:

• Kuwonjezera;
• wochotsera;
• chulutsa;
• magawano.

Kuwonjezera

Masamu opareshoni, kuyambira ku sekondale. Kugwiritsa ntchito mbali muyenera kuganizira yekha Kuwonjezera, amene amagwirizana ndi chifaniziro cha manambala kungomanga mu chikumbukiro kompyuta. A view ambiri ntchito ndi izi:

The kuwonjezera

Gulu amatenga nambala ya maselo, ananenanso iwo pamodzi ndi analemba "Yacheyku1". Tsopano machitidwe a zinthu Ndime: chiwerengero onse a maselo ayenera chigamulocho chomwecho. Komanso, ngati pali m'kaundula koyamba, ndiye inu mukhoza kuwonjezera pa zonsezi. Ngati pali selo loyamba, ndiye n'zotheka kuwonjezera kapena operand yomweyo kapena m'kaundula.

Kufotokozera za malangizo msonkhano ndi kukhazikitsa awo amafuna njira mabuku oposa angapereke nkhani ina. Magulu msonkhano, ngakhale kuchuluka kwawo achisoni, kwalembedwa mabuku ambiri moti ndi masamba oposa zana. Choncho, ngakhale omasuka akuoneka, tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge zambiri pofotokoza ntchito ya gulu, umene tiyeni mukudziwa mokoma zonse mapangidwe osiyana.

wochotsera

Opaleshoni imeneyi imagwiridwa ndi aligorivimu chimodzimodzi ndi yemwe m'mbuyomu. Ngakhale magulu monga mtundu mbiri:

The Sub

Mfundo mawerengedwe chiri motere: kuchotsera kwa №1 №2, ndi overwrites ndi №1. Terms kudutsa ntchito ndi amodzi ndi zikhalidwe za ntchito Kuwonjezera.

chulutsa

Ngati gulu ndi Kuwonjezera ntchito gulu mofanana unsigned ndi manambala anasaina, ndiye chulutsa ndi kugawikana pali ma aligorivimu zosiyanasiyana iwo. Mwachitsanzo, kuchulukitsa chiwerengero unsigned ntchito lamulo ili:

MUL

Kutchulidwa operand lamulo ndi imodzi mwa zinthu. Malo wachiwiri Chinthu ndi malo chifukwa ntchito ndi anakonza pasadakhale, malinga ndi kukula mu mabayiti MUL. malo - mutu ndi nkhani ina. Pakuti anasaina chulutsa ntchito lamulo:

IMUL

Mungathe kukumana embodiments zina, koma si zomveka ndi bwino. Anasonyeza zinthu ziwiri, ndi chifukwa aikidwa mu operand №1. Pankhaniyi, ndi operand kulembetsa №1 kwenikweni mutuluka ndi operand №2 - m'kaundula kapena kukumbukira selo. Koma zina zimene mungachite komanso ayankhidwa:

IMUL

IMUL > ,

IMUL ,

Njira yoyamba ndi ofanana MUL pa chipangizo, kotero malamulo kwa iwo akhoza zimachitika pano. Yachiwiri amalola kuti angachite mwachindunji malo - chifukwa ndi chinthu. Mu chimake chachitatu n'chakuti m'kaundula kuti adzakhala chinthu choyamba, ndi mmene chifukwa cha chulutsa aikidwa. Mu operand msanga sanalenge anthu kuti mwatchutchutchu m'kaundula makamaka ndi nambala imene kuchulukitsa operand.

Chigawo

Monga tanena ntchito kugawanitsa magulu awiri. Pakuti manambala unsigned ntchito:

DIV

Pakuti manambala walemba ntchito lamulo lotsatirali:

IDIV

Ntchito mbali magawano malangizo ndi okhawo operand wogawira, yomwe imateteza m'kaundula kapena kukumbukira selo. Gawani nambala zonse ali malo kotsimikizika, potsata chiwerengero cha kukula. Iwo ali ndi malo ake ndi zotsatira ntchito.

Fufuzani ndi tanthauzo la malo akhoza kunena chimodzimodzi monga chulutsa kuti: amafuna nkhani zosiyana, monga kuchuluka kwa mfundo n'chachikulu.

zothandiza mapeto

Komanso wachinsinsi monga "malangizo msonkhano ndi zothandiza" ndi pazikhalanso lamulo NEG . Iye amaika chizindikiro angapo omwe ali operand lapansi. Ndicho chiyembekezo nkhani chatithandizira kumvetsa masamu akulamula assembler.

Ndipo imathandiza ntchito incrementing ndi decrementing (kuwonjezeka kapena mwayamba kufooka operand wagawo). Kuti increment operand m'pofunika mankhwala lamulo lotsatirali:

Inc

Kuti decrement ayenera mankhwala:

Dis

Monga angachichite operand kukumbukira malo kapena kulembetsa. Mwakathithi phindu la ntchito awa ndi omwe iwo okha malo zosakwana malangizo msonkhano ofanana anapereka Kuwonjezera kapena wochotsera.