Gestapo - ndi mu bungwe? Cholinga cha apolisi ya ulamuliro wa Hitler

Nazi Germany, ngati dziko lina lililonse, ndinali ndi misonkhano yake nzeru, chinkhoswe mu kufufuza, counterintelligence, kutsatira mlingo wa kudalirika kwa anthu, kuwulula zinthu zoukira boma. Malingaliro Nazi ya ulamuliro wa ntchito izi adaonjezeredwa ndi ena m'mbuyomu zachilendo. Kotero, kunali kofunika kupeza atsogoleri ndi mamembala a magulu osagwirizana ndi mabungwe mobisa osati kokha, komanso kuyang'ana kubisala Ayuda, Majipise ndi amuna. Popeza 1933, boma chitetezo curated dongosolo wapadera - ndi Gestapo. Izi wagawo ndi chofunika maphunziro apadera, ndipo njira yeniyeni.

Chiyambi cha utumiki wa kufufuza andale

utumiki dzina chinangokhalapo mwangozi. Long dzina German «Geheime Staatspolizei» ( «Chinsinsi State Police") yafupika antchito positi ofesi kwa mayiko. M'chaka cha 1933, patangopita nthawi yochepa kubwera kwa National Socialist Antchito 'Party mphamvu mu Prussia pa njira imene Germana Geringa Division 1a iwo unalengedwa. Zolinga za chipani limba kuyang'anira ntchito chinsinsi adani ndale, imene dziko pa nthawi imeneyo kunali anthu ambiri. Mkulu atangokhala R. Diss. Genrih Gimmler nthawi kuti kutsogozedwa ndi Unduna wa za M'dziko wa Bavaria ndipo analibe poyerekezera ndi tsogolo la Gestapo. Izi sanaletse Reichsfuhrer SS pang'onopang'ono anaikira mu manja awo matupi a kufufuza ndale. udindo Goering mu Nazi mabungwe yazamalamulo mwa chaka anakhala pa-kudya mafunso kwambiri wa German Air Force. Iye anapereka pa zingwe za Board Heydrich, mkulu wa utumiki Sd. Pa nthawi yonse mayunitsi ndi anthuwo anayamba mu madera a Germany, kubwera pansi pa ulamuliro centralized wa Berlin.

mabuku a mbiri yakale

Popeza 1936, apolisi German ndi ntchito zina amachititsa chitetezo cha Ulamuliro wa Nazi, kusamukira kugonjera Genriha Gimmlera. magulu chigawenga ndi ndale kuti apange dongosolo limodzi. Nthambi chachiwiri, lotsogoledwa ndi Genrih Myuller, ndi chinkhoswe kuvumbula adani a boma, lomwe tsopano ndi mbali ya wotsika mitundu nzika, amuna, mitundu odana ndi anzawo ndipo ngakhale kwambiri wamba aulesi kukhala ntchito kukonzanso maphunziro. nyumba imeneyi anali anakhalabe mpaka 1939, mpaka atangosiyana nkhondo inkayamba, panali palibe lingaliro pa mapangidwe a RSHA (Ulamuliro wa Nazi Security Main Office). Gulu lake chachinayi monga anakhala Gestapo. mugawo ili anatsogolera Mueller chomwecho. Mbiri ya gulu inatha mu 1945. Chief ya intelligence German anali kufunafuna asilikali mayiko wachigonjetso, koma sanapezeke. Malinga ndi Baibulo boma, anafa pa itachita wa Berlin ndi Soviet Army.

Olakwika ponena za maonekedwe

Ndipo mu Soviet ndi achilendo zithunzi mafilimu a kanema wa Nazi-Gestapo wamba. Iwo zimakhala mu mawonekedwe a humanoids nyama ngati atavala yunifolomu wakuda ndi manja anapinda, ndi sadists chipangizo, zida opaleshoni wozunzikirapo zida. Iwo kutembenukira kwa wina ndi mzake, ntchito udindo, zajambulidwa SS. Chifukwa china choona. alonda SS zina (amveke) anatitumiza ku ntchito Gestapo. Photo Himmler ndi Mueller kavalidwe yunifolomu komanso anachitira umboni za maonekedwe a ogwira ntchito wamba, koma kwenikweni zinthu sizinali bwino. Mbali yaikulu ya anthu Gestapo anali anthu wamba, iwo anavala zovala wamba, mu zovala mwachizolowezi, ndipo amakonda kuchita zinthu ngati unobtrusively ngati nkotheka. Service akadali chinsinsi. Only pa zochitika zapadera alonda SS atavala zakuda kapena kutsogolo (chomwe nthawi zambiri), mbewa-imvi mtundu. Gestapo yunifolomu yekha osati aperekedwe.

Amene anamenyana ndi partisans m'magawo mukukhala?

kulakwitsa wina nthawi zambiri ndi atsogoleri, kapena kani, alangizi awo, ndi m'dzina la utumiki nawo polimbana ndi mphamvu za kukana dziko. Kunali kosavuta kuti gulu kuwatcha onse mofanana "Gestapo." mawu Ichi chikudziwika kwa omvetsera misa, monga kuyenera "feldzhandarmery", HFP, ndipo ngakhale Sd (Sicherheitsdienst), makamaka ntchito mu madera azikhala wa USSR ndi mayiko ena. Otchedwa Transnistria mongoyembekezera analanda Romania, anachita sigurantsa (by njira, mosiyana ndi asilikali achifumu, imathandiza). utumiki onse German, achite kanthu Chilango ndi kumenyana ndi zigawenga kayendedwe, anamvera Abwehr, ndi Wehrmacht ndi SS utsogoleri. Kuti waukulu asapita RSHA kasamalidwe iwo anali mu Berlin.

Cinema, ndi Gestapo ndi SS

Mbiri yakale, mafilimu za Gestapo si zoonadi. Nthawi zina, counterintelligence makamaka aluso mu Germany kwenikweni anatumizidwa ku madera ambiri yogwira kukana. Koma monga madera wotanganidwa ya Ulamuliro wa Nazi sanali m'gulu (kwa iwo ngakhale kusindikizidwa ndi ndalama zapadera), Kuphunzira Chinsinsi State Police zinali zochepa malire a Germany ngati 1939. ogwira ntchito udindo wa nyumba imeneyi ikugwirizana dongosolo apolisi amawatenga a Gestapo. SS anali yake "tebulo a maudindo", wolekana asilikali.

njira ya ntchito

Amadziwika kuti ngati pafupifupi munthu kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo akumenya mwamphamvu kwambiri, iye anati. Funso lina, kodi wapatali ndi zoona mudziwe adzakhala chikalata kwa iwo. Confession yotengedwa kumuzunza mwina omva incrimination, ndi kwa mfundo ntchito maganizo, izo zimapangitsa sazindikira. Ntchito yaikulu patsogolo pa boma Apolisi anali ndi n'chongoletsa khama nzeru za misonkhano yapadera ya Soviet Union, Great Britain, USA ndi maiko ena onse kuti zimatsutsana ndi boma lopondereza, unakhazikitsidwa mu Germany mu 1933. Kodi zinali zotheka kuti wogwira ntchito ya utumiki, n'zovuta kunena kuti mbali zambiri za nkhondo wosaoneka akadali boma chinsinsi. Mchitidwe mayiko ntchito zinachitikira counterintelligence, limasonyeza kuti deta zoona ndiponso zamtengo wapatali akhoza zopezera ntchito njira zosiyana, zofunika kwambiri zomwe ndi kukhulupirira kufunika kugwirizana kwawo. Izo kumaonekera mu njira zosiyanasiyana, ndi Gestapo. Photos nze zipinda, zida ndi zipangizo kwambiri zovuta kuzimvetsa kupondereza chifuniro ndi makonzedwe a mitundu yonse ya mmene akuwakayikira ndi (akuthupi ndiponso amaganizo) mlandu nawo yofunika kwambiri Nuremberg Mlandu, anazindikira mwa kuchuluka kwa mabungwe wamkulu wa Chachitatu Ulamuliro wa Nazi upandu (kuphatikizapo, ndi Gestapo).

Kodi gulu anatumikira akazi?

Aliyense wotumikira ndodo yake amphamvu. The apamwamba Choyenereza bwino lokonzekera, ndi zosavuta ntchito. Koma chiwerengero cha ogwira ntchito, ziribe kanthu momwe iwo sadadziwe ntchito kuwerenga maganizo ndi njira ntchito mobisa, sikokwanira kulamulira maganizo ndi kukhulupirika kwa anthu, analipo mu mamiliyoni a anthu. ogwira ntchito zonse amakakamizidwa yosankha akazitape odzichitira pawokha, amene iwo amapereka ndi mfundo zofunika. Anthu ambiri wamwamuna wa Nazi Germany anamenyana pa amadzibisa lapansi. "Wapakamwa" mu unyinji anali akazi, Gestapo ntchito chidwi chofuna kudziwa zinthu ndi maganizo wakutemwa anaika Goebbels mabodza. Kumene, panali mwamuna odzichitira pawokha ndodo ndi asilikali zizoloŵezi sizimagwirizana zonse ankaganiza mgwirizano kwawo. Koma kodi kuweruza zikalata lofalitsidwa, akazi Gestapo pafupifupi sanali mwa antchito nthawi zonse.

ofesi chizolowezi

Choncho, Mapeto Ndizachidziwikire kuti fano yolakwika analenga pogwiritsa pambuyo nkhondo luso, osati kwathunthu zogwirizana ndi zenizeni mbiri. German Nazi counterintelligence sunang'ambike m'midzi analanda woyaka anthu awo, osati kulondera zozunzirako, osati kazitape pa zigaŵenga zankhondo mu mzinda wotanganidwa wa Kharkov kwa Paris. Ndipotu, monga misewu German anapita amuna unremarkable makhothi imvi kapena masuti, chibwenzi, kupeza akazitape, nthawi zina pogwiritsa ntchito makina apadera ndi malangizo finders kudziwa malo a transmitters nzika odana ndi Hitler mgwirizano. Iwo sanali zochititsa chidwi ndi oopsa yunifolomu ndi zigaza pa zisoti tulyah, ndipo, nthawi zambiri, ambiri analibe wachikoka wa wosewera Leonida Bronevogo, amene talente wotchuka mu Soviet Union ngwazi za anecdotes Mueller analengedwa. Gestapo, ngati wina aliyense nzeru bungwe, anali malipoti kaphokoso ndi memoranda malamulo bungwe. Utatha wa kusanthula Nazi ku Germany wa kupulumuka zolozera khadi ndi owona zimatenga nthawi yaitali. Izo zinali bwino nthaŵi. Mapale anali umboni wa chikhalidwe woipa mtima ndi zigawenga monga Hitler Nazism ndi nyumba yake yonse boma, kuphatikizapo Gestapo.