Gaseous madzi boma - katundu Zitsanzo

Madzi - ichi ndi chinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Kwa iye mwini miyoyo yathu, monga kumatanthauza ndondomeko yonse ya moyo. Madzi ali ndi katundu kwambiri zachilendo, ndipo si onse a iwo, asayansi anali kufotokoza. Mwachitsanzo, kunapezeka kuti iye kukumbukira, ndipo angayankhe mawu osiyana. Ndipo chuma odziwika bwino kwambiri a madzi - izo ziri zomwe - thunthu okha amene alipo ku mayiko onse atatu a loitanirana. Phula - Ndipotu, madzi, olimba - ndi ayezi. Boma gaseous wa madzi ife tikhoza kuwona zonse mu mawonekedwe a nthunzi, chifunga kapena mitambo. Munthu wamba sakuganiza kuti ndi madzi onse, kulitcha kuti mawu okha madzi. Ambiri sakudziwa nkomwe dzina la boma gaseous madzi. Koma ndi Mbali imeneyi zimathandiza moyo padziko lapansi.

Meaning madzi

chinyezi lodabwitsali ndi pafupifupi 70% ya dziko lapansili. Komanso, angapezeke mwakuya kwambiri - mu kutumphuka dziko lapansi ndi mkulu mu mlengalenga. Unyinji lonse la madzi mu mawonekedwe a madzi, ayezi ndi banja otchedwa hydrosphere. N'kofunika kuti mitundu yonse ya moyo padziko lapansi. Zinali mchikakamizo cha madzi popangidwa ndi nyengo ndi nyengo padziko lonse. Ndipo kuli moyo kumadalira luso lake kuti asamukire ku mkhalidwe wina ndi mzake. Mbali imeneyi amapereka ake madzi amayendera. Chofunika kwambiri ndi madzi m'chigawo gaseous. Mundawu zimathandiza kusuntha misa madzi ambiri pa ataliatali. Asayansi amati dzuwa ukuphwera miniti padziko lapansi ndi mabilioni a matani a madzi, mu mawonekedwe a mitambo ndi kunditumiza ku malo ena, ndiyeno mvula.

Boma gaseous wa madzi

Mbali A madzi kuti mamolekyulu ake amatha kusintha chikhalidwe cha kugwirizana ndi mzake ndi kusintha kutentha. The katundu wa izo sidzasinthika. Ngati inu kutenthetsa madzi, maselo ake anayamba kusunthira mofulumira. Amene amakhudzana ndi mlengalenga, kuphwanya ubale wawo ndi kusakanikirana ndi tinthu ake. The madzi mu boma gaseous akuzisunga makhalidwe ake onse, komanso zimatengera pa katundu wa mafuta. particles ake ali pa mtunda kwambiri Chrixitu ndi kusuntha mwamphamvu. Nthawi zambiri chikhalidwe ichi amatchedwa nthunzi. Izi colorless, mandala gasi, amene kachiwiri lidzasinthidwa madzi akamaziwononga. Iwo inafalitsidwa mu dziko, koma ambiri a iwo ali wosawoneka. Zitsanzo za madzi m'chigawo gaseous - mtambo kapena chifunga madzi nthunzi anapanga pa madzi otentha. Komanso, ali paliponse mu mlengalenga zikuchokera. Asayansi aona kuti kupuma kumakhala kosavuta pamene yothira.

nthunzi ndi chiyani?

Nthawi zambiri, madzi akudutsa kuti boma gaseous pamene kusintha kutentha. mabanja Normal amene tonse tikudziwa, aumbike pa otentha. Ndi kutali-koyera mtambo ife timachitcha nthunzi. Pamene madzi pamene malire mkangano otentha mfundo ndi pa kuthamanga bwinobwino, izi zimachitika pa 100 °, mamolekyulu ake kuyamba mofulumira asanduke nthunzi. Ukukwera zinthu ozizira, iwo condense kupanga m'malovu madzi. Ngati wambirimbiri madzi usavutike, mu mpweya, nthunzi zimalimbikitsa aumbike. boma, pamene mpweya ndi madzi azikhala, chifukwa mlingo wa evaporation ndi condensation a yemweyo. Zikatero, pamene mpweya muli zambiri nthunzi ya madzi, akulankhula za chinyezi yake yapamwamba. Ndi kutsitsa kutentha kwa mpweya ngati intensively chinyezi kumaundanitsa ngati mame kapena chifunga m'malovu. Koma pang'ono chifunga mapangidwe zinthu zapadera kutentha ndi chinyezi. M'pofunika kuti mpweya anali kuchuluka kwa fumbi padziko limene chinyezi kumaundanitsa. Choncho, m'mizinda ya chifunga chifukwa fumbi zambiri anapanga.

Kupita madzi boma wina ndi mzake

The ndondomeko ya nthunzi imatchedwa nthunzi mapangidwe. Iwo akungoyang'ana iliyonse kuphika mkazi. Koma pali ndondomeko n'zosiyana kumene mpweya uli atatembenuzidwa ku madzi, yothetsa pa zinthu mwa mawonekedwe a m'malovu ting'onoting'ono. Zimenezi zimatchedwa condensation. Nanga ndi zambiri chifukwa nthunzi? M'mikhalidwe zachilengedwe, ndondomeko iyi akutchedwa evaporation. Madzi ukuphwera zonse mchikakamizo cha dzuwa kapena mphepo. Chongopeka mapangidwe nthunzi angatchedwe ntchito madzi otentha.

evaporation

Iyi ndi ndondomeko komwe boma gaseous madzi. Kungakhale achilengedwe kapena inapita patsogolo mwa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana. Madzi ukuphwera mosalekeza. Mundawu anthu yaitali ntchito kuti ziume zovala, zakudya, matabwa kapena mbewu. Aliyense zinthu yonyowa pang'onopang'ono uphwetsa kudzera evaporation cha chinyezi kuchokera pamwamba pake. Mamolekyulu madzi mu gulu ake akutiakuti detach ndi kusakaniza ndi tinthu mpweya. Mwa kuona anthu aphunzira mmene imathandizira pa ntchito imeneyi. Kuti tichite zimenezi, ngakhale zida zosiyanasiyana ndi zida akhazikitsidwa.

Kodi mofulumira ndi evaporation?

1. Anthu mwazindikira kuti mofulumira ndondomeko izi zimachitika pa kutentha. Mwachitsanzo, m'chaka cha njira yonyowa uphwetsa yomweyo, zomwe si zoona za kugwa. Choncho, zinthu anthu ziume mu malo otentha, ndipo posachedwapa analenga choumitsira wapadera usavutike. Ndipo, nayenso, evaporation amapezeka nyengo yozizira, koma pang'onopang'ono. Mundawu ntchito kuyanika wa
mabuku akale ndi mipukutu, kuwaika iwo m'firiji wapadera.

2. Vaporization amapezeka mofulumira ngati lalikulu la kukhudzana ndi mpweya, mwachitsanzo kuchokera madzi mbale Mwamsanga mofulumira kuposa mabanki. Mundawu ntchito kuyanika zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, slicing iwo mu magawo woonda.

3. More anthu aona kuti zinthu mwamsanga youma ndi mphepo. Ichi ndi chifukwa otaya mpweya entrained mamolekyulu madzi, ndi iwo sangathe condense kachiwiri pa nkhani imeneyi. Mbali imeneyi yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kulenga choumitsira tsitsi ndi dryers mpweya dzanja.

The katundu wa madzi m'chigawo gaseous

Madzi nthunzi wosawonekayo nthawi zambiri. Komabe, kutentha, madzi ukuphwera yomweyo zambiri, zikhoza kuoneka ngati mtambo woyera. Chinthu chomwecho chimachitika panja, pamene mamolekyulu madzi condense kupanga m'malovu ting'onoting'ono, zimene timaona.

The madzi mu boma gaseous akhoza zidzasungunuka mu mlengalenga. Ndiye ife kuti wokhutira chinyezi kuchuluka. Pali munthu pazipita zotheka ndende ya nthunzi ya madzi, chimene chimatchedwa "mame imeneyi". Pamwamba malire ichi, iko kumaundanitsa mu nkhungu, mtambo kapena mame m'malovu.

Madzi mamolekyulu mu boma gaseous ikuyenda mofulumira kwambiri, kumwa wambirimbiri. Izi zimaonekera makamaka pa kutentha. Chotero, inu mukhoza kuwona momwe pa chithupsa mu ketulo chivindikiro kudumpha. Mundawu kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti pa kuyaka nkhuni lomveka kuthetheka. Izi madzi evaporating Kasupe nkhuni ulusi.

Madzi nthunzi ali elasticity. Ndi tiwonjezere ndi mgwirizano ndi kusintha kutentha.

Ntchito katundu wa nthunzi ya madzi

katundu zonsezi yaitali za anthu ndi ntchito zofuna za m'banja komanso mafakitale.

• Kwa nthawi yoyamba boma gaseous wa madzi ntchito injini nthunzi. Kwa zaka zambiri inali njira yokhayo kuyendetsa magalimoto ndi makina mu makampani. Nthunzi turbines ntchito tsopano ndi magalimoto injini petulo wachita kale m'malo nthunzi. Ndipo tsopano sitima Tingaone kokha mu zakale.
• Ubiquitous ndi kuleza awiriawiri ntchito kuphika. Zimapita nyama kapena nsomba zimawachititsa wofatsa ndi opindulitsa kwa onse.
• Hot nthunzi amagwiranso ntchito m'nyumba kutentha ndi njira makampani. Nthunzi Kutentha ndi kothandiza kwambiri ndipo mwamsanga zinatchuka mwa anthu.
• Gaseous boma la madzi panopa ntchito moto wamitundumitundu wapadera kamangidwe, amene ntchito othetsa mafuta ndi zina zamadzimadzi flammable. The nthunzi mkangano kutsekereza mwayi wa mpweya moto moto, kuima kuyaka.
• M'zaka zaposachedwapa, tinayamba ntchito boma gaseous madzi chisamaliro cha zovala. sitima Special osati kusalaza zinthu wosakhwima, komanso adzabweretsa ena mawanga.
• ntchito kothandiza kwambiri nthunzi kwa yolera yotseketsa zinthu ndi zida zamankhwala.

Pamene madzi nthunzi zoipa?

Pali mu dziko ndi malo kumene madzi ali mu mkhalidwe gaseous ndi pafupifupi nthawi zonse. Ichi ndi chigwa cha geysers ndi kumagwa mapiri yogwira. Pokhala munthu Zikatero n'zosatheka. Pali zovuta kupuma, ndi mkulu chinyezi kumabwezera mmbuyo evaporation cha chinyezi pa khungu, tingayambe kutenthedwa. Mukhozanso atapsa ndi nthunzi amene kwaiye madzi otentha. chifunga A kungachepetse aone, zomwe zimachititsa ngozi. Koma nthawi zina zonse, katundu wa madzi pochitika mu boma gaseous ntchito kuti athandize munthuyo.