Mawu ndi suffix "Chik": malamulo kulemba ndi zitsanzo

Kodi mawu suffixed -chik-, -schik- mukudziwa? Kuyankha funso ili lidzakhala pafupifupi aliyense. Ngakhale kuti pali anthu ena omwe sakumvetsa deta kolowera morpheme. Mu ichi kugonjera nkhani nkhaniyi, ife anaganiza zoika kuti nkhaniyo.

mwachidule

Manauni ndi suffix -chik- Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kalata morpheme monga -schik-. Tikumbukenso kuti kulakwitsa kochuluka. Ndipotu, pali lamulo lokhwima chinenero cha Chirasha, zomwe mwachindunji limasonyeza kalata "H" akadalembedwa Mulimonsemo, ndi imene - "u".

Features suffix

Kodi kulemba ndi kunena, "perepisschik" kapena "mlembi"? Aliyense akudziwa yankho lolondola pa funso limeneli. Komabe, akatswiri amanena kuti unit lexical ali -chik- suffix. Choncho, kufunika molondola kulemba "mlembi." Ngakhale pa nthawi ya katchulidwe n'kofunika kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyamba.

Ulamuliro zoyambirira

Monga mukuonera, -chik- suffix ndi suffix -schik- akhoza mosavuta chifukwa kwambiri kukayikira analemba mu lemba. Ndicho chifukwa Akatswiri amalangiza kukumbukira malamulo a chinenero cha Chirasha, limafotokoza zimene kusankha ndi morpheme makamaka. Kwa amene simukudziwa, tiyeni tiyerekeze izo pakali pano.

Ngati tsinde la manauni kutha mu zilembo, monga "T", "g", "D", "c" ndi "Z", atatha iwo ayenera kulemba kokha suffix -chik-. Kuti ulamuliro umenewu wakhala kunandithandiza, kupereka zitsanzo zochepa fanizo:

• womasulira;
• oyendetsa;
• plumber;
• hawkers;
• chonyamulira;
• owerenga;
• newspaperman;
• woyang'anira;
• Teamsters;
• wokopera;
• Zashuga madalaivala;
• woyang'anira;
• defectors;
• onyamula;
• makina gunner;
• bartender;
• pereskaZchik;
• linzake;
• carvers;
• greaser;
• ndege woyendetsa;
• makasitomala;
• yopanga mabuku;
• odikira;
• loaders;
• haulers;
• transmitters ndi zina zotero.

Monga mukuonera, ambiri a mawu anapereka kwa izi kapena kuti ntchito. Ndi suffix ndi -chik- komanso ntchito ngati mayunitsi lexical kuti apange mayina a anthu la malo makamaka okhala ndi mtundu.

Nkofunika kukumbukira

Tsopano, inu mukudziwa, ndi mawu ndi suffix -chik- mu Chirasha zimene (zitsanzo za mawu anali kuperekedwa pamwamba). Komabe, munthu ayenera kudziwa osati ulamuliro pamwamba pa kalembedwe ka olondola a anati mayunitsi lexical. Ndipotu, ndithu ambiri anthu achita machimo monga:

• yogawa -chik- + suffix adzakhala "razdachchik";
• -chik- nyumba za alendo + suffix adzakhala "kabakchik";
• migodi + suffix adzakhala -chik- "dobychchik" ndi zina zotero.

Tikumbukenso kuti ndi cholakwika mawu mapangidwe. Komabe, nkhani ya chinenero cha Chirasha ali ndi ulamuliro osiyana, lomwe limati motere: patsogolo makalata suffix -chik- ngati "tsa", "K" ndi "lomweli" m'malo ndi kalata "T". Pano pali chitsanzo omveka:

• Wogawa + -chik- suffix adzakhala "wogulitsa";
• Kabakov -chik- + suffix adzakhala "wamsonkho";
• -chik- migodi + suffix adzakhala "getters" ndi zina zotero.

Nthawi zina, kuika suffix -schik-?

Tsopano inu mukudziwa kuti nthawi zina m'pofunika kulemba mawu ndi suffix -chik-. Komabe, mu chinenero cha Chirasha si zachilendo, ndipo ngati mayunitsi lexical, amene ntchito morpheme -schik-. Monga momwe zinalili m'mbuyomu, ndi suffix akhoza kuyika mu maina a manauni kuti apange dzina amuna amene ali ichi kapena icho ntchito, kuchita ntchito zina, komanso la mtundu uliwonse kapena malo okhala.

Komanso -schik- morpheme kwalembedwa kukachitika kuti maziko a nauni itha zilembo zina kuposa vyshepredstavlennyh ( "T", "g", "D", "c" ndi "Z"). Pano pali chitsanzo omveka:

• anatsogolera;
• mtsutso;
• compositor;
• wolipira;
• reinsurer;
• simenti;
• wonyenga;
• spinner;
• owotcherera;
• drummer;
• woyang'anira;
• lendi;
• sawyer;
• glazier;
• wapakhomo;
• Driller;
• odutsa;
• omanga;
• wokhometsa;
• wofukula;
• roofer;
• ndi ngolo;
• packer;
• polisher;
• m'busa;
• planer;
• lamplighter, ndi zina zotero.

mawu okhonda

Monga tanena mawu ndi suffix ndi -chik- olembedwa mu nkhani ya nauni tsinde itha kalata yotsatirayi: "T", "g", "D", "c" ndi "Z". Ndiye iwo anapempha kuti n'chifukwa chiyani ena mayunitsi lexical ntchito morpheme -schik-, ngakhale ali m'munsi kumapeto kwa kalatayo "T". Tikumbukenso kuti si mawu-yekha, ndi kokha mtundu wa chinenero.

Choncho, zinthu zina lexical amene anadutsa mu chinenero cha Chirasha ndi zilankhulo zachilendo, akhoza kupangidwa ndi kuwonjezera suffix -schik-, ngakhale kumapeto kwa kalatayo "T" ndi liwu lofotokozera kapena lokamba waima. Koma ichi ndi ngati mawu a chinenero china itha zilembo ziwiri. Pano pali chitsanzo omveka:

• Kuchuluka - percenter;
• Phula - asfaltSchIK ndi ena.

"Chizindikiro Lofewa" nditayire?

Pa pamene Mawu ndi suffix -chik-, ndipo pamene suffix -schik-, ife tinapeza. Mnthawi ya kulemba manauni zambiri tingafunse funso: ngati kuika chizindikiro zofewa kutsogolo kwa morpheme -schik-? Ndipotu, ndithu ambiri anthu zambiri kulemba mawu anapereka motere:

• zachinschik;
• betonschik;
• tabunschik;
• fonarschik ndi zina zotero.

Chifukwa chiyani? Mfundo ndi kuti malinga ndi "u" Ndi kalata zofewa ndipo nthawi zambiri kumafeŵetsa phokoso kuti anthu ena kulemba kwa iye "s". Komabe, n'kulakwa. Ndithudi, chinenero cha Chirasha, ndi chikutanthauza pali ulamuliro wake. Lembali limati chizindikiro zofewa ayenera olembedwa mayina a manauni pokhapokha "L". Pano pali chitsanzo omveka:

• roofer;
• glazier;
• wolipira;
• spinner;
• sawyer;
• Driller;
• wapakhomo;
• wofukula;
• roofer;
• planer, ndi zina zotero.

kusiyanitsa suffixes

Mawu suffix ndi -chik- akadalembedwa ngati liwu lofotokozera kapena lokamba tsinde itha makalata ngati "T", "g", "D", "c" ndi "Z". Koma nanga kufotokoza kalembedwe mayunitsi lexical monga Kalachik, Sofa, njerwa mnyamata kiyi chala, nkhaka mpando, mpira, ndi zina zotero.? mfundo ndi yakuti mu zonse anagonjera mawu suffix zikuoneka -chik- ndi -ik-. Koma kalata "H", ndiye ndi suffix osiyana kapena mbali muzu. N'chifukwa chake mayunitsi lexical sali pansi malamulo pamwamba. Komanso, morpheme izi interleaved (-IR - / - akuti ek). Ndipo kuti aletse kalembedwe ake ayenera kutha mawu ofunikira. Choncho -ek- suffix anaikidwa mayunitsi anthu lexical, pa zimene declination za mawu "E" akugwa. Pano pali chitsanzo:

• zidzukulu - mdzukulu;
• svistochek - malikhweru;
• belu - belu;
• ogonochek - ogonochka;
• tsamba - tsamba;
• mpeni - mpeni;
• stebelochek - stebelochka;
• mtanda - mtanda;
• mwana - mwana;
• nyundo - nyundo;
• Flower - maluwa ndi zina zotero.

Koma suffix -ik-, zinalembedwa m'mawu amenewo ndi amene kuchepa "ndi" khalidwe limeneli lili. Pano pali chitsanzo:

• Sofa - settee;
• mnyamata - mnyamata;
• Kalachik - mmwamba;
• nkhaka - nkhaka;
• njerwa - njerwa;
• kiyi - chinsinsi;
• mpando - mpando;
• chala - chala;
• nkhope - pang'ono nkhope;
• mpira - mpira, ndi zina zotero.