Likulu la Altai. zokopa Barnaul

Barnaul ndi mzinda waukulu mafakitale, limene lili kum'mwera kwa Western Siberia. Dzina la likulu la Altai analandira ndi loyenda kumeneko Barnaulka Mtsinje. Pa poti mtsinje umayenda mu ob, ndipo ndi wokongola alendo kopita. Barnaul amadziwika malo ake mbiri, kuphatikizapo anthu akale ndi n'chodabwitsa. Koma pa koyamba ngati likulu la Altai si aliyense. Ndi mzinda kumene ikukhala katundu mafakitale. Anthu amene amapita ku dera Altai, makamaka likulu ali kudutsa kumene kudutsa, popanda kuima kwa nthawi yaitali. Amene anafika ndi ndege kuti kwa mzindawo udzakhala kokha kupyolera zone mafakitale, zomwe zingasangalatse osati aliyense. Amene anafika pa sitima, anali ndi mwayi bwino - adzakhala mwachindunji pakati pa mzinda.

Nthano za chiyambi cha dzina mzinda

Pali Mabaibulo angapo okhudza etymology dzina la mzinda. Poyamba ankaganiza kuti mawu akuti "Barnaul" latembenuzidwa kuchokera ku Chikazaki monga "msasa zabwino". Koma Baibulo ili ndi zokayikitsa kwambiri, chifukwa Kazakhs konse ankayenda malo lili likulu la Altai. Pali lina za chiyambi cha mawu akuti "Barnaul", umene kale anatchula: amachokera kwa madzi a mtsinje limeneli, dzina lake mapu kale "Boronoul" ndi "Boronour".

A pang'ono mbiri

Likulu la Altai - Barnaul - anaonekera pambuyo kukonza a Peter Ine chifukwa cha zimene anali tumphatumpha chachikulu patsogolo chitukuko cha Russia. wolemera miyala ya miyala mkuwa, woyamba malo awa Russian ng'anjo inamangidwa pamaso kuwuka kwa mzinda mu m'tsinde mwa Altai anapezeka.

Kale mu 1730, wodziwika pa nthawi breeder AN Demidov anatumiza kupeza malo yabwino yomanga mbewu yaikulu. Yotsirizira anasankha estuary Barnaulka. kusankha Izi zinali zochokera kufunika kwa kupanga zinthu madzi ndi nkhalango. Panali kokha kokha vuto - malo pomanga chomera anali zayamba kuchotsedwa gwero la zopangira, ndicho mkuwa miyala, koma anafunika ndi vuto limeneli. Komanso, kusankha Akinfy Demidov okhudza malo mmera nawonso anakopeka ndi chakuti siliva miyala anapezeka ku Altai. Siberia Western ndi chitsimikizo cha Mfumukazi Elizabeth anazitcha gawo la chuma cha mfumu. Popeza 1771, iye anayamba kunyamula Barnaul udindo wa "phiri mzinda" ndipo kenako anali membala wa chigawocho Tomsk, ndiye Tomko m'deralo. Only mu 1937 Barnaul anakhala likulu la utangoyamba Altai Gawo. The Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo ndi wathunso ndipo mzinda uwu - pa nthawi anali anasamutsidwa pano ambiri mwa makampani ndi mafakitale, amene poyamba inali ku dera la kumadzulo kwa dziko. Tsopano likulu la Altai si kuti ena, monga malo aakulu chikhalidwe ndi mafakitale Siberia.

Wotchuka nthano m'tawuni

Mark Yudalevich mu sewero lake "Blue Lady" akulongosola mzimu wa mkazi amene mwamva amapezeka mu nyumba panopa zakayendesedwe ka mzinda. Pankhaniyi, nthano amasonyeza kuti mkazi wamng'ono wa onse anali moyo iwo entombed mwa makoma ake. Wina nthano limanena kuti Alexander Demidov mozemba smelted siliva m'mafakitale wake, kotero makampani izi anatitumiza ku cuma. Chifukwa cha ichi, asanamwalire Demidov wotembereredwa zomera. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, akuti pa malo pamene iwo anayikidwa mu May, nthawi zina masoka amachitika (panali chigumula mu 1793, moto mu 1917, ndipo ena.).

zowoneka

Ambiri zokopa mu Barnaul, chithunzi chimene inu mukhoza kuwona pansipa, kukopa alendo ndi nthano zake, kugula ndi kukongola. Only nthano m'tawuni chimwemwe m'maganizo ndi kungadzutse chidwi mwa ofufuza. Likulu la Altai Mountains anatchuka chifukwa migodi ake. Polemekeza centennial cha ntchito imeneyi anakwezedwa Demidov chipilala, amene ali m'dera la Demidov. Yomanga anayamba kubwerera mu 1825 ndipo inatha zaka 14 pambuyo pake. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, obelisk Chinawonjezeka ndi chosemacho zosonyeza anayambitsa mzinda Demidov, amene, mwatsoka, anawomberedwa mu nthawi pambuyo chosintha. Kutalika kwa zipilala mamita 14, zogwiriziza pomanga ya chitsulo chosungunula. Chibwenzi, mtambo ndi chipilala cha kufunika feduro. Nthawi zambiri Demidov chipilala poyerekeza ndi obelisk Iguputo Paris.

Osangalatsa buffs mbiri Square wagwa omenyana kwa sosholisimu. Square ndi chikumbutso zovuta, inali pakati pa makonzedwe mzinda ndi mafilimu a kanema "Rodina". Ndi zikuchokera lonse, womwenso manda, steles ndi chipilala ndi lawi wosatha. Mwala wa chipilala adayikapo mu 1920, ntchito yomanga zovuta lonse anamaliza kuti patha zaka 50 tili pa October kuukira boma.

Ngwazi za nthawi yake

Chipilala Vasiliyu Shukshinu, wolemba, wotsogolera ndi wosewera, ili pa msewu V. Kravchuk ndipo ali ndithu mbiri chidwi. The chipilala yekha kwa umunthu kwambiri analengedwa Nikolaem Zvonkovym - millers amene ankaphunzira chosema yekha. Ganizo inatheka ndi wamkulu, amene anathandiza pa ntchito yolenga ziboliboli. Pamene mutu wa utsogoleli mzinda, inali kudziŵika kuti chipilala wapangidwa unprofessional, analamula kupitiriza zina mwa ntchito, koma sindinasiye Zvonkova. Kufanana chapadera cha ntchito ndi munthu amene ali anazindikira: kuti July 25, 1989 chipilala ndi anamangidwira.

Zonse chitukuko cha mzindawo

Museum tinganene kuti m'nyumbayi wamng'ono wa mtawuni ndi dzina chidwi "City". Iwo chinamasulidwa mu September 2007. Lingaliro ndi mfundo nyumbayi - kusonyeza mbiri ya likulu pofotokoza za tsogolo la zosiyanasiyana anthu amene adzipangira chopereka kwambiri kuti chitukuko cha mzinda. Apa ndi Akinfiy Demidov, ndi VM Shukshin, ndi F. Gebler ndi N. M. Yadrintsev. nyumbayi Kuwonjezera chionetsero ntchito (ntchito sanatsatiridwe, "Chikhulupiriro: nthawi ya mapangidwe" chionetsero chosonyeza chikumbutso 80th wa Shukshina V. M.), komanso kufufuza: owonetsera zakale ndodo chinkhoswe mu chitukuko cha zida thematic nkhani pa mbiriyakale ya mzinda, kuphatikizapo m'madera osiyanasiyana pa mabwalo a Altai.