Economy: Kulongosola Momveka ndi phunziro la

Chiphunzitso cha "chuma" anadziwana ndi Aristotle mu III m'ma BC, koma zikamera wa zachuma ndi sayansi zinachitika okha XII-XIII zaka zambiri, nthawi yomweyo ndi kubadwa kwa bizinesi.

Chuma, kutanthauzira lopatsidwa mwa akatswiri ambiri, Kenaka anakhala wa sayansi zofunika kwambiri. Popeza loyang'anizana pafupifupi aliyense chifukwa anthu ochepa anali asanakhalepo ku masitolo ndi misika. Choncho dziko tsiku ndi tsiku wosaoneka alowa sayansi zovuta ndi Mipikisano faceted - zachuma.

tanthauzo A kuti ntchito mabuku nthawi zambiri ndi: sayansi ntchito ndi malonda kupanga ndi zotsatira zake pakati pa nthumwi zachuma. Economic dera chidwi ndi mkulu mumaganiza mtengo, msika ntchito, malamulo a boma, katundu ndalama zofunikira ndi chithandizo, mpikisano ndi kupikisana nawo asapita chofunika ndalama, ayenera, etc. Komanso, mbali zofunika za maphunziro a zachuma .. chiphunzitso ndi chuma dziko.

Khama la chuma padziko lonse motere: kuchotsedwa chuma dziko la dziko ndi ubwenzi pakati pa iwo. Choncho, chuma cha padziko lonse akulowa wina ndi malonda, ndi nzeru chuma, komanso abale zachuma akuwuka pakati pa maiko awiri: mabungwe a zachuma ndi miyambo, ntchito padziko lonse kusamuka, etc ...

Chuma, kutanthauzira lopatsidwa pamwamba, ambiri a chuma lagawidwa m'zigawo ziwiri zazikulu: micro- ndi macroeconomics. Monga mukhoza ndikuganiza, Microeconomics amafufuza njira zachuma mpaka mlingo mtanda m'makalata awo macroeconomics - pa mlingo dziko.

Ntchito yaikulu ya chuma ndi kudziwa mmene zosowa mala pa mawu ndalama zochepa. History amadziwa njira zambiri zoperekedwa ndi asayansi otchuka Kuti vuto limeneli.

Nthawi zambiri kuonetsetsa 3 njira ya ulimi pa mlingo dziko: lamulo ndi kudziletsa, wosakaniza ndi potsiriza, chuma msika. Kudziŵa njira ntchito mu dziko ina, si zovuta. Lamulo chuma kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limati opondereza kumene boma bwino imalongosola, asaaonerera yogawa imelo chuma: katundu, ntchito, kulimbika, n'kumuwonjezera mtengo kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, njira imeneyi ndi operewera. Msika chuma, mosiyana, ukugwira ntchito kwathunthu momasuka, boma oyang'anira okha ndi amene amalamulira pokha zikuchitika chinyengo. Ndi amawasonyeza mosiyanasiyana zimatha mphamvu Chili 2 njira wakale chuma losakanizika.

Khama la mtengo mgwirizano mu chuma msika chikuchitika basi pamaziko a kapezedwe ndi kufunika, ndi mitengo amakhudza mpikisano. Popeza ogula nizitengedwa ndi chikhumbo kugula katundu mkulu khalidwe pa otsika mtengo zotheka, ndi ogulitsa mukufuna kugulitsa katundu pa mtengo wapamwamba, pamapeto, mtengo amamasulidwa pa msinkhu pafupifupi komwe kumakwanitsa ogulitsa ndi ogula. Msika chuma amadzipweteka m'malangizo, choncho ankaona njira yabwino kwambiri ya ulimi ndi chotchuka kwambiri mu dziko.