Corpus delicti

Lingaliro la "Kuphatikiza tort" mu sayansi malamulo amati ndi "malongosoledwe a zochita oletsedwa zizindikiro." Choncho ena olemera chithunzi malinga ndi zomwe kulongosola ikuchitika. Choncho, zikuchokera kulakwa - mndandanda wa zinthu. Zikuphatikizapo: cholinga mbali phunziro, zotengera malingaliridwe mbali, nkhani. Poyankha, zigawo zikuluzikulu zimenezi anawagawa kuvomerezedwa - m'gulu mbali ya vutolo, ndipo optional - wapadera machitidwe ena.

Zimaonetsa cholinga mbali zotsatira, njira ya kuphedwa kwake (ntchito zida, zida wapadera, gulu kukonzanso mwadongosolo). Zizindikiro cholinga amakhala zikuchokera kulakwa, zochitika monga nthawi ya kuchita mchitidwe (pa miliri masoka achilengedwe ndipo ena).

Nthawi zina, zikuchokera lopunthwitsa ingakhale monga okha Khrisu amene adzakhala okwanira kubweretsa perpetrators chilungamo. Ndi machitidwe oterewa, mwachitsanzo, monga mofulumira, chuma cha chida popanda chilolezo, kulephera kutsatira malamulo chitetezo ntchito ndi ena. Ngati ntchito wangwiro zinafuna zotsatira, udindo, kapena pali udindo pa chilichonse.

The zikuchokera lopunthwitsa ingakhale monga kutanthauzira zotsatira zonse za kachitidweko. Choncho, unafotokoza ndi kukhazikitsa ubale causal zochita ndi zotsatira pambuyo pake.

Phunziro la kulakwa amatchedwa munthu amene sanachite oletsedwa.

Mu kukhazikitsa Chilango chilango udindo pa chigawenga amaganizira zochitika zimene zimakhudza mlingo wa kukula kwa chilango envisaged. Makamaka, angathe extenuating (mimba, ali wakhanda, etc.) kapena kukulitsa (kuledzera, mbiri chigawenga, chilango unexpunged ndi zina) zochitika.

Ena zolakwa nyimbo kusamalira nkhani yapadera: Ofisala, mankhwala Ofisala, msilikali, wogwira ntchito zoyendera. chigawo ichi nawonso amakhudza mlingo wa penalizes rigor.

chiwerengero cha zolakwa ndi nzika za bungwe. Ogwira ntchito kapena bungwe mwina mlandu chifukwa chakuti matenda osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe sanali kugwilizana ntchito ya malamulo okhazikitsidwa ndi malamulo, si kugwilizana ndi malamulo pa kuteteza chilengedwe ndi zina zotero. Pamene kuchita zolakwa katundu, ndi wopalamula nkhope malamulo ndi thupi. Olamuliridwa akhoza wachinsinsi ndi zosindikizira mabuku, TV, wailesi ndi zipangizo zina. Pankhaniyi, mchitidwe chosemphana ndi, monga ulamuliro, kufalikira kwa nkhani zonama.

Ponena za zolakwa zimene ubale kanthu oyenerera popanda zotsatira, mfundo ambiri. Imafotokoza kuti umbuli lofalitsidwa mwalamulo lamulo limachita osati osapatsidwa udindo mu mwambo sanali kugwilizana.

Pamaso pa mankhwala zovuta, zomwe zimaoneka ndi kuchita ndi zotsatira zake, chinthu chofunika ndi zosiyanasiyana mitundu ya kupalamula. Choncho, kusiyanitsa chosasamala ndi cholinga chake. kuchita mwadala imatengedwa wakukhumudwitsaniyo mwachidwi, zoipa zotsatira (woopsawo kapena zoipa) ndipo ankafuna njira yawo (cholinga mwachindunji), kapena modziwa anawalola zolawula.

Kuchita ankaona kuti anachita Nkhalango zochepa zokha pamene wolakwayo, akuyembekezera kukumana ndi mavuto mopepuka ankayembekezera kuwaletsa kapena kusamalira maonekedwe awo, ayenera kukhala ndi akanakhoza kuchita izo.