Common chule: kufotokoza, taxonomy, malo okhala, photos, zili

M'nkhani ino tikufuna kulankhula za kuthekera kwa ziweto zanu. Kukumana chule ndi wamba. Posachedwapa otchuka ziweto zosowa ndithu, akukankha ku maziko a amphaka miyambo ndi agalu.

ndi amene chule izi?

Common chule (pelobates fuscus) - uyu ndi chule, ndi woimira chule banja lonse. Mwa njira, ichi pang'ono amphibian cholengedwa, mpaka masentimita atatu. Childs chule ali kuwala mtundu imvi kapena wachikasu-bulauni.

Koma dzina chule ake chidwi adazolowera kupeza chifukwa chakuti khungu wake nthawi zina limatulutsa fungo la adyo. zopangitsa Amphibious secrete ntchofu ndi fungo zoipa mwambo ngozi.

Common chule: kufotokoza

Ngati inu mukuyang'ana pa spadefoot ndi, kunja izo zikuwoneka ngati mtundu umodzi wa achule wamba kwambiri, kokha khungu lake yosalala kwambiri. Chule thupi wamfupi koma wojintcha, chachikulu mutu, koma miyendo yakumbuyo ndi waufupi zokwanira. maso ake lalikulu ndi otchuka, ndipo ndi mano. Pamodzi kumbuyo akuthamanga kuwala Mzere.

Common chule: malo

Chule - ichi ndi cholengedwa zachilendo. Umapezeka malo nthaka yofewa kumeneko. Ndipo ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti amakonda kukumba pansi. N'chifukwa chake achule awa amapezeka minda, koma mu zosaphika ndi usiku. Iwo burrow mu nthaka ndi miyendo yakumbuyo, amene zida zokumbira-timabamputimabampu. Chule amathera nthawi zambiri anali pansi pa akuya masentimita khumi. Ndipo kukumba pansi spadefoot ndi liwiro chodabwitsa ndipo mwamsanga kupita kumunsi. Masana iwo kukhala mu dzenje ndipo adzatuluka usiku pofunafuna chakudya, koma iwo angakhoze kokha kusaka pamene mpweya ndi chinyezi chokwanira, koma ngati ndi youma, iwo sakudziwa nkomwe tuluka mwa pobisalira wake, monga mmene iwo anali ankakonda kukhala. Akuluakulu overwinter kuchokera September mpaka April mu kamakumba una wa makoswe, kumeza, timadontho-timadontho, m'maenje pansi stumps ndi.

chule Common amakhala deciduous ndi kusakaniza nkhalango, meadows, minda, zithaphwi ndi nyanja.

Chule imapezeka pa madzulo, usiku kapena m'mawa, ndipo ngakhale ndiye, kokha pamene chinyezi ndi chokwanira kwa iye. Pachifukwa ichi, imatengedwa ndi osowa mitundu chule.

kubalana spadefoot

Mu malo chule miyoyo lokha pa kubereka, ndi pafupi twente-faifi masiku. Spawning ndondomeko yokha chikuchitika mu madzi. Mkazi akhoza kuyika kwa mazira 1,800. Tikumbukenso kuti pakati pa mitundu yonse amphibian ndi spadefoot, mwina nthawi yaitali kwambiri hibernation, ndiwo masiku mazana awiri.

Onse nyengo mating chule atagwira pafupi dziwe. The kwambiri zosaphika ndi mvula chilimwe, motalikira adzakhala nyengo ya kubereka. Akazi anagona zowalamulira awo, ofanana ndi ulusi mwachindunji pa zomera ku malo a.

Komanso tadpoles kukhala za zana masiku. tadpoles wamng'ono kwambiri ndi lalanje mtundu, kenako kukhala golide ndi brownish. Kuzidyetsa wokha, iwo kutenga malo ofukula ndi kusonkhanitsa mkamwa ndi madzi pamalo ayenera kudyetsedwa. zakudya zawo ndi chomera chakudya. M'madzi osaya, iwo safuna kusambira. Tadpoles ndi lalikulu kukula mokwanira sadzachitanso ikugwirizana ndi chikhato cha dzanja lanu.

Mwamsanga pamene iwo amaoneka miyendo kutsogolo, iwo mwamsanga kusiya dziwe ndi kupita kudziko, m'manda pansi ndipo akuyembekezera nthawi pamene iwo sadzakhalanso mchira. Sam ndondomeko tadpoles chitukuko akhoza kutenga miyezi itatu kapena asanu. Unamwali achule kumachitika pa zaka zitatu.

mphamvu achule

chule Common ndi usiku okha ndipo ndimasangalala kwambiri pa dziko. M'chaka, akhoza kupanga ulendo wonse, kusiya kwa madzi pa mamita mazana asanu. Tsiku la achule mpumulo, ndi kubwera kusaka usiku. Iwo foraged tizilombo mphutsi, nkhono.

Pambuyo usiku kudyetsa chule wamba (chithunzi tikuonera m'nkhani) akukumba dzenje mwini miyendo yakumbuyo ndipo mbuyo limalephera mu nthaka, kutseka maso ndi mphuno. Kuti kwathunthu m'manda, izo maminiti pang'ono chabe.

achule adziteteze

Chitetezo adani chule amagwiritsa fungo adyo. Iye waima pa ngozi pang'ono ndipo amatha kulimbana ndi mtima wofuna kuukira. Ngati nthawi si chule anakwanitsa kuthawa, ndiye wayamba croak mokweza, kutupikana ndi limatuluka phazi. Mu njira imeneyi ndi kuyesa kuwonjezera kukula kwake ndipo motero kuwopseza mdani. Croak mukudziwa momwe akazi ndi amuna, koma iwo alibe mphako, kotero iwo akhoza adalimkumva kokha mwa madzi. Kuthengo, amphibian moyo zaka zisanu-sikisi. Ndipo akakhala kunyumba pantchito wabwinobwino wa achule amenewa akhoza kukhala ndi zaka khumi.

Chiphe zopangitsa chule khungu si owopsa, zingayambitse mavuto ochepa okha a anthu. Pakuti mwamuna si owopsa, koma chifukwa chule tikhoza kutenga pamodzi. Nthawi zambiri chule yokha amakhala chakudya cha njoka, mphiri, herons, storks, curlew Merlin, bitterns, muimba wakuda, grouse, kadzidzi, mphungu kadzidzi, kadzidzi, yoongoka, akhwangwala, hedgehog, polecat, nkhandwe, mink. Monga mukuonera, adani a chotero yaing'ono chilengedwe lofala.

Chule kunyumba

Mfundo akhoza kuchita ndi wamba chule kuweta. wokhutira mu ukapolo zizichitidwa mu khola wapadera malita osachepera makumi atatu. Iwo ayenera kuwaganizira dziwe, madzi amene ayenera kusinthidwa tsiku. Pansi pa thanki azithira wosanjikiza dothi mu masentimita zisanu mpaka eyiti wandiweyani, wopangidwa mwa peat, makungwa komanso mchenga. Komanso kuyesetsa mu terrarium ayenera msipu wauwisi.

Akuluakulu inu simukausowa zina mpweya otentha angakhale okwanira digiri makumi awiri, koma ayenera kutsatira chinyezi, iwo uyenera kukhala peresenti 75, ndi bwino, ngati mtengo wake uli pafupi ndi 90%. Chule - cholengedwa usiku, ndi chifukwa inu simungakhoze kuchita kuyatsa mu terrarium lapansi.

Young chule tadpoles ayenera kudyetsedwa masamba chakudya. Akulu akufunika nyerere, kafadala pansi, akangaude, tizilombo mphutsi, zonsezi ndi maperesenti oposa makumi asanu ndi atatu chakudya awo. Spadefoot amakonda kudya, nyongolotsi ndi slugs. Tatenga chule kufunika mu Pet m'masitolo.

Zimene zili achule

Ngati mwaganiza kusunga chule kunyumba, ndiye muyenera yomweyo kupenda mavuto onse obwera ndi izo. Kodi N'zosavuta kwa anthu oyera wamba chule? Systematics ulamuliro chinyezi, ndi juveniles komanso kutentha, ayenera kukhala chofunika zili a chule lapansi.

Komanso, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti terrarium n'kofunika nthawi kuyeretsa ndi kusintha madzi tsiku ndi tsiku. Live chakudya kuti kulizindikira ndi kovuta kawetedwe nyumba yake, ndipo si yeniyeni, chifukwa ingafalire mu nyumba ya. Achule amatha kuthawa khola ndi kufa kwa madzi m'thupi mu nyumba, kotero muyenera kukhala kutseka. Kumbukirani kuti chule - cholengedwa usiku, chifukwa pali chiyembekezo kuti tidzatha penyani ake masana. Izi si Pet zimene kuchereza inu, kenako adzafuna chidwi ndi kuisamalira.

N'kutheka kuti nthawi chule ndi tikatha m'manda mu mchenga kapena gawo lapansi, ndi kokha kupita kunja chakudya. Kukhalabe chinyezi bwinobwino pakangotha khola m'pofunika utsi madzi. A pothawirapo achule akhoza kuyika mu zidutswa makungwa.

mitundu yosowa

Tikumbukenso kuti spadefoot umodzi wa achule malo n'chachikulu zokwanira. Iye amakhala ku Central ndi ku Eastern Europe ndi Western Asia. Ndipo, koma, amphibian ndi mitundu osowa. Iye Mwachitsanzo, m'gulu la Red Data Buku la Estonia, komanso Red Book wa Moscow, Orel ndi Makhachkala zigawo. Panopa palibe kuopseza kutha. M'malo mwake, kuteteza monga osowa amphibian scantily. Ichi apa yachilendo cholengedwa - ndi chule wamba. The Red Book wa Moscow dera mu kusindikiza kwachiwiri kale m'ndandanda awo a chule chakuti, poyerekeza ndi m'zaka za m'mbuyomu, muli malo ochepa kumene amakhala, chiwerengero cha anthu amakhudzidwa ndi. Akukhulupirira kuti ndi chifukwa nthawi yaitali chitukuko cha mbewu yake, komanso kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa malo, amene kwambiri kumakhudzanso spadefoot.

Tikumbukenso kuti ali Red Book wa Moscow dera anapanga zokwawa ambiri ndipo achule, ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti nyama akuvutika kwambiri chifukwa cha maonekedwe awo chikoka chomwe anthu anthu. Achule amagwira kwambiri malo okhala, mosiyana ndi nyama zina, iwo sangakhoze amasamukira pa maulendo ataliatali Komanso n'zokhudza mwachindunji ku dziwe wanu. Panopa kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha zolengedwa amphibian anati lonse. N'chifukwa chiyani izi zimachitika Sizikudziwika inapeza kufotokozera kwa zodabwitsazi.