Mchikhalidwe zokongoletsa ndi Zamakhalidwe zaluso

Aesthetics sayansi ndi nthambi ya nzeru kuti amaphunzira chikhalidwe cha luso ndi ubale wathu. Izo zinayambira mu m'ma 18 ku Ulaya ndipo anayamba makamaka England, kuphunzira m'madera monga ndakatulo, zosemasema, nyimbo ndi kuvina. Ndiye ife m'kagulu uli mbali imodzi, ndipo anawatcha Les Beaux Tirhana kapena Wabwino Tirhana.

Anzeruwo amanena kuti chinthu chotero monga "mchikhalidwe zokongoletsa" palokha sindingakhoze kufotokoza kukongola. Kumene, kukongola akhoza kukhala katundu monga zomveka kuti, chosokonekera ndi chiwerengero, koma ambiri maganizo "luso" si unormirovano. art anthu kulenga mwachilengedwe, ntchito ndi mmene anthu, zokumana nazo ndi maganizo popanda kuganizira za chinthu chotero monga mchikhalidwe zokongoletsa.

zinachitikira zokongoletsa zingaphatikizepo osakaniza maganizo osiyana monga kusangalala, mkwiyo, chisoni, kusangalala ndi kuvutika. Immanuel Kant anafotokoza maluso monga m'dera limene adalipo mawonekedwe kugwira ntchito. Kukongola, iye anati, ankadalira manambalawo yeniyeni, zomwe zinali zokhudzana. Mwachitsanzo, kavalo akhoza kukhala wokongola ziribe kanthu momwe izo zimayendera.

maganizo athu wachita kale wapita ku mfundo akale a otchedwa "M'badwo wa Choonadi" ndi moyenera, zoti yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale anthu angathe kuonedwa ngati gwero la chidziwitso.

Komabe, kumlingo, kamvedwe kathu ka okongola nthawi zambiri osati monga munthu ngati zikuoneka pa koyamba, koma cholukanalukana ndi maganizo a anthu. Ngakhale udindo payekha poyerekezera ndi luso sayenera Kuchotsera.

maganizidwe amenewa awiri - amaonera munthu ndi kuzindikira pagulu - ali ndi matanthauzo ofananafanana, koma olo ndi kutuluka kwa wina ndi mnzake. M'mawu ena, mfundo zokongoletsa kapena anthu mwinamwake zinapangidwa Choncho, iwo ali ngati Zamakhalidwe. Mfundo imeneyi tikuipeza tanthauzo la zosiyana.

Anzeruwo amanena kuti Zamakhalidwe - izo gulu kapena lingaliro zokhudza mmene munthu ayenera zinthu ndi nkhani zina. Ndiko kuti, ndiyo khalidwe la anthu, limene ambiri amayembekezera. Akatswiri, pamodzi ndi zamaganizo akuphunzira momwe "malamulo osalembedwa" wa anthu kudziwa osati makhalidwe athu, komanso mtima kwa zinthu zina - maganizo a dziko. Oddly zokwanira, koma Zamakhalidwe kusonkhezera zokonda zathu, ife tikukhulupirira, mwa tanthauzo, chinthu payekha.

Mwachitsanzo, zokonda nyimbo, yoperekedwa kwa kayendedwe chilichonse cha ndale kapena wolemba amakonda, ndithudi, zingasiyane chuma amene amasankhidwa ndi anthu ambiri. Koma otsutsa amakono afika uyu: ngati mankhwala ali kukolezera osachepera amodzi, ali ndi ufulu kulibe ndi kutchulidwa ntchito yaluso, kaya maganizo ambiri.

Zikomo kuti lamuloli, pali malangizo atsopano ndi latsopano mwa luso chi anayamba. Anthu titchedwe yapamwamba masiku ano pakati rap achinyamata ndi thanthwe music, impressionism ndi chimakono zaluso chabwino, ndi zina zotero. D.

Komabe, ena "amisiri" kuthamangitsa m'maganizo kulenga ngati luso kayendedwe, zomwe zili zosemphana ndi mfundo okhazikika aesthetics, kukongola ndi chodya. Mwachitsanzo, chirichonse chimene chikugwirizana ndi chimbudzi akuchita monga kapena "ntchito okonzeka nkhani ya luso" kapena monga chuma kupanga ake, akhoza kukhala wokongola. Ndipo umapita umenewu akuti ndi zosiyana ndi malamulo a zokongoletsa, analandira munthu ano.

mchikhalidwe Social kudziwa ngati munthu ali mu gulu kapena kunja. Funso ikupezeka, kodi pali zokongoletsa malamulo kwapadera mtsogoleri kapena kuwonjezera pa nthawi mchikakamizo cha anthu lonse.