Njale mabanga: ikulongosola za nyama

Yofiirira njale amakhala makamaka zigwa. Izi ndi kukhazikitsidwa yokongola, vigilantly kulondera dzenje zawo. Aliyense amene wakhala mu zigwa, anaona silhouettes nyama mobwerezabwereza, akukumana mizati, ndi yoteroyo kutsogolo anawoloka pachifuwa pake, ndipo anayang'ana pozungulira oyandikana nawo. Mmodzi mphindi - ndi njale mbisoweka!

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti nthano wowerengeka zimachitika iwo katundu wapadera. Oyendayenda ankakhulupirira kuti nyama kudziwa kumene m'manda chuma golide steppes, ndipo ngati kupita kukagona kutchire, agologolo akhoza kubwera kumasuka ndi lotseguka mu khutu lake zinsinsi zake zonse.

inafikira

Njale zamawangamawanga anagawira kum'mwera m'nkhalango steppe wa East European Plain. Palinso 2 yaing'ono akutali malo moto: kumadzulo a Belarus ndi kumpoto Ukraine.

Akuda njale: akunja maonekedwe

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu yochepa tailed agologolo pansi ndi zazing'ono. Imatha kulemera kwa 500 ga, ndi amuna pang'ono kuposa akazi. Mutu waukulu, ndi maso yaikulu. Yoteroyo wa nyama yochepa, ndi zala yaitali ikuyenda. Njale ali anaona kawirikawiri ndi waufupi moyandikana khungu; kokha pa mchira wake fluffed tsitsi ndi yaitali. Chekeni kumbuyo motley ndi kowala: pa bulauni kapena imvi brownish maziko anamwazikana makamaka lalikulu, zodziwika, chikasu kapena yochitidwa specks, merging kubwerera ripple a.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti achinyamata nyama specks Mungathe kukonza mizere. The kumtunda kwa mutu ndi kumbuyo kwa mtundu wina, pang'ono akuda nthawi. maso atazunguliridwa ndi mphete yonyezimira; pansipa iwo ndi mawanga bulauni. Mutu ndi khosi ndi woyera pansipa. Belly amasintha mtundu kuchokera ocher-zachikasu imvi kuwala. Mchira ziwiri mtundu, ali edging yowala. Wonse mtundu kamvekedwe mkati osiyanasiyana dims ndipo brightens kwa kum'mwera.

Tinaona pansi gologolo mu karyotype 34 DNA.

kubalana

Nyama zimenezi kuswana nyengo iyamba pambuyo theka masabata pambuyo akutulukira ku hibernation. Pa chisokonezeko yomweyo kumatenga pafupifupi milungu iwiri. Iye limodzi ndi kubera amuna kudera akazi. Amuna pa nthawi ino ndi ankakwiya - iwo kuthamangitsa wina ndi mzake, "ndi nkhonya," kuluma. Mating kumachitika nthawi zonse mdzenje. Pankhaniyi, mimba kumatenga pafupifupi 27 masiku. Pambuyo uyu akubwera seveni ana.

Kumayambiriro kwa June, nyama wamng'ono (njale) choyamba ukuonekera burrow ake. Ndiye mkazi wasiya ana ake kwa masiku 3, motero kum'kakamiza kuyamba kudya zakudya olimba. Koma patangopita masiku ochepa achinyamata kwambiri masamba mayi ake, yothetsa mu kamakumba una awo.

Njale zamawangamawanga amapereka neplodovitye hybrids pafupifupi Volga ndi njale yaing'ono. Ndipo pafupifupi Pridnestrovie gologolo European pansi.

chakudya

Koma izi si chidwi zamawangamawanga njale. Kodi wakudya nyama zimenezi? The zikuchokera chakudya mbewu yake. Iwo ali pafupifupi 50 mitundu, mbali yaikulu imakhala dzinthu (nthenga udzu, fescue, Kentucky bluegrass, chilombo oat), ndi maluwa udzu (yarrow, clover, dandelion). Chabwino kumatanthauza Kusintha zakudya malinga ndi nyengo. Kumayambiriro kasupe nyama adya zomera mizu, gawo wobiriwira ya chilimwe, ndipo mbewu kugwa.

dzinthu Cultural (tirigu, rye, balere zina) adya wonse (zimayambira, zikumera, mbewu, masamba), pamene mamita oposa 50 m'mphepete gawo la m'munda sukupita. Mu nthawi yogwira ndege la kafadala ndi adya iwo. M'matangadza zimapangitsa kakang'ono - 500 ga, ndiyeno - mu nkhani ya nyengo yoipa m'chilimwe (m'nyengo yozizira nyama musadye). Panthawi linanena bungwe aang'ono ndi chisokonezeko mu anthu wandiweyani anatinso milandu necrophagia ndi kudya (kudya anagwidwa congeners msampha).

njira ya moyo

Wokhala steppes nthenga udzu, kum'mwera kwa nkhalango ndi zomwe zili meadows ndi njale. Malongosoledwe a moyo wake tikambirana chiyani m'nkhani ino. malo ake mbadwa amaonedwa malo okwera steppe ntchito ngati msipu, msipu meadows. Koma chifukwa cha minda ya chilengedwe steppe njale unalowedwa malo otsetsereka youma wa matabwa, m'mbali mwa malamba nkhalango, malire.

Pa anthu awo okwezeka mongoyembekezera anakakhala m'misewu dziko ya mpesa ndi minda akale, pamodzi m'mphepete mwa minda ndi mbewu ya tirigu ndi chimanga. Otsika kawirikawiri ntchito ndi kokha malo chakudya nyama.

Yofiirira pansi gologolo, zithunzi zimene zikufotokozedwa mu pepala ili moyo m'midzi (wandiweyani ndi ochepa) pa roadsides, floodplains mtsinje ndi zina zotero. Iwo anabwera kudutsa monga nyama yekha. Komanso, aliyense wamkulu akugwirizira burrow yake. Pali kamakumba una kanthawi mpaka kalekale. Pali pansi agologolo zimabisala zimasokoneza ndi letuyut.

Nthawi zina mabowo ndi chimachititsanso owonjezera ndi otnorki. nyumba zosakhalitsa ang'onoang'ono ndi dongosolo chosavuta. Nyama kukhala moyo wongokhala, izo sachita migrations kukafunafuna chakudya. Mobile yekha amuna pamene zikufuna kukhala ndi achinyamata mu nyengo ya kuthetsa.

mphamvu

Chiwerengero cha yofiirira pansi gologolo anakana masiku ano chifukwa ntchito zowononga ikuchitika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi akulima a m'mayiko namwali.

Ubwenzi ndi munthu

Pa mbali yaikulu ya m'dera (kuwonjezera Moldova ndi Ukraine) chifukwa cha ochepa njale sayambitsa mavuto zogwirika kuti ulimi. Nthawi kundipweteka tirigu, minda ndi mbewu masamba, m'minda nkhalango, msipu.

Imathandiza kuti chiwonongeko chotheratu cha wosanjikiza dothi. Pakali pano, palibe phindu malonda. Natural chonyamulira cha ena infestations parasitic, nthumwi causative wa tularemia. Palibe phindu kwa anthu nyama zimenezi si Choncho, si ankasakidwa.