Choncho zingatheke kunyowetsa chovala?

Mwina, mu dziko lathu mu zaka forte zapitazi, panalibe munthu, amene sibwenzi anafunsa - zingatheke kunyowetsa nsalu. Pafupifupi banja limene pakali pano anali ndi ana 1 chaka zaka 16, chaka chilichonse, anakumana ndi vuto limeneli, ndi ndendende ichi matenda ziwengo mayeso (ndipo osati katemera, ntchito kuwerengera ambiri), m'dziko lathu ntchito kudziwika oyambirira zotheka matenda a mwanayo Mycobacterium TB.

Kodi Mantoux mayeso?

Yankho la funso limeneli angaperekedwe ochepa ziganizo lalifupi, koma inu mukhoza kujowina zokambirana, nthawi zina kwasanduka dzanja weniweni kwa moyandikana. Ndipo kupita mu izo akatswiri "zoipa" thanzi amene amaona pachaka kukhazikitsa ndondomeko chofunika, ndi "zabwino" abale a mwanayo, amene amakhulupirira kuti kudziwa zimene kupanga chovala, ndi kulipanga ilo kwathunthu okhulupirika. Ndipotu, zinthu siziri choncho osavuta kumva, ndi kholo lililonse, mwana amene ayenera kuchita zimene mayeso matenda ayenera kutenga mphindi pang'ono za nthawi wake ndithu wapatali kumvetsa pang'ono zosasangalatsa ndondomeko zothandiza kwambiri nthawi kudziwa matenda oopsa.

Makolo ambiri molakwa kuti TB sadzamva bzace, okondedwa awo, ndipo ndithudi sizidzachitika funsani mwana wawo ndi Mycobacterium TB. Ndipotu matenda sioneka akhoza kukhala ndi kachilombo ndi anthu opambana kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe kutetezedwa, amene angathe kaduka ozungulira, ndipo thupi yekha mwanayo, chitetezo cha m'thupi ndi zisanathe kupangidwa, ali ndi mwayi waukulu matenda. N'chifukwa chake oyambirira kudziwika kwa mphindi matenda ntchito mayesero matenda kapena x-ray Kupenda unyinji wa anthu wamkulu.

Malamulo kuphedwa "mabatani a"

Koma funsolo ngati n'zotheka kunyowetsa Mantu, inayambira zoyambirira za m'ma otsiriza, pamene cholinga cha kuzindikira mwamsanga TB ntchito chigamba kuyezetsa Pirke, ndi ingress madzi zotsatira mu kupotozedwa chotsatira. Pankhani yomweyi, Mantoux mayeso, woyeretsedwa tuberculin (Antigen pano mu Mycobacterium TB), pamene bwino anaphedwa mpheto imagwera pakati pa zigawo khungu, umene padziko zaminyewa anapanga khalidwe "pugovichkami".

Komatu mayeso Mantoux adzaikidwe pachaka ana onse amene anakwanitsa zaka 1 chaka ndipo musapyole zaka 16, motero, pakati pa kuphedwa kwa BCG ndi kuchita mayesero matenda ayenera kukhala miyezi 12. The vaccinations oyamba akhanda pamaso kumaliseche m'chipatala, kotero funso ngati n'zotheka kunyowetsa nsalu zingachitike pamaso pa banja khandalo mpaka pambuyo kubadwa kwake koyamba.

Kodi kulankhula Mantoux mayeso?

Kukamba za kodi zotsatira za mayeso amenewa, n'zotheka okha pansi pa chikhalidwe cha polojekiti yothandizira mwanayo. Ngati mwana zaka 1 chaka si ofooka zochita zabwino, amasonyeza kuti katemera wakhala ikuchitika molondola ndi cholinga wolakalakika - kumanga chitetezo chokwanira ndi TB - sichinayambe zimatheka. Ndiye, linachepa (matenda mayeso) akubwerezedwa pachaka. Pa nthawi imene mwana zifukwa zina akhala BCG pamaso kumaliseche m'chipatala, woyamba Mantoux mayeso zizichitidwa pa zaka 1 chaka ndi mobwerezabwereza pa pafupipafupi 1 lililonse miyezi 6.

Kuti tiyankhe funso ngati n'zotheka kunyowetsa nsalu, ziyenera adakumbukira kuti ayankhe adzakhala ayesedwa ndendende pa maziko a kusintha kwa khungu, kotero madzi kulowa pa katemera kwambiri, mfundo, si owopsa, ngakhale mwana akhoza kuyamba kuongola malo intradermal jekeseni. Pa chifukwa matenda a chitsanzo zingakhudze onse kukondoweza makina, mu kumene kumakhala amapezeka redness, komanso matenda aliwonse khungu. N'chifukwa chake pali mtheradi ndi wachibale wa Mantoux mayeso contraindications, monga dermatitis matupi awo sagwirizana ndi dermatoses, posachedwapa anasamutsa matenda pachimake matenda, kuphatikizapo matenda pachimake kupuma ndi chimfine.