The tsabola wokoma akudwala?

Lokoma tsabola - ndiwo zamasamba otchuka, anabweretsa kwa Ulaya ku America South. Mofanana ndi ena ambiri, ndinazolowera zikhalidwe latsopano nyengo, chikhalidwe, tsabola atengeke a chikhalidwe chosiyana: mafangasi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

matenda a mafangasi.

1. 1. damping wolemera - ndi matenda a mbewu ndi mbewu m'manda m'nthaka. Likutchedwa angapo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a mafangasi. Nthawi zambiri kuoneka chakuti mbewu chiyani sizingamere (zambiri kuti "ndayima kaye"). Mu mbande ndi damping wolemera anakhudzidwa dongosolo muzu, ndipo akufa paulendo gulu lonselo ankaliphera pamodzi. Ena zomera kachilombo kusamalira kukula wamkulu, koma matenda pambuyo zingachitike mizu kuvunda m'mikhalidwe yabwino, ndi chomera n'kofunika kuti achotse.

Damping wolemera khalidwe la Greenhouses kumene zomera osauka kutali mulingo woyenera. Monga ulamuliro, zilibe kutsatira kutentha ndi ulimi wothirira ankhanza, ndi zomera mwakula mu malo ozizira ndi konyowa kwambiri.

Pofuna kupewa ayenera anasankha chifukwa chodzala yekha wathanzi ndi apamwamba kwambiri mbewu zakuthupi decontaminated nthaka asanadzalemo formulations fungicidal ndi kupewa ulimi wothirira zimabwezera otsika kutentha mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi.

1. 2. tsabola zokoma akhoza kukhala ndi mavuto tsinde ndi muzu zowola. Childs, matenda kumachitika mu munda wandiweyani ndi dothi ndi ngalande wosauka pa chinyezi mkulu ndi dothi. Muzu zowola chiyambi mafangasi akuwonetseredwa mu madzi mawanga bulauni kapena lakuda patsinde pa tsinde la, zomera pang'onopang'ono kufooketsa ndi kufa. Tsinde zowola kumachitika mu malo kuwonongeka kapena tsinde mfundo, adzagwira chipatso chikho tsabola.

Mwa njira zodzitetezera: chithandizo mbewu (mwachitsanzo, Aloe madzi njira ndi madzi 1: 1), nthaka disinfection mu greenhouses, kasinthasintha mbewu ndi decimation landings.

1. 3. Gray nkhungu ndi matenda wamba mbewu kutentha wamkulu pansi chinyezi mkulu ndipo makope osauka mpweya. spores Fungal kudutsa mpesa mwa chilonda ndi kupanga yaying'ono maolivi zilonda wobiriwira amene pang'onopang'ono amuzungulire zomera ndi imfa awo.

Kufalitsa zimaletsa pafupipafupi mpweya wabwino greenhouses, yafupika chinyezi m'munsimu 85%, mankhwala antifungal ndi kuchotsa zagwidwa matenda. Pakuti zotupa yaing'ono zovomerezeka si kutaya tsabola ndi kuwaza moto botrytis osakaniza zamkuwa sulphate ndi laimu (mu chiŵerengero 1: 2). Izo analimbikitsanso kukula mitundu kugonjetsedwa monga tsabola wokoma "Kakadu".

1. 4. kuuma zowola zambiri akufotokozera mu nyengo chinyezi ndi kutentha. Pa zimayambira ndi masamba a zomera kuoneka aakulu mabwalo concentric bulauni. tsabola wokoma pang'onopang'ono kufa.

Zizindikiro choyamba chofunika processing landings mednosoderzhaschimi kukonzekera. Pofuna kupewa analimbikitsa latsopano kuswana kugonjetsedwa mitundu (mwachitsanzo, okoma tsabola "Vinni Puh"), chisanadze mankhwala a mbewu ndi kasinthasintha mbewu.

matenda tizilombo.

tsabola wokoma amadwala nthenda yomweyo tizilombo kuti tomato: mphete Virus (zofewa) banga, fodya zithunzi, phwetekere mabanga mufuna. Mwa zizindikiro kunja kwa matenda kovuta kusiyanitsa anthu a mafangasi toyambitsa, ndipo savuta kupewa kuposa kuchiza. Kupewa ndi, kutsatira malangizo awa:

- Gwiritsani ntchito kokha wathanzi, mbewu kutsimikiziridwa;

- unazokotedwa mbewu pamaso kubzala;

- kuwathothola mbande ofooka kapena matenda;

- azichitira mbande masiku seveni aliwonse ndi yankho la mkaka skimmed kwa zofunda (malita 10 a madzi - 1 lita imodzi ya mkaka ndi 5 madontho ayodini);

- kusunga njira zaulimi (tsabola wokoma adzilandira zofunika kuchuluka kwa kuwala, kutentha, chinyezi ndi zakudya), ntchito mankhwala (zikule ogalamutsa, mikroelimenty), kuwonjezera kukana zomera;

- Kusunga kasinthasintha (banja Solanaceae mbewu ayenera kukhala wamkulu mu malo omwewo wosaposa kamodzi 4 zaka).

matenda bakiteriya.

Pakali pano, pali oposa 80 toyambitsa matenda a zomera nakulitsa, kuchokera tsabola lokoma ndi ambiri bakiteriya kudzakuwumitsani, bakiteriya wakuda banga, bakiteriya zofewa zowola ndipo mukufuna bakiteriya. gwero la matenda pafupifupi nthawi zonse kachilombo mbewu kapena mapesi mbewu zotsala kuchokera chaka chatha. zodzitetezera ndi amodzi mwa matenda tizilombo (kupatulapo processing mkaka).