Black spruce: maonekedwe, mitundu, makamaka chisamaliro

Tinadya mtundu ochepa zikuphatikizapo zikuchokera mitundu pafupifupi 40 a zomera yobiriwira. Onse yodziwika ndi masingano onunkhira paini, wokongola, kuphwa korona mawonekedwe ndi unpretentiousness wachibale. Ena mitundu ankagwiritsa ntchito mu munda malo, ena - zina kawirikawiri.

Ife pofotokoza chimene chimaoneka wakuda spruce, anadzetsa kulima ku Ulaya kuyambira 1700. Malinga ndi mlingo wa ulemerero ndi pang'ono wolephera mitundu Canada, ndi zambiri undemanding ndi kugonjetsedwa.

zomera kwawo

Padziko lonse, mitundu ndi anagawira mu North America. Ake m'dera zachilengedwe malo okha mu kumadzulo kwa Alaska kum'mawa - chilumba cha Newfoundland (chizindikiro cha m'chigawo), kumpoto - Titafika pamalo nkhalango ndi kumwera - kumpoto Michigan ndi Minnesota. Wood ndi anapezeka ku Appalachian mapiri m'mapiri a ku New York. Chimakula ulamuliro, mu nkhalango, osachepera - mu nkhalango ya mtundu losanganikirana. Ndi ambiri m'madera Madzi oundana, mu otsika, sphagnum bogs. Momwe - chomera ndi ngozi yochepa kutha.

Black spruce: kufotokoza

Yobiriwira mtengo mu chilengedwe akula 20-30 mamita mu msinkhu ndi 30-90 masentimita ukufika mbiya-awiri. Amatupitsa conical mawonekedwe, ndi nthambi m'munsi, chagona pa mlingo wa nthaka. Makungwa ku ming'alu, wazikang'a, red-bulauni kapena grayish hue woonda. Wood ali thinnest poyerekeza ndi masingano ena spruce - 0.7-0.8 mamilimita ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 0.5-1.2 mu mawonekedwe masingano tetrahedral, prickly, ndi kutchulidwa stomatal mizere pamwamba ndi pansi, ndi mtundu -. Mdima Kamaoneka -Blue. Pa nthambi ili kuli moyo - avareji zaka 8-9. Masingano pamene wosweka ali ndi khalidwe Fungo lamphamvu lamankhwala fungo.

Cones kwa spruce anamaliza-ovate, nthawi zina pafupifupi ozungulira, wamfupi :. Mu kutalika - masentimita 2-3.5 m'lifupi - 1.5-1.8 masentimita Mpaka kusasitsa ndi ulemerero zachilengedwe nkhuni, ndi purplish-bulauni zachilendo mtundu. Mamba obovate, wavy, ndi pakati pa chikunena khalidwe. Cones kukhalabe anadya kwa zaka 20-30, osati zinyalala.

Mu chikhalidwe cha mtengo wamthunzi ololera, undemanding kwa nthaka, chisanu-Hardy, koma ali tcheru ndi kutenthetsa. Chilala akusowa madzi abwino. Umakula pang'onopang'ono, koma mu chikhalidwe Russian ali osowa, wachiwiri kutchuka kwa malingaliro wina - buluu spruce. Zikuwoneka wokongola kwambiri, kukula yaing'ono amakulolani kugwiritsa ntchito kulikonse, ndi buluu imvi wakuda masingano Ufumuyo fluffiness. Ambiri zinayi zosiyanasiyana kukongoletsa wa spruce, akukhala mwatsatanetsatane.

Baysneri

Kalasi ankati anapezerapo mu 1915. Zophatikiza ali ndi wandiweyani korona anamaliza mawonekedwe. Kutalika ndi awiri pa chitsamba pafupifupi ofanana, kufikira pazipita 5 m. Kukula pang'onopang'ono. Singano ndi wobiriwira, ndi wosakhwima mtundu bluish-siliva. Pali zosiyanasiyana sukulu otchedwa Yaying'ono, yodziwika ndi wodzichepetsa kukula (2 m), popanda nsonga kutchulidwa, koma mtundu ndi kutiumba ofanana ndi singano.

Doumeti

Zophatikiza ndi mtengo wochepa anali kukula 5-6 mamita wamtali. Amatupitsa shirokokonicheskoy kupanga nthambi zosiyanasiyana wokwera kumwamba. Masingano ali osiyana buluu kulocha, kuli yokutidwa mphukira. Ambiri cones spruce anayikidwa mwachindunji pa thunthu. Zosiyanasiyana yozizira Hardy, mofulumira kukula. Akulimbikitsidwa m'mapaki malo, kupanga kakwamba gulu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mtengo akhoza zimafalitsidwa ndi cuttings. N'kovuta ndithu pakati conifers. Kwa nthawi yoyamba chotero Oil anali wamkulu mu France.

Kobold

Zosiyanasiyana chifukwa ulendo wa wosakanizidwa wa ena awiri - ndipo Doumeti Omorika. Low-kukula mtengo kuti moyo zaka 20 kufika msinkhu wa mita imodzi, chiwerengero cha wofanana masentimita 5. Korona mawonekedwe ndi lozungulira. Osamalika nthambi masingano wandiweyani chimakwirira kutalika 12 mamilimita ndi m'lifupi mwake 0.5 mm. Zophatikiza ndi kukongoletsa kwambiri ndipo ndi woyenera chidwi cha wamaluwa. Zosiyanasiyana wakhala zopezera Germany mu 1951.

Chernaya Nana spruce

Kaso nyenyezi yaing'ono hybrid ndi mawonekedwe anamaliza korona. Kutalika kawirikawiri ukufika 0.5 m, kukula pang'onopang'ono. Mdima masingano wobiriwira ndi kum'chitira bluish wochepa thupi koma yaitali, kotero chomera amayang'ana kwambiri "wandiweyani" ndi fluffy. Zosiyanasiyana kugonjetsedwa ndi chisanu, m'tawuni wowonongeka mpweya. Iwo akulimbikitsidwa kulima minda yaing'ono, minda ya m'mapiri, rockeries, madenga, chikhalidwe potting. Ndithu mosavuta zimafalitsidwa ndi cuttings.

Si mitundu yonse ya wakuda spruce, pali hybrids, koma iwo ali osowa. Mwachitsanzo, wowala ndi woyera, chonyezimira ndi zabwino kwambiri masingano, kulira korona mawonekedwe 5 mamita mu msinkhu, nyenyezi yaing'ono. Mu zakutchire wakuda spruce zingabweretse hybrids ndi mitundu yambiri yogwirizana.

Features wa kulima

Black spruce ndi mthunzi-ololera ndi undemanding kwa chonde wa mbewu. Komabe, tisaiwale kuti njira yabwino akufotokozera pa malo owala, kutetezedwa drafts ndi mphepo yamphamvu. Mawuwa yaing'ono madzi mitengo, ndipo kwambiri osati kutchulidwa chokhala ndi nyengo. Amachitira zoipa ndi kumuika, kupondereza malo pafupi mbiya pamene dongosolo muzu zaka, kukhala weniweni.

Kuti spruce wakuda ananyamuka okongola ndi wathanzi, kulisunga nthaka yachonde. Konzani akhoza mosadalira kuchokera chisakanizo cha mchenga, peat, kuwaika ndi pepala pansi alionse 1: 1: 2: 2. Pa pansi pa ikamatera dzenje ayenera kuthira ngalande wosanjikiza makulidwe a 15-20 masentimita wa njerwa wosweka kapena kukodzedwa dongo.

Ngati inu ntchito spruce kulenga tchinga, ndi chovomerezeka amphamvu zoyambirira kudulira, kenako korona thickening amapezeka ndi mphamvu kwambiri. Nthawi zina, tikulimbikitsidwa yekha kuchotsa nthambi youma ndi kuonongeka. Kuthirira zomera achinyamata ayenera nthawi zonse ndiponso wodzaza, akuluakulu - okha yotentha kwambiri. Conifers, spruce wakuda kuphatikizapo, ndi kachitidwe muzu ali pafupi nyemba zanu, kotero kwambiri kumasula chovomerezeka, koma osachepera kuya -. 10 cm Ndi bwino pafupi mbiya bwalo zamulchirovat peat kapena nkhuni tchipisi.