"Anthu pamwamba sangathe, sindikufuna wamba": lingaliro Lenin a kusintha

"Anthu pamwamba akhoza makalasi osati m'munsi sindikufuna" - amadziwika akuti limabweretsa Lenin, umene anasankha vuto chosintha anthu, pamene, mu maganizo ake, zapsa zinthu zonse zofunikira chiwembu d'etat ndi chiwonongeko cha ulamuliro kulamulira. nkhani yolembedwa uyu adagwiridwa ndi m'malo, ndi Soviet Union, analowa pophunzitsa onse pa sayansi mbiri ndi chikhalidwe. Mu nthawi yathu, akuti ali watetezanso, ngakhale wakhala ntchito m'nkhani zina poyerekezera ndi vuto linalake umoyo ndale.

Makhalidwe a m'badwo

Mawu akuti "makalasi chapamwamba sitingakhoze, sindikufuna wamba" anayamba anachita mu ntchito ya Lenin "Mayevka chosintha proletariat" mu 1913. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 20, ndi Russian unali mu malo ovuta. Pa dzanja limodzi, iye anali kudutsa nthawi ya zachuma, kuwonjezeka mafakitale ndi kwa chaka anati, ali pakati kutsogolera mphamvu dziko pa mafakitale. Komabe, malo ake mayiko kunali kovuta chifukwa cha kulephera kwa Chirasha Japanese nkhondo imene dziko lathu walephera ndipo anataya mbali ya Sakhalin Island, chimene chinapangitsa kusakhutira anthu. Choncho, mawu akuti "makalasi chapamwamba simungathe, sindikufuna wamba," Lenin, mwina anafuna kusonyeza zinthu yomangika anthu ndi mabwalo chapamwamba mphamvu.

chiphunzitso

Mawu pamwamba kumagwirizana ndi chitukuko cha chiphunzitso chawo cha zinthu chosintha. Pa makonzedwe ake, kusintha n'chotheka otsatirawa milandu atatu: boma, boma sangathe kusamalira kachitidwe kakale, anthu ndi boma maganizo osatinso akufuna kuyanjananso ndi mavuto ake, ndipo potsiriza, pamene anthu amatha kulinganiza ndi kuchita massively motsutsana ndi dongosolo alipo. mfundo yakuti "makalasi chapamwamba simungathe, sindikufuna wamba" choonetsedwa ndi mlembi pa nkhani ya kukambirana za vuto chosintha ntchito zina, lakuti "The kugwa kwa II mayiko" (1915). Iyo inali nthawi yovuta m'mbiri ya dziko lathu, amene ankachita nawo nkhondo padziko lonse, zomwe zinachititsa kuti aggravation za moyo umoyo ndale kukula kwa amaganiza kutsutsidwa.

Pa vutoli

Lenin komanso anakonza kukhulupirira kuti zisinthe ndikofunikira kugwira pamavuto aakulu ndiponso boma. Pa nthawi iyi, mu maganizo ake, misa chiyenera kulinganizidwa chipani chosintha amene angatenge pa utsogoleri wa gululi. Malinga ndi iye, izi ndi zofunika zotengera malingaliridwe chofunika zokhumba bwino.

za chuma

Lenin ankakhulupirira kuti njira yokhayo yotulukira mavutowo amayenera kukhala kusintha bourgeois-demokalase. "... Zapamwamba, bottoms sindikufuna" - mawu amene ali mu mawonekedwe wothinikizidwa akufotokoza mfundo zofunika za ziphunzitso zake. Komabe, anakhulupirira kuti chifukwa zonsezi zinali zozama umoyo ndi zachuma maziko, ozika mizu mu maziko kupanga. Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 19, Lenin, mu angapo ntchito zake, ndipo makamaka mu buku lake "The Development wa bizinesi ku Russia", ananena kuti dziko lathu potsiriza anapanga capitalist akafuna kupanga. Malinga ndi iye, boma walowa mu gawo apamwamba a bizinesi - utsamunda limene limati Lenin anapita, za kufunika kwa kusintha zinthu. Mu pepala ichi, kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane msika mkati, gulu la ntchito ndi chofunika kupanga izi zinachititsa kuti pamapeto pake bizinesi. The zinthu ziliri, womwe ndi mavuto a boma ndi impoverishment anthu chifukwa cha ntchito yake, kwachititsa kuti "makalasi chapamwamba sindingakhoze, ndi wamba sindikufuna kuti 'ndi zokhazikika. Mu chochitika yamasika, wolemba anaona atichitira yaikulu ya kuthekera kwa zokhumba a.

Kuyerekezera ndi ziphunzitso zina

Tikumbukenso kuti Lenin ndi maganizo amenewa pa nthawi imene Russia zinakhalapo ndipo ena umoyo ndale malangizo, kapena chifukwa cha chitukuko cha dziko lathu. Mwachitsanzo, Narodniks ananena kuti bizinesi Sikuti chuma ufumu, ndi kukambirana za ubwino wa ulimi ang'ono-ang'ono. Lenin M'malo mwake, ankanena kuti bizinesi mosalephera, kuti mwachibadwa kusanduka kuchokera kupanga chofunika, amene nawonso, anauka kwa magawano chikhalidwe cha ntchito. Iye kwathunthu anatenga chiphunzitso Marxist a dongosolo zachuma, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mwambo wa mkangano wa magulu lapansi ndi ubwenzi kupanga patsogolo preconditions kuti zinthu zisinthe. Ndi mfundo imeneyi mwachidule kusonyeza akuti "makalasi chapamwamba simungathe, sindikufuna wamba."

Lenin ankayesa kutsimikiza kuti Russia ndi kucha mu mkhalidwe chosintha, ndipo kuti zisinthe n'zotheka pansi pa utsogoleri wa Bolshevik Party. chiphunzitso anali anazindikira ndi boma ndipo anawona mu sukulu, maphunziro a ku yunivesite.