Pericardium: chithunzi, kapangidwe, ntchito, matenda, mankhwala. Pericardium - ndi ...

Kodi timamva kuti munthu ali ndi mtima woipa, koma kawirikawiri amadziwa pangozi. Matenda okhudzana ndi dongosolo mtima, anapereka. Ndipo iwo onse ndisefukira matanthauzo bwinobwino terminology. Mwachitsanzo, pericardium. Kodi izo, kodi izo ili ndi zimene akuvutika?

Kodi pericardium?

Choyamba, muyenera kumvetsetsa zimene uli pangozi. Pericardium - ndi pericardium, omwe m'nyumba osati mtima komanso ziwiya pericardial. Mawu anadza mu mankhwala a Chigiriki. Tanthauzo lenileni - "padziko mtima." Madokotala ena kuyitana pericardium pericardial malaya. Ndipotu, ndi akunja zilonda za mtima wa minofu connective.

Malinga ndi kapangidwe zake pericardium - thumba chatsekedwa, amatikumbutsa mbewa zakufa truncated. Akuluakulu, maziko ake yopapatiza lagona pa kabowo, ndi pamwamba lonse zochokera akwera msempha. Thumba lonse wapangidwa ndi mapepala awiri, mmodzi amene ali parietal, kuti amatchedwa pericardium. The chachiwiri - ndi choipidwa ie epicardium.

Kapangidwe ka pawiri la pericardium lapansi. Apa zigawo ziwiri: serous mkati ndi kunja fibrous. wosanjikiza fibrous wapangidwa ndi wandiweyani fibrous minofu okuta mtima ndi kudutsa mu thunthu m'mapapo mwanga ndi m'mapapo mwanga mitsempha pakamwa. Serosal wosanjikiza tichipeza wandiweyani connective minofu, yokutidwa ndi epithelium squamous. The serosal minofu kutulutsa madzi enieni kudzaza kusiyana pakati pa mapepala a pericardium ndi epicardium. Izi lubricant zachilengedwe facilitates kukhululukirana. The pericardium wathanzi wamkulu munthu lili pafupifupi 25 ml ya madzi. Choncho, kapangidwe ndi chifukwa ntchito yokonza kuthamanga pericardium minofu ndi kuchita thandizo ntchito, amene kumathandiza kwambiri anatambasula za mtima. madzi mapepala lubricating ayeziyo kuchepetsa thupi.

Pericarditis. tanthauzo

Kuphwanya dongosolo ndi kugwira ntchito kwa pericardium imatchedwa pericarditis. Ndi yotupa ndondomeko kuti akupezeka zimakhala za sac pericardial. Chifukwa pericardium - mbali yofunika ya dongosolo wathanzi mtima, njira iliyonse pathological ndi oopsa kwa anthu.

Chifukwa kutupa mkati M'mimbamo pali kudzikundikira exudate madzi. Zimenezi zimabweretsa psinjika za mtima kuti kakutchinga ikukoka yachibadwa magazi. Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka exudate ndi mitundu iwiri. Zimakhala serous kapena purulent, malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha kugonjetsedwa kwa pericardium lapansi.

The vuto lalikulu la odwala kuti matenda ndi zovuta matenda. Mu matenda a mtima, madokotala kukhazikitsa matenda uno wokha mu 0.5% ya milandu. Komabe, powerengera, kuchokera pericarditis ifa kwa 5% ya mitima ya. Oposa 80% milandu amapezeka pambuyo autopsy lapansi.

Gawo Medical

Pericarditis ali m'magulu atatu waukulu. Matenda a pericardium ukhale wa khalidwe ndi matenda, kukhala aseptic kapena idiopathic.

Chifukwa cha pericarditis opatsirana akhoza kukhala TB, chinzonono, chindoko, kamwazi. Komanso kuganizira zochepa wamba zotupa bakiteriya, monga kolera, typhoid ndi matenda a anthrax.

Mawonetseredwe aseptic pericarditis khalidwe la matenda enaake ophwanya, m'mnyewa wamtima infarction, kung'ambika aneurysm. Komanso, chifukwa mwina zoopsa ndi opaleshoni. Monga zachilendo ngati izo zikumveka, koma monga kudwala bwino zimayamba ndi matenda extracardiac, monga chibayo, esophageal perforation ndi ena. Aseptic matenda pericardial akhozanso kukopeka ndi khansa magazi ndi zotupa zilonda ku ziwalo zina. Nthawi zina kutsogolera amakhala ziwengo mankhwala mankhwala cheza.

Idiopathic pericarditis analengedwa ndi losadziwika. Kupeza vuto n'zosatheka.

Development wa pericarditis (ndi matenda mawonekedwe)

Chophweka njira kudziwa pericarditis anakamba pa maziko a matenda ndi matenda. Pankhaniyi, zinayambitsa njira chitetezo m'thupi kulimbana mabakiteriya. Ndinakumana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pa zimakhala ndi ziwalo kumawonjezera permeability wa nembanemba mtima. Phula zimalimbikitsa zigawo za clotting magazi, afika kumbuyo sac pericardial. Kumasintha zikuchokera madzimadzi lubricating mu M'mimbamo thumba, akuphwanya minofu pericardial, lisanduke chilonda ndi. Gawo loyamba la matenda - youma pericarditis. The chachiwiri siteji - zomatira, limene pali adhesions ndipo amamuyambitsa timabala.

Zizindikiro za gawo loyamba

Kuwona dotolo, odwala pericarditis youma amadandaula kuwawa mtima. Ululu ndi makhalidwe awo:

1. Kuchokera pomwe linayamba mu maora pang'ono ululu umachuluka. Chikhalidwe ndi mphamvu ya kupweteka kwa pafupi ofooka kuti tikukumana nawo. Iwo akhoza monga obaya, wotentha kapena wopondereza anafotokoza.
2. zomverera chowawa uka kumbuyo sternum, mu armpit kumanzere, epigastric. Iwo anapereka mu khosi kapena chapamwamba nusu ndi m'mimba.
3. Ululu kumawonjezera pamene kupuma kwambiri, kuyesera kumeza chakudya kapena malovu, kutsokomola, gululi.
4. Ululu ndi kuchepetsedwa ngati unakhota patsogolo kapena pogona pa mbali lake lamanja ndi kukokera miyendo yanu wopindidwa.

Ndi zimasonyeza kuti ululu sakulabadira ku phwando "nitroglycerin", koma amachepetsa kuchokera othetsa ululu.

exudative

Monga matenda pericardial akufotokozera mkati pericardium ayamba kudziunjikira madzimadzi kapena mafinya. Pa nthawi imeneyi, pali malungo, kufupika kwa mpweya, chifuwa youma, zikayamba, hiccups, cyanosis ndi edema.

chithandizo

Malinga ndi mawonekedwe ndi zochita matenda, odwala Kwalamulidwa analgesics, mankhwala odana ndi yotupa ndiponso njira. Amasonyezanso ndi formulations magnesium ndi potaziyamu.

Pamene maantibayotiki anawonjezera purulent njira mode yosiyanasiyana ya utsogoleli. Izi zikhoza kukhala m'kamwa, mtsempha kapena catheter mu dera pericardial. Purulent exudate amafuna kuchotsa.

Nthawi zina, kusankha puncture pericardium. Pamene adhesions anafunika opaleshoni ya mtima.