Chingiz Aitmatov: yonena, zilandiridwenso, banja

Chingiz Torekulovich Aytmatov - wolemba, kulenga bukhu lanu mu zilankhulo ziwiri: Russian ndi Chikigizi. Koma ntchito za owerenga padziko lonse, monga iwo omwe anamasuliridwa m'zinenero zoposa zana.

wolemba uyu adatsikira ku mbiri ya mabuku Russian zaka zopitirira makumi asanu zapitazo, pamene wina ntchito kwambiri anzeru mabuku Soviet linasindikizidwa - nkhani "Jamila". Patapita anamasuliridwa m'zinenero zina. Tikhoza kunena kuti nthawi ya luso olemba Soviet inatha June 10, 2008, pamene moyo wapita Chingiz Aitmatov. Wambiri wanzeru wolemba - mutu wa nkhaniyi.

Mwana wa anazunzidwa Communist

Iye anabadwa mu 1928 ku Kyrgyzstan, m'dera lakumidzi akumidzi. Makolo Aitmatov ndi a m'badwo woyamba wa Chikomyunizimu, chimene chakhala pansi kupondereza mu mmasate mochedwa. Kumangidwa wakhala anapulumutsa ndi bambo a wolemba. Kenako, mu buku lake loyamba, zimasonyeza mmene zimenezi Chingiz Aitmatov.

The yonena za munthu uyu ndi chodabwitsa. Patapita zaka zambiri, ngakhale Aitmatov sakhulupirira kuti pokhala mwana wa khumi ndi zinai, iye akanakhoza kuchita ntchito ya Mlembi ailsoveta ndi kuthetsa mafunso okhudza mbali zosiyanasiyana za moyo wakumudzi. Ndi chiyambi cha nkhondo, wolembayo tsogolo anakwanitsa kumaliza makalasi zokha. Koma amuna onse anapita kutsogolo. M'midzi anali akazi ndi ana amene amayenera kukula Mosakhalitsa.

Chikigizi nugget

The ndondomeko chikhalidwe cha nyengo Soviet ndi zida lolamulira lamulo Kuthandizidwa ndi chitukuko cha mabuku dziko. N'zosadabwitsa kuti pulogalamuyi ndi kudziwa olemba luso maina awo anadzakhala kunja kwa dziko yaikulu. Imodzi mwa mayina awa - Chingiz Aitmatov. Wambiri ya munthu amene anabadwa m'mudzi Chikigizi ndi mwana wa mkaidi mu 1938 achikomyunizimu, sanathe kukhala mosangalala. Ndi tsoka ngati osati kovuta kuti wolemba kwambiri, komanso kupeza maphunziro. Koma m'nkhani ino tikukamba za pano nugget dziko. Anthu otere anabadwa kamodzi mu zaka zana.

mitu konsekonse

Akuti si yekha wolemba dziko Chingiz Aitmatov. mbiri yake - izo analankhula zochitika zomvetsa chisoni m'mbiri Soviet. Ndipo chifukwa cha buku mwa iye, zoyenera mitu konsekonse. Iwo ali pafupi osati okhala Kyrgyzstan, si okhawo amene amakhala m'dera la Soviet Union. Ntchito mwa wolemba ichi amatha kulowa mu moyo wa aliyense mosaganizira dziko.

Chikigizi Wolemba Russian prose

Zilandiridwenso wa Chingiz Aitmatov n'zosadabwitsa amaganiza ndi ntchito za olemba mabuku Russian monga Valentin Rasputin ndi Viktor Astafjevs. Mu mabuku a alembi amenewa anaona nkhani wamba: machulukitsidwe, mafanizo, ndi anasiya ndichiyembekezo zokomera. Ndipo zikuoneka zachilendo kuti m'malo amenewa nkhani "The White Sitima" anaphatikizidwa maphunziro a kusukulu ndi kale makumi asanu ndi awiri a.

Bambo wa wolemba, monga zanenedwa, anali munthu wotchuka Chikigizi chipani ntchito, anazunzidwa mu 1938. A makamaka n'zosadabwitsa chifukwa zikuoneka moyo moyo Chingiz Aitmatov. Wambiri ndi ntchito ya munthu uyu unakhazikitsidwa mu nthawi yovuta, koma ngakhale kuti, kale mu 1952 nayamba kulalikira ntchito yake yoyamba mu dziko.

"Jamila"

Pambuyo Institute ulimi, anagwira ntchito kwa zaka zitatu katswiri waukulu ziweto ku Institute ndi Research wa Animal ulimi. Ndiyeno panali maphunziro apamwamba mabuku pa Institute. Gorky. Ndipo atatsiriza maphunziro awo anatha kusindikiza koyamba wotchuka ntchito yake Chingiz Aitmatov. Photos wa protagonist mu filimu, anajambula pa buku ndi Chikigizi wolemba, Tingaone m'nkhani ino. Ndi za mankhwala "Jamila". nkhani chinalengedwa mpanda wa malo ogona pa Tverskoy Boulevard. Iwo wakhala chokhudza moyo wa Chingiz Aitmatov, monga anam'bweretsera kutchuka osati kunyumba komanso kunja. Buku linamasuliridwa m'zinenero zonse European, ndi pa maalumali wa Mabukunso ku Paris, iye anaonekera chifukwa cha ntchito ya Lui Aragona.

"Jamila" - nkhani ya mtsikana amene koyamba, zikulumikizana mogwirizana ndi mfundo Union. Aitmatov heroine akuswa ndi makolo akale kuti muyambe yowala moyo watsopano. Komabe, bukuli ndi nkhani zomvetsa chisoni kwambiri ndi chikondi. The Tinganenenso chimodzimodzi za ntchito "popula wanga mu mpango wofiira."

Inasanduka osapita m'mbali nkhani "Mphunzitsi Choyamba", imene zoopsa za nkhanza za makolo akale akuonetsedwa Chingiz Aitmatov. Photos pa m'ndandanda wa yemweyo filimu Andrei Mikhalkov-Konchalovsky ndi anapereka m'munsimu. Dzina Chikigizi wolemba bingu kudutsa dziko, pamene iye anali asanakhale makumi anai.

"Amayi Field"

Mu 1963 anafalitsa nkhani ina pansi pamtima zimene zinachitikira mayi ake amene anataya ana awo. Wolemba Chingiz Aitmatov ankadziwa moyo yaikulu ya akazi panthawi ya nkhondo. Komanso, iye anadziwa mavuto moyo wakumudzi yekha. Koma pamene kuwerenga nkhani "Amayi Field" komabe zikuwoneka n'zosadabwitsa kuti adalenga munthu. Ndi kudalilika wosiyana ndi kuwawa iye amapereka malingaliro mkazi wina amene ana sanabwerere ku kutsogolo. Mu ntchito iyi, palibe pathos kukonda dziko. Izo siziri za chigonjetso chachikulu, koma chisoni cha mwamuna wamng'ono - mkazi amene wapeza mphamvu yekha mu chikondi chake. Ngakhale pamene akufa mwamuna wake ndi ana atatu, ndi mtima wake wachikondi ndi wachifundo kwa mwana wina.

ambiri prose

Kodi kale za munthu wotchedwa Chingiz Aitmatov? Wambiri, banja, moyo wa munthu ndi inextricably zogwirizana ntchito yake zolembalemba. Amadziwika kuti chuma wolemba odziwika padziko lonse sichipezeka. Pambuyo pa imfa ya nyumba anatsala, imene chinthu chofunika kwambiri - ntchito mabuku ndi mphoto Aitmatov. Onse wolemba zasungidwa padera mu maphunziro a ana awo. Wolemba Chingiz Aitmatov, amene yonena ndithu zimaonekera mabuku ake ali ndi nkhawa kwambiri ndi maganizo ndi mfundo banja. Ndipo mu funso ili yovuta kuwerenga ntchito zimene anam'bweretsera kutchuka lonse.

Iye anapita ku prose chachikulu wautali kwambiri. Woyamba buku otchuka moona anali tinachita "Tsiku Akhala Zoposa zaka zana". Buku lochokera pansi pa mtima inafalitsidwa mu 1980. Ndi za chikondi ndi mavuto, chimwemwe ndi ululu. Mu buku, mlembiyu lakwaniritsa katswiri woona. Atalemba bukuli Aitmatov anakhala moyenerera anati nzeru ano. Zitsanzo za anthu otchulidwa wake woyambitsa buku la "The Tsiku Akhala Zoposa zaka zana" anapitirira ndi lodalirika amenewa ndi ululu oona mtima, zikuoneka kuti ankadziwa mmene munthu amene akudwala ulamuliro wankhanza ndi wakonda imfa kuswa ndi mkazi wake ndi ana.

ndakatulo prose

Pa nthawi imene gulu anatulutsa buku loyamba, kumbuyo Aitmatov anali kale lofalitsidwa ntchito monga "The White Sitima", "mabanga Dog Kuthamanga pa Kudera la nyanja" ndi zina zotero. D. Ndipo, ngakhale kuti wolemba ntchito kuti chimodzi cha oimira Kuzindikira zokomera, m'buku lake, pali ndakatulo zapadera. Mosamala anamanga mawu ndi wopanda ntchito mfundo zimene analenga Chingiz Aitmatov.

Wambiri, mwachidule zomwe walembedwa m'nkhani chimakwirira yekha chochitika chachikulu. Zingaoneke kuti ntchito wolembayo zinali zophweka kwambiri. Komabe, wonyenga, chifukwa aliyense wa ntchito zawo Aitmatov anali yaitali chowawa msewu.

Soviet bestseller

The ntchito lapadera kwambiri Aitmatov anamukwiyira lofalitsidwa mu 1986. "scaffold." Mu buku lino, wolemba analankhula kwa nthawi yoyamba kuti poyamba inali nkhani kutseka: za chikhulupiriro, kumwa ndi chiwawa, lomwe kale idaleka kudabwa anthu. Chitulutsireni ntchito pafupifupi chiwerengero cha milungu zolembalemba linali lofika Chingiz Torekulovich Aytmatov.

Mwachidule yonena za wolemba kumaphatikizapo bwino mwamsanga m'buku lakuti, umene masitolo anali ulesi mu queues yaitali. "Akuigwiritsa chipika" wadutsa kuchokera ku dzanja m'manja. Kulankhula za iliyonse. Buku Aitmatov anakhala bestseller.

Palibe ntchito wotsatira wa wolemba analibe bwino ofanana. Ndipo si kuti zinaipa, ndi kusintha zimene zimachititsa kuti zachitika pakati pa anthu. Choyamba owerenga Plachý "anali oimira lothandiza kucheza zimene mabuku anali ndi tanthauzo lapadera. ntchito wotsatira ndiribe anasangalala chotero kupambana lonse. Ndipo m'malo za umphawi wauzimu wa anthu masiku ano, amene analandira magazini kupatulako Mbali zosangalatsa.

Ndi nthawi pambuyo Soviet ntchito Aitmatova monga ntchito monga "Brand Cassandra", "White Mtambo Chingiz Hana", "mu Childhood Kirghizia" "Pamene phiri kugwa."

Mu 2006, pamodzi ndi mtima umodzi wolemba anakhazikitsa maziko lachifundo, amene ntchito kwambiri za chitukuko ndi kufalitsa chinenero cha Chirasha m'mayiko kale Soviet Union.

moyo

Mkazi Wake choyamba, mlembi anali mtsikana amene anadzakhala choyenera dokotala Kyrgyzstan. Dzinache akhali Kerez Shamshibaeva. Asanafe, mkazi anapatsa ana ake, kuti amalemekeza bambo ake. Ana anasunga lonjezo imene mayi. Aitmatov Koma malinga ndi abwenzi ndi okondedwa kufikira m'masiku otsiriza a moyo wake kumakunenani yekha amene anachoka Kerez. Wolemba anamusiyira mkazi wina pamene iye anali pa pachimake kutchuka. The mkazi wachiwiri wa wolembayo - Maria Urmatova, amene Aitmatov anali ndi mwana wamkazi ndi mwana wamwamuna.

buku Unknown

Pambuyo pa imfa ya banja wolemba atapeza mpukutu ntchito ya mu ofesi yake, amene poyamba sanali kudziwa. buku la laperekedwa kwa zochitika za yomanga Chu Ngalande. The mbali yaikulu - mmodzi wa omangawo. mwana Aitmatov a adafotokoza kuti kufalitsa ntchitoyi wolemba sanayese n'komwe, chifukwa anali omasulidwa kwambiri chifukwa nthawi yake. Koma achibale ndikuyembekeza kuti posachedwapa kudzakhala kotheka kusindikiza ndi alitanthauzire.

Aitmatov ndi mafilimu a kanema

Chotengeka ndi ntchito ya wolemba mabuku zoweta amadziwa bwino. Anakhala phunziro la ndi phunziro la nkhani zosiyanasiyana. Koma mofanana amphamvu ndi kukopa kwake pa mafilimu a kanema. Ntchito za Aitmatov izo anajambula kwambiri mafilimu. Wotchuka wa iwo:

• "Pass".
• "Mphunzitsi Choyamba".
• "Jamila".
• "Amayi Field".
• "The White Sitima".
• "Buran asiye".
• "Tsalani bwino, Gulsary!".

Mu 2008, ku anapereka, kumene ntchito zinachitikadi pa filimu mu ochokera m'buku la "The Tsiku Akhala Zoposa zaka zana", wolemba m'chipatala. Mu Aitmatov pachimake chibayo anapezeka. Kenako kunditumiza ku umodzi wa chipatala Nuremberg. Chingiz Aitmatov anafa Germany, ndipo anaikidwa m'manda pafupi ndi likulu Chikigizi, mu mbiri-chikumbutso zovuta "Ata-Beyit".

ntchito Aitmatov unali wotchuka ndi mphoto zambiri, koma chopindula chake chachikulu chinali chikondi owerenga. Pa maliro a mabuku otchuka a ku Russia ndi Chikigizi anasonkhanitsa anthu ambiri moti khamu pafupifupi inasanduka tsoka ndi. Mu May 2008, wolemba anakonza atapereka kwa Nobel Prize. Iwo mwatsoka analibe nthawi Aitmatov.