Chidule "Abale Karamazov" - ntchito yaikulu ya FM Dostoevsky

FM Dostoevsky "Abale Karamazov", mwachidule ... The woyamba buku mizere kuyamba ndi epigraph kuti: "Indetu, indetu, ndinena kwa inu, ngati mbewu ya tirigu igwera mu nthaka ndi kufa, imangokhala basi; koma ngati ifa, ibala chipatso chambiri (Yohane Gospel). " Ndi mawu awa zikumveka lingaliro ntchito zofunika. Kodi chiyani? dziko - zimativuta komanso mgwirizano wa zotsutsana awiri. Kodi nthawi zonse imfa - zoipa? Nthawizonse pali kuwala woyera? Kaya nkhondo n'kofunika? Akuvutika zofunika? Kuti pali moyo nkhondoyi? Mulungu ali mu nkhondoyi? Ndipo ngati iye ali? Mafunso amenewa ndi ena kuwerenga mu malo, zochita mawu, mawonekedwe waukulu ... Chidule cha nkhaniyi: "Abale Karamazov"

buku la amayikidwa mu yaing'ono m'tauni Skotoprigonevske mu 70s kwa zaka za m'ma 19. Pa tsamba loyamba tikuchita mu obisika mu obisika mkulu Zosima, amene amadziwika kwanuko munthu wolungama ndi mchiritsi. Namolennoe malo akukhala gawo limene zilembo zazikulu akupita. wolemba anayambitsanso mwatsatanetsatane ndi aliyense wa iwo, mophiphiritsa kuyembekeza zochitika wotsatira zomvetsa chisoni.

Fyodor Pavlovich Karamazov - atate wa banja lalikulu, munthu wosadziletsa, ena, wamphamvu wadyera ndi wankhanza kwambiri. Kwambiri, nthawi zina zoopsa ludzu mphamvu, zapadziko zosangalatsa ndi zisangalalo mmenemo erases mzere onse wogwila pakati pa chabwino ndi choipa, wawononga makhalidwe wosatha. Ndipo iye anataya mlongo, ulusi zauzimu zimene zikugwirizana iye ndi ana.

Mwana wamkulu wa Dmitri Karamazov - mwamuna ndi mosadziletsa chilakolako chake, ngati pendulum ndi, akuponyera ngakhale wina ndi mzake. Iye ali woona, kukonzekera ntchito wowolowa manja ndipo nthawi yomweyo akhoza kukhala wankhanza kwambiri ndi opanda chifundo. moyo wake amayesetsa kukonda, kuwala, chikhulupiriro chozama, ndipo tsiku lililonse apatsa yekha kuti kugwira moyo wachisokonezo za kuledzera ndi chitayiko. Koma mphamvu yosokoneza kusinthasintha kwa pendulum wake, kotero lalikulu ndi unmanageable, kuti mphamvu kulenga ndi kusandulika yomweyo mu zowononga. Izi otchedwa mowiriza "Karamazov" mphamvu, amene ali kumlingo tinatengera kwa atate wake, Fyodor Pavlovich, aliyense wa ana ake.

Ivan Karamazov - pakati mwana, kunja bata, wolimba mtima, zomveka soaping. Koma pali othamanga chilakolako ndipo sasiya kulimbana pakati pa chikhulupiriro ndi kulibe Mulungu. Koyamba, ndi m'malo chidwi chete osati ophunzira yogwira mu sewero kudzakwaniritsa. Koma kuganiza izi ndi wonyenga. acquiescence wake zinali zofunika, anali weniweni wakupha .... Koma tiyeni patsogolo pa tokha.

Kupitiriza kufotokoza mwachidule "Abale Karamazov", kumbuyo kwa mwana wamng'ono wa Fyodor Pavlovich, amene, monga mwa Dostoevsky, ndi munthu chachikulu. Alyosha Karamazov - lachitatu, wamng'ono mwana - ndi novice mu Zosima, oona mtima, kwambiri achipembedzo mnyamata amene ali kufufuza zonse choonadi ndi chiyanjano. Zinali kugonjera kwake, banja anasonkhana obisika pa mkuluyo, kulola inflaming mkangano chuma pakati pa bambo ndi mchimwene.

Kodi pa zilakolako anthu? Chikhumbo aukali kuti pano. Ndi kwambiri moti munthu alola kupita miyeso kwambiri basi kuti mukagonane. Iwo anali mu malo a munthu kapena chinthu amaona yekha osangalala. Monga nkhondo chimwemwe kumachitika pakati Dimitri ndi makolo ake. Pa mtengo ndi zikwi zitatu rubles ndi wokongola Grushenka, ndiwo onse kwambiri mu chikondi. Agulupa pa chiyanjanitso mkulu zimachokeradi. M'malo mwake, izo zonse itha choyalutsa.

Zosima, powona kupyolera mu maso a Mulungu, moyo wa munthu, amapereka aliyense anatsanzikana. Pamaso Dmitri iye agwada pansi, chikondi chenicheni mavuto m'tsogolo ndi ululu umene anayenera kupita mpaka kuyeretsedwa. Ivan, iye amatidalitsa mwanzeru kuona kuti funso mu mtima wake silinakwaniritsidwe mwake. Fyodor Pavlovich, akunena kuti buffoonery lake likuchokera basi chifukwa chakuti iye ndi manyazi yekha. Ndipo Alyosha chilango tsopano ndi abale ndi bambo ake.

Onse lotuluka mu Skotoprigonevske kudzifutukula zingapo. Zinditsata wina ndi mnzake: anasiya mawu anakwiya, zochita totupa, kuwonjezeka chakukhosi. Iwo ali ngati mphepo yamkuntho, zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira ndi mphindi iliyonse likadutsa, analanda panjira ndi onse, ndi wakuda, wokonzeka kuti atsitse ndi kuononga padziko lonse. Munthu akafa, ndi munthu amene adzaima ....

Wotchedwa Dmitry kunadetsa udzafunidwa ndalama bambo ake. Tsiku lililonse latsopano chidani ndi nsanje kwambiri. Iye amatiyang'ana usana ndi usiku wokondedwa Grushenka ndi atate wake kunyumba, ngati kuti, kunyengedwa ndi ndalama Fyodor Pavlovich, angayerekeze kubwera kwa iye. Zimakhala Muzisamala kwambiri, ndipo mu nawo ukali ndi kusimidwa, makolo kumenya. Koma mu moyo wake wabisika chinsinsi china, ndi chamanyazi - Iye analilumpha anthu ena zikwi zitatu ndi Grushenka pa alendo m'mudzi wa M'madzi. Ndipo ndinam'patsa ndalama Katerina Ivanovna, mkwatibwi wake ofunda kutumiza mlongo wawo mu Moscow. A manyazi yaikulu ndi mlandu pamaso pa mtsikana wa tchimo lake, apereke, chikondi mnzake kumukankha iye kutenga sitepe wosimidwa.

Ivan mwachinsinsi mu chikondi ndi mkwatibwi wotchedwa Dmitry. Tsiku lililonse amakhala "pafupi chisauko" ndi amatipeza plunges mu moyo wake adzazunzidwa, pamene pali kulimbana pakati pa kukhulupirika ft mkwati ndi mtima wonse kwa iye, Ivan. Tsiku lililonse akungoyang'ana olamulirawo undisguised bambo ake, omwe ali okonzeka kusinthitsa onse, bola mpaka mapeto a moyo wake mu nyansi. Tsiku lililonse amakhala womvera unwitting kwambiri zoipa, otsika Smerdiakov kulingalira, amene akuyembekezeka chifukwa cha mwana wapathengo wa Karamazov ndi Kunkapezekanso Lizaveta. Iye amamva komanso kunyansidwa amadziwa kuti mawu lackey kuti ena alipo pati ndi malingaliro ake. Chirichonse amaloledwa kapena ayi? Kodi inu mukukhulupirira Mulungu ndi mzimu umene sufa, osati onse, koma ngati ... Choncho, aliyense amasankha mmene bwino ndi omasuka m'dziko lapansi.

Mukukayika, iye analemba ndakatulo wake "The Grand Inquisitor" imene zikutipatsa mafunso ofunika: kuvomereza Mulungu ndi kukana dziko Mulungu, ndi chilungamo, kufunafuna ulemu ndi chiyani mogwirizana Mulungu woona, kodi pali kusiyana pakati pa anthu azisangalala ndi oona. Kukwaniritsidwa kwake "mkuntho" wobwezera kukambirana otsiriza ndi Smerdyakov, imene yamasika anamulangiza kuti achoke mu mzindawo kwa masiku angapo, pa kutalika ankatanthauza kuti analibe bambo akhoza kuchitika kulikonse. Ivan anakwiya, komabe chidwi ndipo wavomera ...

Alyosha, izi ndi kulamulira kwa akulu ndi mwini mtima wachikondi awo, amalankhula, kuphunzitsa ndi amayesetsa kuthandiza aliyense. Iye amaona chisokonezo mtima aliyense, iye akungoyang'ana izi nkhanza wosatha ndi osalabadira, iye mboni ndi wosatha nkhondo pakati pa makhalidwe abwino ndi tchimo limene munthu zambiri amasankha kugwa kuphompho, komanso maganizo ake, nayenso, pali njakata. Panthawi imeneyi, mkulu Zosima afa. Padziko pali chiyembekezo zina za chozizwitsa pambuyo pa imfa yake, koma m'malo fungo ankayembekezera kuwola amapezeka. Alyosha osokonezeka. miyala zambiri popita ku Choonadi, kuti kugogoda ndipo akufuna kuwononga ....

Tapsa mtima, mkuntho sag akhala apotheosis imfa ya Fyodor Pavlovich Karamazov. wakupha ndi ndani? Khalani a zochitika ndi mfundo kutsutsana ndi mwana wamkulu. Iye anamangidwa. Court akuyamba. Wotchedwa Dmitry - ndi libertine, wabodza, wakumwaimwa ndi ndewu, koma si chakupha. Smerdyakov, Ivan anazindikira kupha bambo ake ndi likufotokozanso m'mene izi zinachitika, ndi kuchenjeza kuti iye, Ivan, anali kudzoza wake, ndipo panali upandu zoopsa ndi chilolezo chinsinsi. Ivan wosimidwa. Pa dzanja limodzi, sikuti iye kuvomereza zolakwa, Komano, chikumbumtima limafotokoza zosiyana. Iye akufuna kupita ku khothi ndi nkhani za momwe izo zonse anaukitsidwadi. Smerdyakov, anakhumudwa ndi iye, mu malingaliro ake za kulekerera, kum'patsa ndalama zinabedwa, ndipo anakodwa mmwamba. Ivan mu kutentha anawatengera kukhothi ndi anavomereza thandizo ake upandu, "Lackey anaphedwa, ndipo ine ndaphunzitsa."

Katherine afika osaneneka yovuta kalata otsiriza uthenga wotchedwa Dmitry ake, amene analemba nkhani zokhudza cholinga chake chofuna kupha bambo wake ndi kutenga ndalamazo chifukwa iye. Ichi chimakhala chidutswa chifungulo cha umboni. Choncho amapulumutsa Ivan ndi wotchedwa Dmitry amapha, nthenda ya mtima wake, chimene iye analonjeza chikondi chosatha, ngakhale zonse ... Kumaliza kufotokoza mwachidule "Abale Karamazov", timafika chomaliza, chimodzimodzi ophiphiritsa powonekera - maliro a mnyamata Ilyushenka Snegirev. Pa maliro a Alyosha amalimbikitsa omvera kukonda moyo, kuyamikira mphindi zabwino, kukhala okoma mtima ndi woona mtima ....

"Abale Karamazov": Mwachidule, mapeto

Pa mapeto a msewu inu nthawi zonse ndikufuna kubwerera ku chiyambi ndi kukumbukira mmene onse anayamba .... Kufika pa za "Chidule" Abale Karamazov ", tidangokocheza pa epigraph lapansi. Pomaliza, tifuna ndithudi kubwerera kwa iye, "Indetu, indetu, ndinena kwa inu, ngati mbewu ya tirigu igwera mu nthaka ndi kufa, imangokhala basi; koma ngati ifa, ibala chipatso chambiri (Yohane Gospel). " "Mbewu ya tirigu" nagwa pansi. Ambiri a iwo akhala wosweka, mbamuikha m'matopemo ndi kuwonongedwa, koma ndiye "imfa", kugwa kwawo, mavuto ndi masautso adzabweretsa "chipatso chambiri" - kuyeretsa ndi chikondi wauzimu ....