Fluke Siberia mphaka: kufotokoza, mayendedwe amoyo ndi mankhwala

Padziko Lapansi, pali anthu oposa 21 miliyoni ali ndi kachilombo ku Siberia mphaka fluke. Anthu oposa theka la chiwerengero cha moyo kachilombo mu malo pambuyo Soviet, kuphatikizapo mu Russia ndi Ukraine. Misa chiwonongeko Ndi mmene kwa anthu a dera Siberia ndi malo Dnieper. Kodi tizilombo ndi momwe kupewa matenda? Ndipo Chofunika, kodi kuchotsa "alendo osafunika".

kufotokoza mwa chidule

Medicine salembedwa anagawa majeremusi m'thupi la munthu mu mitundu itatu. Ichi ndi tepi ndi mphutsi chonse, ndi flukes. Fluke ndi subspecies wa ku Siberia Lancet fluke, mwachitsanzo lathyathyathya trematode (fluke). The Latin dzina la tiziromboti ichi - felineus Opisthorchis ndi Opisthorchis viverrini. Small chiwindi tiziromboti amachititsa matenda opisthorchiasis anthu ndi nyama, zomwe zimakhudza ducts a chiwindi, ndulu ndi kapamba.

Siberia mphaka fluke ali lanceolate. tiziromboti kutalika si upambana 18 mm, ndipo m'lifupi - 2 mm. Mu mkombero moyo yokhudza awiri wapakatikati khamu. Mwini chomaliza cha fluke mwina munthu kapena carnivore.

History of anapeza

Dzina "Siberia fluke" anagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba mu April 1891 mu mzinda wa Tomsk. Professor Vinogradov anachita autopsy ndi opezeka m'chiwindi mitundu osadziwika wa fluke. Patapita nthawi, uthenga unafika kuti tiziromboti wafotokozedwapo, koma anapezeka mu chiwindi a mphaka akufa. Komabe, asayansi wochititsa autopsy sanathe kudziwa mtundu wa fluke.

Bwino systematized ndipo anafotokoza tiziromboti katswiri Blanchard. Izi zinachitika mu 1885. otchedwa "mphaka fluke" ankagwiritsa ntchito nthawi imeneyi. matenda anandiyitana opistorhoz.

Pofuna kudziwa tanthauzo zachipatala ya fluke Siberia mu kufanana m'mayiko osiyanasiyana ntchito asayansi ambiri otchuka. Mwachitsanzo, pa umboni wakuti opisthorchiasis kugwirizana ndi kumwa nsomba madzi oyera, panatenga pafupifupi zaka 10. Komanso atapereka maganizo osiyanasiyana pa woyamba wapakatikati khamu la tiziromboti lapansi. umboni Experimental wa nkhono gastropod ali Hans Vogel. A wasayansi Russian Starobogatov anapeza kuti mtundu uwu wa nkhono Codiella.

Kodi wamba opisthorchiasis?

Siberia fluke choikidwa kwa subspecies trematodes Opisthorchis viverrini, ambiri kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia. Izo zimayambitsa opisthorchiasis mwa anthu ndi alendo a Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, ndipo Vietnam. Nthawi zina milandu zinalembedwa mu Europe ndi America. Onse chikugwirizana ndi mwa kundipatsako kwa nsomba zakhudzana.

Siberia fluke choikidwa kwa subspecies trematodes Opisthorchis felineus, ndi ambiri m'mayiko pambuyo Soviet. Izo zimayambitsa zotupa opisthorchiasis mu Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, pamodzi mabeseni lalikulu mtsinje. Kuchuluka pazipita amapezeka pambuyo pake pa ob ndi Irtysh mitsinje. Ndi kachilombo mabeseni ndi tiziromboti wa Volga, Urals, Kama, Don, Dnieper, Dvina, ndi zina zotero.

Kodi causative wothandizila

Chiwindi fluke mkombero Siberia fluke moyo umene chikuchitika mu thupi eni angapo, amatha kukulitsa kokha pafupi madzi. Kuyambira mkombero chitukuko woyamba wapakatikati khamu lake, ndiwo madzi oyera nkhono-bitiniidy. Amatanthauza ngale izi Codiella akale. Ndiwotani malo zolengedwa zamoyo - ephemeral osaya madzi mu floodplains. Gastropod kumeza Siberia fluke dzira kuchokera madzi kusukulutsa limene ndowe anali yotsiriza khamu. Kwa miyezi iwiri mu thupi la mollusc tiziromboti otembenuka kuchokera mazira flukes.

Flukes fluke - bisexual ufulu kusambira larva ndi mchira. Kusiya khamu choyamba, mphutsi umalowa mu minofu ya nsomba carp. Apa pakubwera gawo lotsatira la chitukuko cha flukes mu metatsekary. The larva tsopano zosafunika amatayira mchira, ndi kutitengera padziko pachokha ndi zoteteza kapisozi chipolopolo - cysts. Mkati kapisozi pa larva amakhalabe yam'manja. Kuchokera pamene adalowa thupi la nsomba carp, mpaka luso kupatsira anthu ndi carnivores limatenga masabata asanu. Only pa siteji metatsikariya tiziromboti ungazame thupi.

Mwini lenileni la Fluke ndi munthu kapena nyama iliyonse amene ankadya nsomba infestation. Kubweretsa koyamba yaing'ono intestine, metatsikarii tichotse cysts ndi kudutsa mu ducts ya ndulu, ndulu ndi chiwindi.

Kodi inu kachilomboko

Siberia fluke ukufika pamsinkhu wobereka mu thupi la khamu komaliza kwa masiku 10-14. Kuyambira nthawi limayamba dzira kuika, amene ndowe anabwerera ku chilengedwe. Ngati mazira anamenya pansi, ndiye iwo adzafa mu masiku 8-10. Pamene madzi, ndiye adzakhala yotheka kwa pafupifupi chaka. Pomaliza, gulu opisthorchis moyo mpaka 20 - 30 zaka.

Kuzungulira kotsatira wa ku Siberia fluke mkombero moyo umayamba ndi tsiku pamene gastropod latsopano ndi madzi ndi matope kumeza mazira a tiziromboti lapansi. bwalo wankhanza siitha mpaka munthu adzadya mopepuka mchere, theka zophikidwa kapena zouma kwa madzi oyera.

Zizindikiro Opisthorchiasis anthu

Opisthorchiasis nthawi yaitali akufotokozera popanda zizindikiro. zizindikiro zonse za matenda kugwirizana ndi makina ndi matupi awo sagwirizana zochita fluke. Chifuwa chifukwa opisthorchis muli. A amadza makina kugwirizana ndi makoma kuvulala ritsa, omwe amagwira kwa mouthparts ndi ventral sucker helminths. Komanso, kudzikundikira kovuta ya ndulu trematodes panopa, kuchititsa kutupa.

The makulitsidwe nyengo opisthorchiasis - osati yoposa masabata atatu. Komanso, kutentha kukwera, ndi ululu minofu ndi mafupa, ayamba kusanza ndi kutsekula m'mimba. Wodwala ali ndi chiwindi ndi ndulu zikuluzikulu, padzakhala ululu ziwalo zimenezi.

Zizindikiro zingasiyane malingana siteji ya opisthorchiasis. Mu gawo pachimake cha thupi lawo siligwirizana amachuluka. Mu siteji aakulu - mawotchi kuwonongeka kwa duodenum ndi chiwindi, kuchititsa ululu.

Zizindikiro mu amphaka opisthorchiasis

Pa siteji koyamba helminthiasis timvetsetsa kuti Pet akudwala kuli kovuta. Monga matenda ili m'kati mphaka kuonda, tsitsi amakhala disheveled ndi wosaoneka, zikopa mucous ndi khungu ndi icteric. Komanso, pali kudzimbidwa kapena m'mimba, ndi kusanza. Belly amphaka kumawonjezera, pali ululu ndi nkhawa pa palpation chiwindi.

Siberia fluke: Chithandizo

Kutsimikiza opisthorchiasis, kufufuza ndowe ndi nkhani mmatumbo wodwalayo. Komanso adzaika endoscopy, X-ray kapena ultrasound. Mankhwala bwino ntchito yokonzekera worming, kuti normalization wa kapepalako m'mimba ndi mankhwala patsogolo chitetezo chokwanira. Mu gawo pachimake, wodwalayo mwina tisonyezeni detoxification. chithandizo ndi desirably ikuchitika zinthu ambulatory.

Kuteteza opisthorchiasis

Kupewa kudetsedwa wa ku Siberia mphaka fluke, muyenera kuchita zina zofunika losavuta:

• Musagwiritse ntchito bwino ankachitira madzi oyera nsomba.
• Musati kudyetsa ziweto ndi zinyama nsomba zosaphika.
• Kodi si kuipitsanso amatunga ndowe.

Monga mukuonera, zonse ndi yosavuta. N'zotheka kukhala ndi thanzi, kukhala osamala ndi mosamala.