Buku wotchuka kwambiri mu dziko. Muyezo wa mabuku wotchuka kwambiri masiku ano

Buku loyamba anaonekera mu Russia pa chiyambi cha XVI atumwi, pamene chosindikizira woyamba Ivan Fedorov, mwa chisomo cha Metropolitan wa Kiev John anayamba ntchito "Mtumwi." bukuli anafuna kulambira ndipo lili Machitidwe mu Chipangano Chatsopano, Makalata a Atumwi, komanso mavesi alilluiarii Masalmo. maziko adayikapo typography.

zaka mazana asanu kuchokera buku la "Mtumwi", madzi zambiri unaturuka. Masiku ano makina osindikizira angasindikize masauzande mabuku ndi zithunzi zokongola zosiyanasiyana chimakwirira. Anthu ambiri akuyembekezera maonekedwe pa maalumali mabuku ankakonda ndi kumawombera iwo yomweyo. Ntchito ndi gwero lalikulu la chuma chauzimu wa munthu ano, ndi mlingo wa mabuku wotchuka kwambiri kuchuluka bwinobwino.

Ntchito ya mabuku

"The Russian mtundu - kuwerenga kwambiri dziko" - mawu a mmodzi wa referents wa CPSU Committee chapakati cha Culture (mwina mobwerezabwereza mwambi tingachipeze powerenga) anakhala chiphiphiritso a gawo lonse la Soviet Union. Kodi wolungama, osati kwa ife kuweruza. Komabe, mabuku Russian ali kwambiri mizu mbiri (XI m'ma BC. E.). Major zolembalemba katswiri, makamaka pamanja, tsopano anali mu Moscow, St. Petersburg ndiponso mizinda ina Russian. The zapamwamba za XVIII-XIX zaka aphatikizidwa pulogalamu maphunziro monga masukulu sekondale ndi yunivesite. Chekhov ndi Dostoevsky, Chernyshevsky ndi Griboyedov, makumi ndi mazana a olemba achititsa kuti chuma cha mabuku Russian. Ndipo ndi mabuku, mabuku, mabuku ...

Baibulo ndi "Capital"

Buku otchuka - Ndithu Baibulo, lomwe ndi mbali ya moyo anthu ambiri osati Russia komanso m'mayiko ambiri pa dziko lapansi. Si kale, "Capital" - wofunikila ntchito Karla Marksa wunika wa bizinesi - amadziwikanso ankaona magazini otchuka, chikufunika kuwerenga Soviet ntchito za chipani, komanso mamiliyoni ambiri mamembala wamba am'deramo za Party Communist la Soviet Union.

Kunena kuti ntchito ya Karla Marksa - buku otchuka kwambiri, angakhale Tambasula, chifukwa kutchuka ake anali ndi akapolo chifukwa mabodzawo pa TV. Chinthu chomwecho chinachitika ndi kope Mipikisano buku la ntchito V. I. Lenina - amangoika anagawira pansi kuti, ngakhale malonda ritelo analipo pansi pa mutu wa "Masabusikiripushoni".

Cha m'ma 50 ntchentche za buku msika wa Soviet Union panali vuto lalikulu: zoyenera kuchita ndi zolemba Stalin 18 mabuku, kupulinta wabwino, nsalu chivundikiro ndi lettering golide, mu makope 300 zikwi. Pambuyo makumi awiri Party Congress unachitikira mu 1956, ndipo Kutsutsa umunthu mpatuko wa mtsogoleri wa bukhu linali kopita. Zambiri anawonongedwa mu ng'anjo otsegula moto, ndi nthawi pang'ono kuti akhoza kupulumutsa lero ndi phindu m'chipani.

kope Russian

mabuku ambiri otchuka a lero mu Russia - ichi Kunena nkhani ya Bulgakov, makamaka osatha mwaluso "Master ndi Margarita", nkhani Chekhov ndi mabuku, kulenga Kuprin kaso ndiponso zobisika Zotengera za Gogol. Kenako panabwera ntchito kwambiri maganizo Dostoyevsky, Leskov ndi nthano zopeka, kukhudza nthano Bazhov ... The wotchuka kwambiri Russian buku kusamutsa kalekale.

maulendo zolembalemba m'mbiri ya Boris Akunin - ndi kuyandikira kwa tsiku lino, koma palibe ntchito zochepa wotchuka. Pakuti mafani wa anthu ofufuza mabuku a nkhani zopeka ndi ofalitsidwa Aleksandry Marininoy ndi Daria Dontsova, Tatyana Ustinova ndi Polina Dashkova. Wina ngati Apolisiwo nditaona, munthu molunjika nkhani, koma chimodzi - buku chidwi kuwerenga.

Apolisiwo

mabuku ambiri otchuka a masiku ano kuperekedwa monga wosangalatsa, espionage ndi ofufuza za ndale. Detective phale Russian mabuku zinthu zambiri ndipo zikuphatikizapo zinthu monga "Petrovka 38" ndi "Ogareva, 6" Juliana Semenov, "Nyengo Relief" Weiner abale "Hotel" Akufa climber "Strugackih abale. Komabe, Russian owerenga sasiya ndi ofufuza ndi ulendo mabuku olemba yachilendo. Books anazindikira powerenga ofufuza mtundu wanyimbo, wotchuka Artura Konan Doyle, ndipo tsopano kunyadira za malo pa maalumali mamiliyoni Russia.

Sherlock Holmes

Ulendo ofufuza Sherlock Holmes ndi bwenzi lake Dr. Watson - ichi inimitable katswiri, pamwamba pa mndandanda wa mabuku wotchuka kwambiri wa anthu ofufuza zopeka kwa zaka zambiri. Wolemba Artura Konan Doyle, pali mndandanda wina wa ntchito wodzipereka kwa mtsogoleri wa achifwamba, ndi Captain Sharkey. Nkhani zimenezi mulibe ofufuza chiyambi, iwo amatikumbutsa ulendo ndi zilandiridwenso Louis Bussenar, makamaka buku "The oba ya diamondi."

chikondi Books

Kuwonjezera pa ofufuza zopeka kwa wowerenga Russian ndi mabuku, novellas ndi nkhani zazifupi za chikondi. ziwembu Melodramatic, chikondi Triangles, chimwemwe ndi chisoni, ndi apotheosis chikondi ndi kugwa kwake - izo zonse uko kulisindikiza.

ubale chakale chikondi kumaonekera mankhwala a "Eugene Onegin," buku Pushkin a "Master ndi Margarita" ndi Bulgakov, mu nkhani "Shulamith" Kuprin ndi ena ambiri. Buku yotchuka kwambiri ya chikondi angapezeke mu malaibulale ndi bookshops.

Vil'mont ndi Demidov

Olemba wotchuka kwambiri kulemba zamakono mutu wa chikondi - ndi Ekaterina Vilmont. mukhoza kusankha "Katangale madzi oyera" ku otsiriza Iye analemba kuti: "Munthu khomo chinsinsi", "Masking kuti woipa amene amabweretsa wa," "Ndi chovuta kukhala olimba mtima." Pa mlingo mofanana mlingo Vilmont luso ndi Svetlana Demidov (Lubenets). nkhani yake "banal Nkhani" ndi "The phale lonse wachifundo" ndi malangizo chobisika kwa atsikana wosadziwa. Ekateriny Vilmont ndi Svetlana Demidova ntchito ziri pa masitepe apamwamba a masanjidwe "10 pa mabuku otchuka kwambiri za chikondi."

zopeka

Polemba chinenero zopeka ndi ambiri ndithu mafani. Buku Strugatsky abale "Dziko la kapezi Mitambo", "msewu masanje", "Monday akuyamba Loweruka", "chovuta kukhala Mulungu" m'gulu la Fund mabuku Russian Golden. Sci-Fi wolemba Ivan Efremov ndi wolemba chabwino cha nkhani mu gawo zenizeni. ntchito zake wosafa "Nthawi ya ng'ombe," "The Lumo a Kudera," "Andromeda" ndikondwera m'badwo kuposa wina owerenga othokoza.

Alexander Belyaev, wolemba wa mphamvu zodabwitsa ndi kuya ntchito monga "The Amphibian Man", "Professor Dowell Mutu", "Air Wogulitsa," "Ariel", zaka makumi asanu zapitazi, simunataye phindu luso, ndi wina wa olemba otchuka .

mabuku ambiri otchuka (zopeka ndi yopeka) zinalembedwa mu zaka za m'ma otsiriza, olemba ambiri, koma kukumbukira moyo. Movies anawomberedwa pa ntchito za olemba nkhani yopeka, kutanthauzira zili mabuku mu njira zawo. Lotsogoleredwa ntchito zotsatira wapadera kuti kumapangitsanso kuona zinthu zochititsa, mwachizolowezi chiwembu filimuyo chimazungulira mtundu wina wa zochitika dziko. Kumene, mu bukhu, njira izi palibe, ndi owerenga ndi kulowa mafilimu a kanema, ndi patsikulo - amaona palibe litsatidwe. Ichi ndi matsenga mafilimu a kanema, koma ngati wotsogolera ndi chidwi kwambiri conjuncture, kuwerenga mabuku a chiwembu angakhudzidwe - bukuli ndi filimu adzakhala zomenyanazo.

mabuku Zongoganizira

A malo apadera pa bookshelves uliwonse buku nyumba kugwira zongopeka. polemba chinenero ichi amatikumbutsa yopeka, koma chinthu chofunika ndi osiyana - fabulousness, sanakhalepo ndi zodziwika siyana zabwino ndi zoipa. Monga ulamuliro, ntchito zimamangidwa pa ziwembu za nkhondo pakati pa mfiti zabwino ndi zoipa.

Wotchuka kwambiri buku zongopeka zinalembedwa kale, koma tcheru kuti iwo akupitiriza mosaletseka lero. Zithunzi chidwi kwambiri anaika mu Mabaibulo a Dzhoan Rouling a Garri Pottere, ntchito Dzhona Tolkiena, monga "Ambuye wa mphete" ndi "Ana a Hurin". Ntchito mabuku a mtundu wanyimbo zongopeka akhoza mulinso buku "Galimoto Bakuman" Aleksandra Grina, imene zinthu zachilendo kuchitika ndi kutha osangalala. Mu nkhani ya wolemba lomwelo "Chofiira matanga" alinso zinthu za Fairy-nthano, koma iwo ali chiyambi zopangidwa, monga Arthur Gray, anagwa mchikondi ndi Assol, adasoka matanga za silika chofiira paokha - iwo sizimaoneka matsenga monga izo zimachitika mu ntchito maloto. buku lakuti "The Chofiira matanga" akhoza zimachitika ndi "Fairy-nthano" gulu.

Buku wotchuka wapamwamba - ndi "Harry Muumbi" Dzhoan Roulling, amene ali mbali zonse za kalembedwe imeneyi. Mfundo imeneyi ndi chimodzi kutsutsa kupangidwa panthawi ya zokambirana pagulu la zinthu la wolemba.

Books achinyamata

m'zofalitsa kwambiri anafuna-mibadwo wamng'ono - ndi okhwima ndithu ntchito zachikhalidwe. Characteristically, anyamata ndi atsikana amatchedwa buku awo ankakonda mabuku kuyambira "The Prince Little" ndi Antoine Saint Exupery kuti "garnet chibangili" Kuprin. Pakati zokonda awa ndi ntchito za "Ambuye wa mphete" ndi Tolkien ndi "Alice mu ochititsa chidwi" ndi Lewis Carroll. Ibid, ndipo "chitsiru" Dostoevsky ndi "Dandelion Wine" ndi Ray Bradbury. "Arc de Triomphe" Erich Maria Remarque kumvetsetsa ndi kukonda atsikana zaka 15-16.

Ndithu Russian - kwambiri kuwerenga ku dziko. The mabuku wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa achinyamata ku mazanamazana, anyamata ndi atsikana kale agwidwa ndi agogo awo pa chiwerengero cha mabuku ndi asankha makolo.

mabuku yachilendo

Buku la American, British ndi French olemba, osati zochepa mu ankafuna mu Russia, kuposa ntchito za olemba Russian. Detective mtundu wanyimbo ndi France Zhorzh Simenon, amene ndi ngwazi za mabuku a Commissioner Maigret. Agata Kristi, kutumikira makamaka khalidwe panopa nkhani zawo, kuti zithunzi kudziwika kwa Hercule Poirot ndi Abiti Marple. Mabuku a Agatha Christie mukhoza kubetcherana pa chiwerengero cha mabuku ndi ntchito za Shakespeare ndipo ngakhale Baibulo. Edgar Allan Poe, wolemba American nkhani ofufuza, chapeza kutchuka chifukwa chotsatira cha "golide cholakwika".

Anthu olemba American, otsatira ambiri a Mitundu zina zimene sizikugwirizana ndi ofufuza mabuku. Choyamba, ichi ndi golide asanu olemba American, womwenso Ernest Hemingway, Dzhon Steynbek, Skott Fitsdzherald, Dzhon Apdayk ndi Uilyam Folkner. inawo imatengedwa kwabasi prose wolemba mu lonse United States mbiri m'mabuku. buku lake "The Sound ndi ukali", "Sartoris," "Kuwala mu August" anazindikira ntchito mlingo wapamwamba. Ndipo Snopes trilogy, wapangidwa atatu mabuku palokha kwathunthu "Hamlet", "City", "Nyumba", ndi nkhani ya kukambirana katchulidwe, otsutsa ndi atolankhani. Faulkner lotchuka kwambiri buku - buku "kachisi", umene kalembedwe ndipo zili zofanana ndi sewero la "Chilango" Dostoyevsky a.