Alexander Belyaev - ntchito zopeka ndi yonena

Mu 2014 m'pamene zaka 130 kuyambira pa kubadwa kwa otchuka Russian wolemba Alexander Romanovich Belyaev. Izi mlengi kwambiri ndi m'modzi wa omwe adayambitsa wa mtundu wanyimbo wa yopeka ku Soviet Union. Ngakhale masiku ano zikuoneka zosaneneka kuti munthu mu ntchito zake angasonyeze zinthu zimene zimachitika mwa zaka zochepa.

Zaka zoyambirira za Wolemba

Choncho, Alexander Belyaev ndani? The yonena za munthu uyu yosavuta wake ndi wapadera. Koma mosiyana ndi Mabaibulo a ntchito za wolemba, moyo wake wosalembedwa kwambiri.

Anabadwa Alexander Belyaev chachinayi mu March 1884 mu mzinda wa Smolensk. Banja la wansembe Orthodox ndi mwana mnyamata amamangirira amakonda nyimbo, photos, kukulitsa chidwi kuwerenga mabuku ulendo ndi kuphunzira zilankhulo.

Nditamaliza maphunziro pa kuumirira kwa seminare, mnyamata atate wake amasankha yekha njira lamulo, kodi ndi bwino bwino.

Njira yoyamba mabuku

Mumapezera ndalama pa ntchito malamulo, Alexander Belyaev anayamba kukhala ndi chidwi kwambiri pa ntchito zaluso, kuyenda ndi zisudzo. Iye u mwachangu ayendetsa ndi dramaturgy. Mu 1914, kuwonekera koyamba kugulu lake kusewera "Agogo Moira" linasindikizidwa mu "protalinki" magazini Moscow ana.

matenda sioneka

Mu 1919, tuberculous pleurisy inaimitsidwa zolinga ndi zochita za achinyamata. zaka zoposa zisanu yomenyera matenda Alexander Belyaev. Wolemba akuvutika kuthetseratu matenda ili m'kati mwakemo. Chifukwa chithandizo kulephera anayamba TB msana, zomwe zinachititsa kuti ziwalo za miyendo. Chifukwa, zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi iye anakhala mu bedi, wodwalayo zaka zitatu m'chikhakha. wamng'ono mkazi salabadira zina kugumula makhalidwe a wolemba. Nthawi imeneyi ndi salinso omasuka, achimwemwe ndiponso mokondwera dzina lake Aleksandr Belyaev. mbiri yake ndi zonse mphindi yoopsya ya moyo. Mu 1930, imfa ya zisanu ndi chimodzi mwana akale Luda, mwana wachiwiri Svetlana rickets wodwala. Against mmene zinthu izi kukula ndi matenda chimaoneka Belyaev.

Pa moyo wake, akulimbana ndi matenda ake, mwamuna anapeza mphamvu ndipo mutu wake kumizidwa mu kuphunzira mabuku, mbiri, zilankhulo ndi mankhwala.

Bwino yaitali

Mu 1925, pamene anali kukhala mu Moscow, ndi wolemba aspiring mabuku mu "Kugwira ntchito pepala" nkhani "Professor Dowell Mutu". Ndipo kuyambira kuti ntchito Aleksandra Belyaeva massively mu kudziwika pa nthawi magazini "World pathfinder", "Chidziwitso - mphamvu" ndi "Padziko Lonse".

Pamene anali ku Moscow, talente wamng'ono amalenga mabuku ambiri - "The Amphibian Man", "Munthu Last ku Atlantis", "Island Kulobzweka" ndi "Limba mu mlengalenga."

Komabe, mu Belyaev zachilendo lofalitsidwa nyuzipepala "mluzu" amene asiya chizindikiro awo, ndipo ngati olemba Soviet, ngati M. Bulgakov, EP Petrov, IA Ilf, VP Kataev, M. Zoshchenko.

Kenako, atasamukira ku Leningrad, anawamasulira buku la "Chozizwitsa Diso", "alimi m'madzi", "Master wa World", komanso nkhani ya "Anatulukira wa Professor Wagner," amene nsangala kuwerenga nzika zonse Soviet.

masiku otsiriza a moyo wa novelist

Pamene Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, Belyaev banja ankakhala mumzinda wa Leningrad, mzinda wa Pushkin, ndipo anali wotanganidwa. Chinafoka mthupi sindikanakhoza kupirira njala lowopsya. Mu January 1942, Aleksandra Belyaeva anali atapita. Native wolemba patapita kanthawi anali kutumizidwa ku Poland.

Mpaka lero, ikhala chinsinsi kumene anaikidwa Belyaev dzina lake Aleksandr, kanthawi yonena amene ali wodzala zonse kulimbana anthu moyo. Komabe, polemekeza wolemba aluso anali Pamwalawo chikumbutso Pushkin pa Kazan manda.

Roma "Ariel" ndi chilengedwe atsopano Belyaeva, inasindikizidwa ndi "olemba mabuku" asanamwalire.

"Moyo" atamwalira

Papita zaka 70 kuyambira Russian sanali yopeka, koma kukumbukira iye amakhala ku ntchito zake mpaka lero. Panthawiyo, Aleksandra Belyaeva zilandiridwenso pansi kutsutsa okhwima, nthawi zina anamva ndemanga onyoza. Komabe, lingaliro la nkhani yopeka zimene poyamba zinkaoneka chodabwitsa zosatheka mwasayansi, kenako anakopa kusintha ngakhale okayikira kwambiri idawumitsidwa.

Mlembi ntchito, ndipo masiku ano lofalitsidwa, ali kwambiri kufunika mwa owerenga. Books Belyaeva zothandiza ntchito zake oyitanira ubwino ndi kulimba mtima, chikondi ndi ulemu.

Pa zolinga za mabuku wolemba mafilimu ambiri anajambula. Kotero, ine kuvala chophimba zojambula eyiti mu 1961, ena a iwo ali mbali ya zapamwamba za mafilimu a kanema Soviet - "Amphibian Man", "Chipangano wa Professor Dowell," "Kulobzweka Island" ndi "Wogulitsa mpweya".

History of Ichthyander

Mwina wotchuka kwambiri ntchito AR Belyaeva ndi buku "Amphibian Man", umene unalembedwa mu 1927. Ndi zimenezo, pamodzi ndi "Professor Dowell Mutu" wofunika kwambiri wa Gerbert Uells.

Chilengedwe cha "Amphibian Man" Belyaeva chinachititsa, choyamba, kukumbukira za Werengani buku ndi French wolemba Zhana De La Ira "Iktaner ndi Moizetta", ndipo kachiwiri, m'nyuzipepala za ndimeyi mu Argentina mlandu ndi dokotala case, yomwe ikuchitika zatsopano zosiyanasiyana pa anthu ndi nyama. Pakali pano, anapereka dzina la nyuzipepala ndi mfundo za ndondomeko ndi kovuta. Koma zimatsimikizira kamodzinso kuti mwa kulenga sayansi zawo zopeka, Alexander Belyaev anafuna kudalira mfundo zenizeni moyo ndi zochitika.

Mu 1962, akuluakulu ndi V.Chebotarev G.Kazansky anajambula "The Amphibian Man".

"Munthu Last ku Atlantis"

Izo zinaonedwa mu mabuku Soviet ndi dziko, mmodzi wa ntchito oyambirira wolemba - "Munthu Last ku Atlantis". Mu 1927 anakhala mlembi woyamba wa chopereka Belyaeva ndi "Island sitima imene anakwera." Kuyambira 1928 ndi 1956 ntchito aiwala, ndi kokha kuyambira 1957, wakhala tinalisindikizanso ku Soviet Union.

Lingaliro la kupeza zotayika chitukuko cha Atlantis anayatsa Belyaev pambuyo kuwerenga zolemba mu nyuzipepala French "Le Figaro". wokhutira kunali kuti Society Phunziro la a Atlantis analiko Paris. Mu zaka za m'ma makumi awiri, mtundu anzawo ndi zachilendo, iwo amakhala ndi chidwi kuchuluka kwa anthu. Izi ndi anaganiza munthu wochenjera Alexander Belyaev. Yopeka wolemba ntchito kalata monga oyamba ndi "Munthu Last ku Atlantis". ntchito agawidwa magawo awiri, amaona ndi owerenga ndi wosavuta kwambiri. The mfundo zolemba za buku la achotsedwa pa buku la Rozhe Devinya "Zapita ndi kumtunda. Atlantis, gawo chimodzi cha dziko. "

MAULOSI yopeka wolemba

Poyerekeza maulosi a oimira yopeka, ndikofunika kudziwa kuti malingaliro sayansi ya Soviet wolemba Aleksandra Belyaeva mabuku anazindikira pa peresenti 99.

Choncho, mfundo yaikulu ya buku "Professor Dowell Mutu" anali mwayi revitalize thupi la munthu akafa. Patapita zaka zochepa pambuyo buku ili, Sergei Bryukhonenko - lalikulu Soviet physiologist, opangidwa zatsopano ofanana. Kupambana kwa mankhwala masiku ano - opaleshoni kubwezeretsedwa kwa diso mandala - anadziwiratunso dzina lake Aleksandr Belyaev zaka zoposa makumi asanu zapitazo.

Buku "Amphibian Man" anakhala ulosi wa chitukuko sayansi anthu yaitali anakhala pansi umisiri madzi. Choncho, mu 1943, French wasayansi Jacques Cousteau setifiketi woyamba aqualung zinasonyeza kuti Ichthyander - si choncho mumangire fano.

Wopambana mayeso oyamba a magalimoto opanda mlengalenga mu mmasate wa mzaka zana makumi awiri mu United Kingdom, komanso chilengedwe cha zida psychotropic - anali sayansi onse zopeka zomwe zinalembedwa m'buku la "The Ambuye wa World" mu 1926.

Buku "Munthu amene wataya nkhope" limafotokoza nkhani ya chitukuko bwino opaleshoni pulasitiki ndipo chikanachitika mogwirizana ndi nkhani zimenezi abwino. Mu nkhaniyi, mkulu wa boma amasintha mu Negro, kutenga mavuto onse a tsankho. Apa ife tikhoza kujambula zina zikufanana ndi tsoka la ngwazi ndipo anati wotchuka American woimba Michael Jackson, amene akuthawa chizunzo wosalungama, anapanga kuchiŵerengero ntchito kusintha mtundu.

Pa moyo wake kulenga Belyaev ankavutika ndi matenda. Mosatsata luso thupi, iye anayesa mphoto ngwazi za mabuku a luso zachilendo: kulankhulana popanda mawu, kuuluka ngati mbalame, kusambira kuposa nsomba. Koma kuwononga chidwi owerenga mu moyo, chinthu chatsopano - si ichi ndi talente oona a wolemba?