Analysis ndakatulo "khumi" (dzina lake Aleksandr Blok)

Mu zaka mazana makumi awiri, Russia wopyoza kwambiri mayesero: coups, kusintha boma la mphamvu, ulimi ulimi ... nthawi yovuta ulembedwe zikhalidwe ndi chofunika kusintha mu moyo ndiponso ndale. Pakuti njira ya ambiri mwamsanga anayamba "mfumu ya Kiyama" - mabuku. Aluso ndakatulo zaka mazana makumi awiri a ulimi m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Anthu ena musamwenso ndipo anasiya nyumba zawo, pamene ena anakhalabe ndi ankafunitsitsa kusintha kwa bwino. Alexander Blok analimbikira kuti Mumve ulimi ndi mtima wake wonse ndi maganizo ndi iye - "nyimbo Amene ali ndi makutu ayenera kumva."

Mbiri ya ndakatulo "khumi". Kuzindikira za mlakatuli, wotsutsa

ntchito linalembedwa pambuyo February ndi October kusintha. Blok mwiniwakeyo anavomereza kuti ndakatulo anali kusanduka mofulumira kwambiri, chifukwa iye analemba pamene pokonzekera kusintha. Choyamba, iye analemba mavesi ena, kenako adawasonkhanitsira ku zikuchokera umodzi, ndipo pamapeto kuona pang'ono kuwoloka-mu izo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ndakatulo wakula chabe mawu ochepa ( "Ine kwenikweni mpeni gulu, gulu"), namtsata pomwepo anaonekera 8 zigawo. Anakhalabe masiku Mkuntho wa January, ndi maganizo a ndakatulo anagwira kudzera m'ntchito zake zonse. Ndakatulo ya Bloc sakanakhoza kupulumuka masiku ano, monga wolemba anafuna anamugoneka kuona zilubwelubwe mkazi kukonda Mendeleevna yopsereza ndi mwana wake, koma iye sanatero. Dzina lake Aleksandr Aleksandrovich mwadzidzidzi inasanduka mtundu wa olemba ndakatulo ndi mdani, umene Nikolai Gumilyov anamupatsa chilango: Service Wotsutsakhristu sekondale kupachikidwa ndi chilango cha mwayekha lapansi.

Short zili ndakatuloyi "khumi"

Zimene zinachitika m'nyengo yozizira ku St. Petersburg. Mkuntho iwombela pa zomwe linamveka kukuwa, screeching. City usiku amasuntha kumuwombera khumi Red Army asilikali - otchedwa akatswiri a dziko lakale, amene mwankhanza kuwombera ndi kukawononga chirichonse mu njira yake. Mmodzi wa iwo, matupi Vanka amapha bwenzi lake Katya ndipo kenako kupita kupyolera mu imfa yake, koma comrades anamulamula kuti asonkhanitse mphamvu "si tsopano nthawi babysit inu." Detachment akuchenjeza nzika za kuba wotsatira kuti: iwo kuthetsa zonse akuwakumbutsa za dziko lakalelo. Iwo kuyiwala za Mulungu, kumanda "popanda dzina woyera" ndi kupemphera Petka akukumbutsidwa kuti "atsikana magazi" kale choncho, iye sayenera kuyembekezera thandizo la Ambuye. Komabe, mu m'badwo wotsiriza, mutu wa khumi Zikuoneka kuti: "korona woyera maluwa Patsogolo - Yesu Khristu." Ndani - mpulumutsi kapena woononga - chibvomerezo wagawo Kodi Choncho, tanthauzo la ndakatulo komaliza "khumi" kutanthauziridwa mu njira zosiyanasiyana.

Chifanizo cha Yesu

Maonekedwe a Khristu chomaliza - ndi chodabwitsa zosayembekezereka, monga kale zipolopolo ndi kuchotsedwa mtanda kangapo Woyera Russia. Zaka zana limodzi pambuyo kulemba ndakatulo ndi otsutsa mabuku amaona nkhaniyi ndi kuika patsogolo bodza pang'ono. Yesu anatsogolera kumuwombera Red ndi kuwatsogolera ku dziko latsopano - oipa anali oyera. Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti ali atumwi, woukira boma sitepe gulu lotsogoleredwa ndi Peter. Michael Voloshin limanena kuti chifaniziro cha Khristu mu ndakatulo "khumi" analowa cholinga osiyanasiyana: zilibe kupulumutsa kumuwombera, koma m'malo mwake, iye amayesetsa kubisala kwa iye. Paulo Florensky anafotokoza kuti kusintha mu dzina la Yesu - Blok "Yesu", koma musapusitsidwe ndipo amaganiza kuti analola typo mwangozi. A kumuwombera kutsogoleredwa ndi Wokana Kristu, amene ndi wamphamvuzonse, invulnerable "ndi Mkuntho wosawonekayo."

The zikuchokera ndakatuloyi

"Khumi" ndiko kuyankha anamva Bloc nyimbo zisinthe, ndi nyimbo anafika mungoli bwino. Ndakatulo sali ngati palibe ntchito wakale Alexander Alexandrovich, ndi ndakatulo ndi monga kupeza njira yatsopano kuti bwinobwino amalowerera. Mwambo fambani pambuyo pa ntchito yake adzapitiriza futurist Vladimir Mayakovsky. Ndakatulo idzafotokoza khumi osiyana mu mawonekedwe, amene ogwirizana pamodzi ndi Integrated. Ngati ikuchitika Khadili ndakatulo "khumi", n'zotheka kudziwa madontho pakati pa zigawo, amene anaikapo pambuyo akonzi buku - mwachionekere censors anaona kuti kunali koyenera kuti sanatchule malo ena. Mu mphindi ena a nkhani amapita mmphepete mwa njira, ndi zochita amafotokozedwa dialogues ndi monologues. Nyimbo ndi osakhazikika, ndi nkhani zina izo siziri kutero, nthawi zambiri zikusokoneza ntchito kuwombera - "ndichiyani-m-s"

Features chinenero mu ndakatuloyi "khumi"

Pa yowala za m'ma symbolist - Alexander Blok - kunasintha ntchito. Wolemba ndakatulo, amene analemba mavesi kale za akazi ndi chikondi, amatenga chidwi ndi nkhani zina zatsopano ndi patsogolo ulimi potsiriza kukhulupirira kupendanso zifukwa chilengedwe chake. Mbiri ya ndakatulo "khumi" ndi zachilendo kwambiri - Blok anazilemba nawo amayembekezera, zokhumba ndi kusonkhanitsa m'tawuni nthano popanda kunyalanyaza ngakhale chinenero wamba ndi achipongwe. Mawu akuti "Chocolate" Mignon "guzzled" Chikondi limabweretsa Mendeleev. Hule Katya Blok - "tolstomordenkaya" nyale - "elekstrichesky" Junkers - "Junker," ndipo Russia - "fat-". wolemba anapereka kukoma mmoyo msewu, koma Nditakhala ndi kusanthula wodzala ndi ndakatulo "khumi", n'zotheka kudziwa ndi kugwira mawu. Vesi "... Mphepo, mphepo - lonse lapansi Mulungu" posachedwapa anakhala Mwambi.

Ichi chiwerengero - khumi ...

Kulowerera mu mbiri ya kulemba ndakatuloyi, n'zotheka kudziwa mfundo zina maganizo. Mu mbiri ya chikhalidwe dziko, pali manambala, mbali yomwe anthu anamuona akale: amene iwo anabweretsa zabwino zonse, ena - masoka. chiwerengero 12 ndi mwini wake wa dongosolo dziko ndipo amapezeka ku Ulaya, Chinese, Vedic achikunja zikhalidwe. Monga mu Russia, ndi zana limodzi la magawo khumi, analalikira Chikhristu chidwi tanthauzo chopatulika cha nambala pakati pa Akristu. Choncho, 12 - chiwerengero cha atumwi a Yesu, 12 chipatso cha mzimu, mafuko 12 a Isiraeli; 12 zitseko ndi maziko mwala wa Woyera City, amene chimayerekezera kwambiri. Komanso, ife tonse tikudziwa kuti chithunzi ichi Nthawi zambiri osati chipembedzo komanso moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. maola 12 usiku watha ndi tsiku, miyezi 12 chaka. Mu Greece ndi Rome, ndi kuchuluka kwa milungu ikuluikulu pansi pa Olympus.

Khumi - chithunzi moona kwambiri komanso mwachinsinsi, koma unit Alexander anachenjeza kuti ndakatulo ndi yophiphiritsa kwambiri, ndi khalidwe lililonse ndi lingaliro angathe kutanthauziridwa mu njira zosiyanasiyana. Mwina lingaliro la ndakatuloyi amawaganizira kwambiri chifukwa Red Alonda olondera kwenikweni anawerenga anthu 12 pa nthawi ya zisinthe.

Awiri wazolengedwa mu mankhwala

The kukumana kwa nthawi zakale ndi zamakono - mfundo yaikulu ya ndakatulo "khumi". Blok anaona kuti zisinthe "kuti lichotse dambo zauzimu" ndiponso ankakhulupirira kuti m'kupita kwanthawi zidzachitika. Dziko lapansi lakale maziko ake sanali zoyembekezeka nthaŵi yaitali - Chifukwa cha kusintha anthu ndi kudzipereka. Ndakatulo akuyamba ndi mkuntho wa chisanu, amene ndi njira kulanda boma. "Mphepo, mphepo - lonse lapansi Mulungu" - ndi mphepo ya kusintha kuti ankaoneka kuti ichitike osati Russia koma dziko lonse, palibe amene angakane. Khumi ndi Red Army kudutsa mkuntho wa chisanu, Musawope chilichonse. Dziko lapansi lakale ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi tsogolo latsopano, ndiponso harbingers wa zisinthe - yemweyo kusalankhula ndiponso osamvera.

Democracy kapena Poipa Zedi?

Khumi ndi awiri wa Red Army - mafano yaikulu ya ndakatulo "The khumi". Iwo wosadzayanjanika maziko wakale - ali, ndipo iwo ali onse amakhumudwa. Iwo - kuonetseredwa kwa nkhope yeniyeni ya ulimi kuti chikusesa zonse mu njira yake, komanso Mkuntho. The Red alonda achenjeza anthu logwirana ndi "Opunthira" ndi kumasula kosungira, chifukwa "tsopano adzakhala wakubayu." imalira ofanana amaimira chisokonezo, koma osati proletarian kulimbana ndi moyo wabwino. Anyoza dziko lapansi lakale, koma angathe kupereka pobwezera? Kuwononga iwo sali okonzeka kumanga. Iwo sanena kuti: "Ife timange dziko lathu latsopano, ife kulenga!" The kusanthula ndakatuloyi "khumi" adzalola kuti aone zinachitika mu imfa ya dziko. Kupanda pake kwa zinthu zisinthe anatsimikizira mayi wachikulire, amene ataona chithunzi "Mphamvu zonse - Msonkhano Constituent," zimakhudzira, inu mufunira izo. Wotero khumudwitsidwa yaikulu akhoza kusoka opangidwa phazi ana, chifukwa masiku ano masiku njala ndi kuzizira pamene "zonse - maliseche, opanda nsapato," boma tisamale za umoyo wa anthu.

Ngakhale mpingo opanda mphamvu zake zakale. Alexander Blok chikusonyezera wansembe, amene, ngati kale "mimba ndipitirire" ndipo anasangalala mtanda, tsopano ndi wina aliyense, anagonjetsedwa ndi Red alonda, ndipo iwo amanena kuti iye "Comrade Pop". Akuluakulu latsopano safuna mpingo ndi chikhulupiriro, ndipo analimbikitsa palnut Yofiira Woyera Russia ku mfuti ya.

Nsembe chifukwa cha chiyani?

moyo ulimi wa munthu, sizitanthauza kanthu maziko a mkuntho wa chisanu lonse. Pamene mmodzi wa khumi ndi Red Army dzina lake Petka mwangozi amapha bwenzi lake Kate, iye akuyamba kulira, osati chimene chinali kuchitika. Mu maso a khumi otsalawo, kuti ofooka, chifukwa si malo kumasuka mu mphindi chofunika, pamene tsoka la Russia.

Katya ndi chizindikiro cha makhalidwe onse a anthu, odana ndi heroine, amene amayenda ndi Junkers ndi kugwa kwa aliyense bedi. Iye "ankavala masokosi imvi, chocolate" Mignon "guzzled" ndipo ambiri wakhala nthumwi atypical akazi Russian. Mwina, Blok ndakatulo kutsimikizira kuti monga Kate, kwenikweni kukhala nsembe chifukwa cha zisinthe olembedwa.

Chisokonezo kapena mogwirizana: kodi apambane?

Dziko lapansi lakale ndi negligible, ndipo akhoza sadzakhalakonso. Iye anali pafupi kugwa. wolemba akuyerekeza ndi fano la galu pokhala amene ali kuseri kwa bourgeoisie, mchira pakati pa miyendo yake. Nkhondoyi sizinakhalitse: tsogolo mdima kale, koma ngati chilolezo kumaoneka? Kodi n'chiyani chidzachitikire anthu pambuyo mkuntho wa chisanu ndi? Red alonda kulonjeza chiwonongeko ngakhale kwambiri, chifukwa inu mukhoza kukhala m'tsogolo, anamanga pa magazi. Kuchita kusanthula ndakatulo "khumi", ziyenera kuti kumapeto chimphepocho utatha, ndipo anthu chosintha ndi tsogolo "mwayekha kuyenda" limodzi ndi ena "korona woyera maluwa." Izi Iisus Hristos. Mwadzidzidzi maonekedwe malonjezo chipulumutso ndi chiyembekezo kuti zoopsa chiwonongeko adzachotsedwa ndi anthu ndi mphamvu yogonjetsera chirichonse mu chitsitsimutso cha Russia. Zikuoneka kuti mwa chisokonezo posachedwa kutsitsimutsa mogwirizana. Pakuti moyo wokondwa wa atumwi khumi ndi awiri a Red- wokonzeka kupha ndi kufa okha.

Zokhumudwitsa kusintha

Alexander Blok zisinthe angayerekezedwe ndi zinthu, zomwe, ngakhale kukonza dziko, koma alibe angathe kulenga. Old anawonongedwa, koma latsopano, anamanga pa magazi si mwabwino. Kamodzi Alexander Blok anadikira zingapo, ankakhulupirira kuti: "Anthu amene ali odzazidwa ndi nyimbo kumva akuusa moyo chilengedwe, ngati si lero, ndiye kuti mawa"; Patapita pachabe kusintha zikuchitika, salinso kumva "nyimbo zisinthe". Ndizachidziwikire kuti n'zosatheka kumanga chilichonse chatsopano ndi chiwonongeko - bwino kukhala ndi kusintha pang'ono ndi pang'ono chimamangirira patapita zaka zambiri.