Khumi ndi atumwi a Khristu, mayina ndi ntchito

Musanayambe kuphunzira za amene ali atumwi khumi ndi awiri, kuti amve za mayina awo ndi zochita zathu, m'pofunika kumvetsa tanthauzo la mawu akuti "mtumwi".

Amene anali atumwi khumi ndi awiri a Yesu Khristu?

Ambiri a m'nthawi yake sadziwa chimene mawu "mtumwi" amatanthauza "anamutuma." Pa nthawi imene Iisus Hristos anakhalapo pa dziko lathu lauchimoli, amuna khumi ndi awiri a anthu wamba anali anaitana ophunzira ake. Monga pakuona kuti, 'ophunzira khumi ndi awiri anamutsatira ndipo anaphunzira naye. " Patapita masiku awiri pambuyo pa imfa yake ndi kupachikidwa, Iye anatumiza ophunzira kuti akhale mboni zake. Zinali ndiye kuti iwo ankatchedwa atumwi khumi ndi awiri. Pakuyenerera: liwu lakuti "wophunzira" komanso "mtumwi" nthawi Yesu m'deralo anali ofanana ndi mosinthana.

Khumi Atumwi: maina

Khumi Atumwi - ophunzira kwambiri a Yesu Khristu anasankhidwa mwa naye Annunciation wa kwayandikirako Ufumu wa Mulungu ndi dongosolo labwino la Mpingo. Mayina a atumwi ayenera kudziwa zonse.

Andrew analitcha mu mwambo wa Choyamba amati, monga poyamba wakhala wophunzira wa Ioanna Krestitelya Ndipo Ambuye anamuitana m'bale wake kusanachitike Jordan. Andrew anali m'bale Simona Petra.

Simon - Ba-Yona, wotchedwanso Petulo. Dzina Peter anapereka kwa Simoni Yesu pambuyo ntchito Yake ya Mwana wa Mulungu mu mzinda wa Kaisareya wa Filipi.

Simoni Zelote, kapena monga iwo ukutchedwa, Zelote, mbadwa ya Galileya, mumzinda wa Cannes, malinga ndi nthano, anali mkwatibwi pa ukwati wake, yemwe anali Yesu ndi mayi ake, kumene, monga aliyense anadziwa, anasandutsa madzi kukhala vinyo.

James - mwana wa Zebedayo, ndi Salome, mbale wa Yohane, amene nawonso anali mlaliki. Woyamba kuphedwa mwa atumwi, iye Herode kumupha ndi kuwadula.

Yakobo - mwana wamng'ono wa Alpheus. Ambuye mwini wasankha kuti Yakobo ndi atumwi khumi ndi awiri adzakhala palimodzi. Pambuyo kuwatsitsimula Khristu chikhulupiriro woyamba kufalikira mu Yuda n'kusankha kampani ulendo kulankhulana. Mtumwi Andreyu Pervozvannomu mu Edessa. Iye nalalikira Uthenga Wabwino ku Gaza Eleferopole ndiponso mizinda ina ya Mediterranean, ndipo kenako anapita ku Iguputo.

John - akuulu James, wotchedwanso zaumulungu, gawo-mlembi wa Uthenga Wabwino wachinayi ndi mutu wotsiriza wa Baibulo, lomwe limanena za kutha kwa dziko - Chivumbulutso.

Philip - ". Mzinda wa Andreya ndi Petro" kuti mtumwi amene anabweretsa kwa Yesu Natanayeli Bartholomew 9, monga m'modzi wa khumi ndi awiriwo,

Bartholomew - Mtumwi, zimene umapereka kwambiri nachiyika Iisus Hristos kumuyitana Mwisiraeli woona amene palibe chinyengo.

Thomas - wotchuka chifukwa chakuti Mulungu yekha anamuonetsa kuukitsidwa kwake, anapereka kuti ayike manja ake pa chilonda.

Mateyu - amatchedwanso ndi dzina Chiheberi Levi. Ndi woyambitsa mwachindunji kwa Uthenga. Ngakhale atumwi khumi ndi awiri, nawonso, ndi osafunika kulemba Uthenga Wabwino wa Mateyu imatengedwa wolemba waukulu.

Yudasi - m'bale wake wa Yakobo, Jr., amene anapereka Yesu ndi ndalama za siliva makumi atatu, anadzipha mwa kupachikidwa yekha pa mtengo.

Mtumwi Paulo ndi makumi asanu ndi awiri

Komanso Udindo monga Atumwi Paulo, modabwitsa zinalengedwa ndi Ambuye. Kuwonjezera pa onse pamwamba atumwi ndi Paulo kunena za 70 akuphunzira wa Ambuye. Iwo anali mboni zonse za Mwana wa Mulungu wa zozizwitsa, zimene kanthu kwalembedwa mu Uthenga Wabwino, koma maina awo anamva tsiku la makumi asanu Atumwi. Buku awo ndi ophiphiritsa chabe, anthu omwe mayina, anali kokha omutsatira oyamba ndi ziphunzitso za Khristu, komanso loyamba kunyamula katundu mmishonale wa, kufalitsa ziphunzitso zake.

analemba Uthenga

Woyera atumwi Mateyu, Maliko, Luka ndi Yohane, omwe ankadziwika ndi Alaliki anthu m'dzikoli. Otsatira a Khristu, analemba Malemba Opatulika. Petulo ndi Paulo amatchedwa atumwi. Pali zinthu monga equalization kapena kusintha kwa atumwi, oyera amene amafalitsa nalalikira Chikhristu mwa amitundu, monga Prince Vladimir, Mfumu Constantine ndi mayi ake Helena.

Amene anali atumwi?

Khumi ndi atumwi a Khristu, kapena ophunzira ake anali anthu wamba, lomwe chiwerengero cha anthu kudzinenera chosiyana, ndi kuwabalalitsa mosiyana wina ndi mzake, bwino, koma iwo anali olemera mwauzimu - khalidwe limeneli zimagwirizana pamodzi. Mu Uthenga limasonyeza bwinobwino ndi kukayikira wa amuna khumi wamng'ono, nkhondo okha, maganizo awo. Ndipo iwo akhoza kumva, chifukwa iwo kwenikweni ndi kuyang'ana pa dziko kwa njira chosiyana. Koma atumwi khumi ndi umboni kukwera kwa Yesu kumwamba patatha, ndi zikaiko anali atapita pomwepo. Mzimu Woyera, kuzindikira kuti kuli mphamvu Mulungu anali kukhala achipembedzo, anthu olimbika mzimu. Atasonkhanitsa chifuniro mu nkhonya, ndi atumwi anali okonzeka kuti tisasokoneze dziko.

Mtumwi Thomas

Mtumwi Tomasi ali woyenera anatchulidwa mwapadera. Mzinda momasuka Pansada wina asodzi, mtumwi m'tsogolo, anamva za Yesu, munthu, kuwauza zonse za Mulungu mmodzi. Kumene, chidwi ndi chidwi anakakamizika kubwera ndi kuyang'ana pa iye. Kumva iye akulalikira, iye imakhumbira kuti ayamba relentlessly kupita pambuyo pa Iye ndi ophunzira ake. Iisus Hristos, powona changu chotero, opambana mnyamata kumutsatira. Choncho, msodzi yosavuta anakhala mtumwi.

mnyamata uyu, nsodzi wamng'ono, wotchedwa Yudase, ndiye kumupatsa dzina latsopano - Thomas. Komabe, ichi ndi chimodzi mwa Mabaibulo a. Pa amene kwenikweni anali ngati Thomas - amadziwika ena, koma kuti pa Mwana wa Mulungu.

khalidwe Thomas

Mtumwi Thomas anali munthu wamphamvu, wolimba ndi waliwiro. Kamodzi Yezu mbati kuna Tomasi, amene amapita mmbuyo kumene anagwidwa ndi Aroma. Atumwi mwachibadwa anakhumudwa mphunzitsi wake, palibe amene ankafuna anagwira Yesu, atumwi anadziŵa kuti ankapitabe yowopsa kwambiri. Zinali ndiye kuti Thomas nati kwa aliyense: ". Tiyeni tipite tikafere naye pamodzi" Chinachake alibe wosakanikirana yakuuka wake wotchuka "wosakayika Thomas," monga taonera, iye anali akadali ena "okhulupirira".

Zosangalatsa za Thomas

Mtumwi Thomas anakana kukhudza mabala a Yesu Khristu, ndi kuika zala zake pamene iye anafuna kusonyeza kuti anauka kwa akufa. Sakondwera ndi ulemu wake Thomas yekha chodabwitsa adzakondwera: ". Ambuye wanga, Mulungu wanga" Dziwani kuti ndi malo okhawo Mauthenga pamene Yesu anaitana Mulungu.

zambiri

Yesu ataukitsidwa, owomboledwa machimo onse a anthu, Atumwi anaganiza kuponya kwambiri umene ukuyenera kudziwa komanso zimene dziko adzapita kulalikira ndi anthu chikondi ndi chikhulupiriro mwa Ambuye ndi ufumu wa Mulungu. Thomas anapita ku India. mavuto ambiri ndipo ndifotokoze mavuto nagwa chidwi Thomas 'm'dzikolo, za Zopatsa wake anasunga miyambo yambirimbiri yakale kuti tsopano ngakhale kukana kapena kutsimikizira zosatheka. Mpingo anaganiza zopatsa Thomas tsiku lapadera - Lamlungu yachiwiri itatha chikondwerero cha Kristu atakwera kumwamba. Tsopano ndilo tsiku la chikumbukiro Thomas.

Woyera Mtumwi Andrey Pervozvanny

Pambuyo Ioann Krestitel anayamba kulalikira mu mtsinje wa Yordano, ndi Yohane Andrew anamutsatira mneneri, poganizira m'chikhulupiriro ndi mphamvu zauzimu kupeza mayankho a mafunso awo mwana maganizo. Ambiri ankaganiza kuti Krestitel Ioann ndiye Mesiya, koma moleza mtima ndipo mobwerezabwereza anakana nkhambakamwa ngati nkhosa zake. John anati kuti iye anatumizidwira kuti dziko kukonza njira Iye. Ndipo pamene Yesu anadza kudzabatizidwa ndi Yohane, mneneri anati, "Onani Mwanawankhosa wa Mulungu amene achotsa machimo a dziko." Atamva mawu amenewa, Andrew ndi John natsata Yesu. Tsiku lomwelo, tsogolo Mtumwi Andrey Pervozvanny anapita kwa mbale wake Petulo nati, "Ifetu tapeza Mesiya."

Tsiku la Woyera Atumwi Peter ndi Paulo Akristu kumadzulo

ulemu wapadera atumwi awiriwa anapatsidwa chifukwa chakuti pambuyo kukwera kumwamba kwa Khristu analalikira chikhulupiriro chake mu dziko.
Chikondwerero cha Woyera Atumwi Petro ndi Paulo anali woyamba mtchatho ku Rome, chimene mabishopu wa Mpingo Western ankaona m'malo a Peter, ndiyeno afalitsidwa m'mayiko ena achikhristu.
Peter ankachita nawo nsomba (monga Thomas), ndipo ankatchedwa kukhala mtumwi pamodzi ndi mchimwene wake. Iye analandira ntchito yake, chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa moyo wake - Iye "anali tate" wa Mpingo wa Khristu, ndipo pamenepo iye yekha an'dzapereka mafungulo a Ufumu wa Kumwamba. Petro anali mtumwi woyamba amene Yesu anaonekera chitachitika chiukitsiro. Mofanana ndi abale ambiri, mtumwi Petro ndi Paulo, pambuyo pa kukwera kwa Yesu anachita chinkhoswe mu ntchito yolalikira.

chifukwa

zochita zonse zoperekedwa ndi Yesu sanali mwachisawawa, ndi masankhidwe a anyamata awa onse aluso achinyamata komanso osati mwangozi, ngakhale Yudasi zinakonzedwa ndi mbali yofunika ya chiombolo kupyolera mu imfa ya Khristu. Chikhulupiriro cha Atumwi mu Mesiya anali wodzipereka ndi mtima osakayika, ngakhale mliri ambiri okayikira ndi mantha. Motero, chifukwa cha ntchito yawo, tili ndi mwayi wophunzira za Mneneri, Mwana wa Mulungu, Yesu Khristu.