Amene anati: "Mkate ndi pamasewera" - zaka zikwi ziwiri zapitazo?

Amene anati: "Mkate ndi pamasewera"? Satirist Juvenal anakhalako zaka pafupifupi zaka zikwi ziwiri zapitazo mu Ufumu wa Roma. Iye ankanyoza anthu amene, m'malo kusamalira ufulu wawo, anali kungofuna chakudya komanso zosangalatsa.

Kutha kwa ufumu wa Roma

Iye anati: "Mkate ndi pamasewera" - ankakhulupirira kuti plebs ndi patricians akhala adasokera chitsanzo amunamuna khalidwe, iwo samasamala kuti zochita zawo ndi zigawenga, basi boma, ndipo khalidwe zambiri yochepa woona. Iwo ali okhutira kuti asilikali a Roma akanangokhoza amawateteza akunjawo, ndipo iwo sakufuna kuganiza kuti kudzakhala. Iye anati: "Mkate ndi pamasewera" - modzipereka Radel za dziko lawo. ngati anaoneratu ake tsoka zowawa ndi kuwonongedwa kwathunthu kwa zaka 300 pambuyo mawu ake kovuta kunena. Iye sakanakhoza nkomwe kuyang'ana kwambiri patsogolo. Iye anangoti ankaona kuti zimenezo mulibe kanthu kabwino kudikira dziko. Ndipo kunyumba wake monga nzika woona, iye anali kukonda.

Umunthu wa ndakatulo-satirist

Tsatanetsatane wa wolemba moyo mawu a mbiri yakale kudziwa pang'ono. Biographers aona kuti iye anabadwa mu mzinda wa Aquino, ndipo anali wophunzira wa apamwamba Quintilian. Akafike akula, iye Eti mu satires wake kufotokoza anthu ano. Olemera Rome, amene adakali molimba unachitikira, sankafunanso Kugonjetsedwa ndi kukula kwa ufumu. wolemba anatengedwa kupita ku ukapolo ku Iguputo, osati kokha kwa mawu akuti: "Anthu amafuna mkate ndi pamasewera." Amene ananena izi, iye analembanso satires ambiri, amene anasonyeza makhalidwe a anthu amene anakhalako, umene unachitikira pa kuchuluka zonse akapolo a makalasi yoipa chapamwamba ndipo kusafuna kuchita kanthu m'munsi. Onse kukakomana ndi zina feteleza (ziphuphu), mikate, vinyo ndi mafuta a plebs ndi gulu iwo ufulu ndewu wamagazi gladiator ndi anthu komanso nyama zakutchire.

Popularity satirical akuti

Mu nthawi ya Nero, mawu akuti "mkate ndi pamasewera" anakhala lamulo la anthu achiwawa. Kwa iye, panalibe kupanduka, anapereka chakudya ndi vinyo. Ndiye anthu oledzera kupita maseŵeralo ndi arena, pachikondwerero nkhondo wamagazi ndi opanda chifundo. Iwo anali kwathunthu wathupi, chonyansa, koma chidwi. Choncho pamtunda achibadwidwe onse coarse ndi uncouth ziwawa. Iye anati: "Mkate ndi pamasewera" - unali umboni wa kugwa makhalidwe a m'magulu onse a anthu.

Kufunika kwa mfundo lero

Policy amakayikira m'chilengedwe. Choncho amatsatira kuti: ". Anthu amafuna mkate ndi pamasewera" Amene anati Chiweruziro, sankadziwa kuti iwo adzakhala kwa zaka. Mlembi wake, Decius Yuniy Yuvenal, ndipo sanathe kuganiza kuti chiphiphiritso uku patatha zaka zikwi ziwiri adzatola ndi adzatengedwa kupita moyo monga kosi ya khalidwe la mgwirizano wathu mwa unyinji wa mudziwe: mafilimu, TV, masewera a pakompyuta. Kudzera zinthu zonse zimene kuletsa mkwiyo wa anthu disenfranchised kuli osauka. Mwamuna amabwera kunyumba kuchokera ku ntchito, akutembenukira pa TV - Chonde aliyense "chakudya chauzimu" nawatsanulira njira zonse. Ine ndinapita kunja, ndipo kumeneko - cinemas, lomwe ladzala ndi mantha ndi zigaŵenga, pali Mzere zibonga, amene kukamuukitsa zoipa kwambiri munthu. Andale thandizo la andale, amene adzalankhula mawu okongola, ndi chuma, ndi mokangalika sanazengereze kufotokoza kuti muyezo wa amoyo likunena kuwonjezeka. Ndipo anthu nthabwala adzapanga kuseka izo zonse.