Myocarditis mu mwana: Matendawa, Zizindikiro ndi Chithandizo. Ana Mtima Center

Myocarditis mwana akapezeka ndi pafupipafupi mchitidwe ano zachipatala. Iwo ayenera yomweyo kuti matenda oopsa ndipo ngati sanalandire chithandizo kungayambitse mavuto aakulu. N'chifukwa chake makolo ambiri amachita chidwi ndi nkhani za matendawa. N'chifukwa chiyani matenda amenewa akufotokozera ngakhale makanda, ndi chimene zizindikiro ayenera Ndimayang'ana? Kodi mankhwala ndipo kodi maulosi kwa odwala pang'ono?

Features ndi makhalidwe a matenda

Mawu akuti "myocarditis" amatanthauza matenda amene anatsagana ndi kutukusira kwa minofu mtima. matenda anapezeka odwala a zaka zosiyana. Myocarditis mu mwana kapena mwana Sitinganene kuti ankamuona ngati nkhani yosowa.

Zimayambitsa ndi zotupa yotupa wa myocardium angakhale osiyana kwambiri, kuyambira malowedwe mu matenda minofu ndi kutsiriza ndi zochita aakulu awo sagwirizana ndi intoxications. Nthawi zambiri, kutupa, amanena osati minofu mtima, komanso nyumba pafupi, kuphatikizapo pericardium ndi, mitsempha ya magazi ndi ziwalo zina.

Zimayambitsa waukulu myocarditis

Zikuoneka kuti kutukusira kwa minofu mtima zikhoza olumikizidwa kwa pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse kudziwika kwa matenda:

• Nthawi zambiri, "culprits" wa myocarditis ndi mavairasi - adenovirus, enterovirus Coxsackie, ndi parvovirus, cytomegalovirus, chiwindi mavairasi, ndi fuluwenza.
• Kutupa myocardium, ndipo nthawizina ali ndi chiyambi bakiteriya. Matendawa akufotokozera pa maziko a chifuwa chachikulu, brucellosis, ndi meninjaitisi bakiteriya. The ndondomeko yotupa kumachitika pamene kutsegula matenda streptococcal.
• Kugonjetsedwa rickettsial chamoyo zambiri kumayambitsa kutupa minofu mtima. Zifukwa monga Q malungo, malungo Nthenda yofanana ndi tayifodi, mapiri miyala.
• Paudindo tizilomboto mwina zinthu bowa tizilombo, makamaka bowa mtundu candida.
• Pali myocarditis protozoal, kukhala pa maziko a toxoplasmosis, malungo, leishmaniasis.
• Helminths (Echinococcus, Trichinella) komanso imfayo kutupa.
• Pali poizoni myocarditis chifukwa cha ingestion wa Arsenic, Mercury, mpweya monoxide.
• Nthawi zina matenda akufotokozera mu mankhwala kapena pambuyo kumayambiriro katemera Sera.

• Zifukwa monga njoka kulumidwa ndi tizilombo.
• Zotsatira thupi monga hypothermia kwambiri, hyperthermia, kukhudzana ionizing cheza pa thupi komanso amakwiya kutupa.
• The zinthu zina pangozi zokhudza zonse lupus erythematosus, nyamakazi ndipo ena matenda ena autoimmune.

Monga mukuonera, pali zifukwa zambiri osauka myocarditis. Diagnostics pazikhalanso mndandanda wa matenda yaikulu monga zingamvekere bwino chithandizocho.

The mitundu ndi mitundu ya matenda

Pali masikimu angapo a gulu la matenda. Kale nkhani mungachite kuti kudwala matenda malinga ndi vuto. Koma pa nthawi ya Akatswiri matenda Atchule zifukwa zina:

• Ngati tikulankhula za njira ya matenda, ndi myocarditis kungakhale kovuta, subacute kapena aakulu.
• Malinga ndi kukula kwa matenda kukhala ofatsa, odziletsa kapena aakulu.
• dokotala imakweza mawonetseredwe matenda - wa ana Tingaone mmene mawonekedwe a kutupa, komanso wolema ndi asymptomatic.
• Ndipo ali ndi phindu la muyezo wa ndondomeko yotupa - Pankhaniyi focal kakutali (pali n'kopanda anthu, malo umodzi kutupa) ndipo akakufunsani myocarditis (kudwala imakhudzanso minofu lonse).

Kodi myocarditis ana? siteji chachikulu

Myocarditis mwana akufotokozera mu magawo angapo - mankhwala amakono atatu:

1. Gawo la viremia - particles tizilombo (kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ena) amagwa myocardium lapansi. Choyamba, iwo akuyang'ana padziko ena a minofu, ndiyeno umalowa mu myocytes. Pa nthawi imeneyi, pali kutsegula kwa chitetezo cha m'thupi, zomwe limodzi ndi kaphatikizidwe chinawonjezeka ndi kutulutsidwa interferon.
2. Autoimmune gawo limene kwambiri kumatheka m'thupi poyankha foni ndi kuchuluka misinkhu antikardialnyh chitetezo kuti kudziunjikira mu myocardium, zikuwononga moyo kugwira ntchito. Pa nthawi iyi adamulowetsa owayimira yotupa. Pali kuwononga microvasculature.
3. Ngati matenda zili zovomerezeka, ndiye pali kuchepetsa edema ndi mapangidwe malo fibrotic mu mnofu mtima. Ngati mankhwala siyikuperekedwa zotsatira zabwino (kapena kwina), matenda amakhala aakulu. Mu kutupa aakulu Pang'onopang'ono angayambe mavuto, kuphatikizapo matenda a mtima, cardiomegaly, cardio.

The ndondomeko ya matenda zoona wa mwana kuthandiza dokotala tikupeza mawonekedwe a matenda, zimayambitsa, komanso siteji ya chitukuko - yekha atalandira deta angalenge ndi ogwira mankhwala chakudya.

Zizindikiro za matendawa ana akhanda

Zizindikiro za matenda kumatengera zifukwa zambiri - ndi ofunika kutenga nkhani zaka mwanayo, chiyambi ndi mawonekedwe a matenda. Makamaka aakulu myocarditis makanda obadwa kumene. Mwana pang'onopang'ono kupeza kulemera, kukhala lethargic ndi wofooka, ngakhale ndondomeko kudyetsa ndi zotopetsa. khungu Mwana ndi wotumbululuka, nthawi zambiri amapeza ndi imvi kulocha.

chizindikiro china akuti ndi wamfupi mpweya. Iye koyamba pa nthawi ya ntchito - mwana msanga komanso amapuma kwambiri pamene kuvala, kusamba, kayendedwe matumbo, kudya. Monga matenda ili m'kati kupuma mavuto Tingaone kale boma quiescent. Chifukwa cha osauka mtima kulephera kuoneka edema - nthawi zina kwambiri, chifukwa chimene mwana kulemera akuwonjezeka kwambiri. Kupenda mwana zimasonyeza chiwindi ndi ndulu zikuluzikulu.

Chipatala chithunzi cha mwana wa zaka zoposa ziwiri

Mu ana okulirapo, chithunzi matenda zikuwoneka osiyana. Patangotha masabata 2-3 pambuyo chachikulu matenda myocarditis sitingachisonyeze. Ndiye zizindikiro kukhala yapadera kwambiri. Zizindikiro za matendawa ndi monga:

• paleness wa khungu integument;
• kutopa, kufooka, pang'ono kuwonjezeka kutentha;
• mofulumira kudya ndipo potsatira kuchepetsa thupi;
• kupweteka minofu ndi mafupa, ndi zina pamimba;
• monga matenda ili m'kati, ana amayamba amadandaula kuwawa mtima;
• kufupika kwa mpweya ndi mtima palpitations.

Myocarditis: matenda a matenda

Ndi matenda ngati zofunika kwambiri ndi matenda zolondola. Mwanayo ali bwino kuonana ndi pakati cardiology za ana. Njira zotsatirazi wofunikila matenda:

• Kuyamba ndi mwana ndi makolo msonkhano kafukufuku kuti mbiri, kudziwa pamaso zizindikiro zina.
• Kale pa kumupima, adokotala akhoza kuganiza myocarditis - katswiri kuonera wotumbululuka, ngakhale khungu cyanosis, kugunda kwambiri kwa mtima, pamaso pa edema ndi kupuma movutikira.
• Anachita amuzolengedwa ndi serological magazi mayeso amene amasankha pamaso pa matenda ndi kutupa.
• Pachifuwa X-ray akulola katswiri kuwona kukula kwa malire a mtima ndi pamaso pa stagnation magazi ziwiya mapapo, kutsimikizira pamaso kutupa mu myocardium lapansi.

• Kwenikweni anachita electrocardiography ndi echocardiography - njira izi mpata kufufuza mtima komanso kuona mlingo wa kuwonongeka.
• A biopsy wa myocardium kumaonekeranso okha Zikavuta kwambiri chifukwa zimathandiza kudziwa kukula kwa ndondomeko yotupa.

Kuchiza matenda: madokotala kupereka?

Kumene, mankhwala zimadalira chifukwa ndi mmene chitukuko matenda. Mwachitsanzo, mu kukhalapo kwa matenda bakiteriya muyenera mankhwala, pamene zotupa tizilombo kukuonetsedwa kulandira mankhwala mavairasi oyambitsa. Komanso, ana Kwalamulidwa immunomodulators, kulola matenda ntchito njira chitetezo.

Kuthetsa kutupa odwala kutenga nonsteroidal odana ndi yotupa mankhwala ( "Voltaren", "Brufen", "Indomethacin"). Zikavuta, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala timadzi steroid kuti n'zothandiza kwambiri pankhondo kutupa. Kuthetsa okodzetsa edema ntchito, kulola kuti amuchotsepo madzimadzi owonjezera. N'kofunikanso kuti monga mu chiwembu cha kukonzekera mankhwala vitamini. Ngati ndi ndondomeko aakulu, asonyeza spa chithandizo. Ngati pali arrhythmia wolimbikira, limene si amenable mankhwala, mungafunike ndi pacemaker implantation.

Chithandizo ikuchitika chilengedwe chipatala, m'pofunika kusankha pakati cardiology ndi ana abwino ndi ogwira ntchito zabwino. Pa akamaliza njira ya mankhwala mwana adakali ayenera kukumana ndi zonse cheke akuluakulu - poyamba pakapita miyezi kenako kawiri pa chaka (ndi njira yabwino ya matenda). Echo ndi electrocardiography chifuwa X-ray, MAGAZI zizichitidwa nthawi - njira Zimatheka muzindikire pamaso pa mavuto kapena zisadzachitikenso.

mwana chakudya ndi myocarditis

Makolo ambiri chidwi mafunso lero za chifukwa ndi zimene akufotokozera ndi myocarditis ana. Zizindikiro ndi mankhwala a matenda, zimayambitsa - Ndithu mfundo zofunika. Koma ndi bwino kuganizira kuti mankhwalawa mwana ayenera kudya zakudya zapadera (ngati si za ana).

Akatswiri amalangiza kuti amusiyitse chakudya yosavuta - Musapereke mwana wanu muffin, chocolate, mikate yoyera, pasta. Iwo akhoza m'malo popanda mitanda yisiti. Komanso, musati molakwika mchere ndi zokometsera zakudya, mafuta ndi nyama nsomba, soups ndi broths kulemera - bwino kudya Taphunzira nkhuku ndi chiwindi (by njira, ndi zofunika kukonzekera chakudya banja). Nsomba amaloledwa, koma ngati ndi mitundu otsika-mafuta. chiwerengero cha mazira ayenera kukhala zochepa.

The zakudya pazikhalanso mkaka, zipatso ndi masamba (kupatula nthuza quince, mapeyala mwakhama ndi maapulo, mphesa). Chocolate ndi maswiti ena akhoza m'malo ndi uchi, kupanikizana, marmalade ndi marshmallow.

Zoneneratu mu myocarditis

Myocarditis mu mwana makamaka zowopsa miyezi ya moyo - mu gulu ili zaka odwala, imfa kwambiri kawirikawiri anati. Kulosera tsogolo la matenda zimadalira maonekedwe ndi digiri ya kusalekerera matenda. Mwachitsanzo, mawonekedwe wofatsa matenda ndi zina sikutanthauza chithandizo. Bakiteriya kutupa amenable mankhwala mosavuta, koma pamene zotupa tizilombo za zotsatira za matenda akhoza kusakhala wabwino kwambiri.

Pakati ndi ana a sukulu a zaka kawirikawiri nkhani chowawa - zambiri ana msanga achire ndi kubwerera ku moyo wabwinobwino. Komabe, nthawi zina pamene myocarditis mtima zooneka m'madera sclerotic kuti atha kutumikira ngati chifukwa cha kulephera mtima mukadzakula.

mankhwala otetezera

Mwatsoka, palibe njira chilengedwe myocarditis. Komabe, akatswiri amalangiza kutsatira malamulo. Mayi woyembekezera ayenera kukhala tcheru thanzi lawo, kupewa chitukuko cha matenda opatsirana, kuti musayandikire poizoni anayesedwa zonse.

Boma akhanda ayenera kusamala kwambiri - matenda opatsirana ndi yotupa ayenera anapezeka ndi kutengedwera mu nthawi. Pa kubuka ozizira ngati n'kotheka si koyenera kulola oyandikana mwana ndi anthu kachilombo. Ndithu pa dziko la chitetezo cha m'thupi bwanji ndi kudya bwino, bwino tsiku chizolowezi, zolimbitsa zolimbitsa thupi ndi oipa.