Ali Valdai mu Russia. Kodi kukhala Valdai

Mu Russia pali zambiri wapadera mu kukongola kwa malo, Valdai Region - mmodzi wa ngodya izi wokongola, wotchuka chifukwa chikhalidwe zokongola ndi mbiri yaitali.

malo Hrs

Ali Valdai? zone Izi gawo lotetezedwa ili m'chigawo chapakati cha ku Valdai Hills m'gawo la zigawo ziwiri za dziko: lina la Tver ndi Novgorod. M'mphepete mwa nyanja Valdai mu mapiri wobiriwira ndi nkhalango lalikulu ndi tauni yaing'ono ya Valdai, komwe alendo mukufuna kuti asangalale wotopa wa kugonthetsa ndipo amangokhala ali pikitipikiti midzi yaikulu.

History dzina la Nyanja Valdai

Pali ziphunzitso ziwiri za chiyambi cha dzina la nyanja, amene anawapatsa mzinda dzina lake.

Choyamba - ichi ndi nthano. Kamodzi pa nyanja anakhala wosula dzina lake Valdai wokongola, mmawa uliwonse adadza ku gombe la nyanja kusamba. Pamene anawerama madzi, iye anadzuka mosangalala m'khutu anyamata atatu dzina. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo anthu anayamba kuitana Nyanja Valdai, kenako anayamba kuitana kotero ndi kuthetsa, pamene mzinda wa Valdai.

The Ofufuza - maganizo sayansi. Iwo amakhulupirira kuti dzina la nyanja amachokera ku mawu a Chigiriki "Wald" omwe anamasuliridwa wangwiro, chowala, zoyera.

mzinda Valdai

Mzinda malochislenny ndi zaka 500 za mbiri, palibe makampani zoipa, chiphe mpweya, palibe nightlife, osati izi wotchuka Valdai.

Russia mwina dziko lokha mu dziko kumene Museum mabelu ndipo ili chimodzimodzi mu Valdai, amene kalekale wotchuka chifukwa mafakitale ake ndi zokambirana kuti yopanga chipangizo choimbira. Zosonkhanitsira wapadera wa nyumbayi wasonkhanitsa ambiri mabelu ndi mabelu zamitundu yonse ndi zolinga: kuchokera ku mpingo chombo, kuchokera yamschitsky ndi wawo amadalira kuweta moto ndi kompyuta. Alendo akhoza kuphunzira mbiri ya kuponyera belu kuona zosonkhanitsira chidwi, nyimbo mabelu zosiyana, ndiponso kuyesa nokha monga Ringer a. nyumbayi ili mu Mpingo wakale St. Catherine. Anapanga mu yachilendo "wozungulira" kalembedwe, chokongoletsedwa ndi zipilala ndi ozungulira denga, ndi mosakayikira wina wa zipilala kamangidwe ka mzinda.

Mfundo ina chidwi ndi zinadzala ndi mzinda wa Valdai - ili pa apakati wa Cathedral wa Utatu Woyera. kachisi anamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma 18 kudzera kwambiri, kuphatikizapo Baroque, mu mbiri yake, ndipo moto zikuluzikulu, koma nthawi iliyonse ilo linatsitsimuka kachiwiri. Tsopano nyumba yokongola ya kachisi, wopangidwa zofewa malankhulidwe pinki, ndi ngale weniweni wa mzinda, amene zitseko mu 1998 kuuweruza kwa okhulupirika.

Iver obisika

Kusirira gombe la nyanja, pamene Valdai pa Selvitsky chilumba amadzukanso ndikulumikizana akuchita Iver ansembe yotchedwa - amakopeka lalikulu alendo ndi Orthodox kachisi mzinda. Pa obisika pali zingapo Chipata Church, Dormition Cathedral, Chapel la manda, Mpingo wa Epiphany ndi pakati Haji, motsogozedwa maulendo tsiku. Kuti tifike pachilumbacho ndi boti, amene ali mawola awiri anachoka ku Mzinda Marina.

Kamangidwe zipilala za Valdai m'mphepete

Dera Valdai m'zaka watha apo panali ambiri wotchuka wakale ndi dziko landlords. Ambiri a iwo sanalekerere nthawi, koma chidwi alendo mwa iwo akupitiriza mosaletseka. The chidwi kwambiri kukaona ndi zigawo zitatu: Finca Alyutina nyumba Musin-Pushkin ndi malo Novotroitsy.

Manor Musin-Pushkin - mmodzi wa kupulumuka zipilala mapulani pafupi ndi tauni ya Valdai. Kodi chuma? Pa mtunda wa makilomita 38 kuchokera kumudzi, pa nyanja m'dera la N ano Peretno kwa zaka zapitazo., Anali wolemera malo. Tsopano mukhoza kuona yekha zotsalira za nyumba kamodzi okongola, tsopano gaping mwake diso yopanda mawindo, ndi kuchita Mpingo wa Utatu Woyera.

Mountain Manor, anali mu 18 m'ma Duke wa Leyhtenbergu, yomwe ili m'mphepete mwa. Borovka. Mu masiku amenewo, ndi malo olemera ndi wolemera ndi outbuildings ambiri, mpingo, malo chachikulu ndi yosanja katatu "mbuye" nyumba, monga yachifumu. Tsopano chabe nyumba ochepa zinasungidwa pano, amene ali osasamalika, koma m'mabanja ena ndipo tsopano moyo.

Novotroitsy Manor inamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma 18 pa gombe la nyanja chakudya (kuchokera ku mawu "uzhaty" pofotokoza mawonekedwe a nyanja) ndi a m'banja lapamwamba Samarins-Kvashnin. Izo zinali olemera: zinyumba olemera, ndi kuchuluka kwa nyumba wothandiza, mpingo wake. Koma nthawi chifundo ... Tsopano panali mbali yaing'ono chabe ya nyumba ya imawonongeka, koma yosamalika munda ndi paki gulu loyimba ndi munda birch.

mtsinje Valdai

Wokongola ndi oyera m'mphepete Valdai. Kodi malo awa zodabwitsa? Valdai - malo okongola kwambiri wa East European Plain. Ambiri ukonde mwa mitsinje, nyanja zodabwitsa ndiponso atazunguliridwa ndi nkhalango zobiriwira, anamwazikana kudutsa mapiri kwabasi ndi zigwa za boulders yaikulu yokutidwa ndi Moss, zonsezi - kukumbukira ndi glacier yaikulu, umene zaka zambiri zapitazo anabwerera kumpoto, kusiya m'mbuyo ake ulemerero izi zonse. The madzi mu mitsinje ndi nyanja ya m'mphepete izi wokongola ozizira, bwino ndi watsopano.

Apa mu mzinda dambo ali ofunika yaing'ono, akuyamba njira yaitali amphamvu Volga Mtsinje, koma apa ya m'madambo ang'onoang'ono poyamba Dnieper ndi Western Dvina, Volkhov ndi MSTA, ambiri a makhwawa a Neva, mazana a mitsinje yaing'ono, nambala yaikulu nyanja ang'ono ndi lalikulu ndi zikwi za mitsinje ndi akasupe a chiri pafupi makumi angapo madzi wathanzi mchere ndi m'madambo mazana angapo. Nzosadabwitsa Valdai ankaona kunayambira mitsinje Russian.

Nyanja Valdai m'mphepete

Valdai Lake - mmodzi wa matupi okongola kwambiri madzi m'derali, mmodzi wa 10 nyanja aukhondo mu dziko. Ngakhale kukula kwake laling'ono, ndi kukwapula mwakuya, lomwe m'madera ena ukufika mamita 52. Kum'mwera kwa posungira, kumene Valdai Nyanja lagawidwa zilumba ziwiri zitatu kufika, mtengo mzinda womwewo. Kumpoto pali nyanja ina - chakudya.

Lakes ndi kudzadza makamaka chifukwa akasupe, kotero pansi ndi lomveka bwino, ndipo madzi ozizira bwino. Chabwino mchenga magombe ili kuzungulira nyanja nkhalango wowoneka komwe kwambiri zipatso ndi bowa, nsomba zabwino kukopa alendo chaka chonse. Chakudya ndi Nyanja Valdai anazindikira zipilala za chilengedwe, ali wapadera kusangalala, sayansi ndi maphunziro phindu.

Kuchoka m'mizinda ikuluikulu, mu malo oyera ndi wapadera cascading nyanja, limene ku chigwa cha mtsinje Western Dvina. Apa, nkhalango wolemera, zithaphwi ndi nyanja kum'mwera chakumadzulo otsetsereka a phiri mtsinje amatenga madzi waukulu. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo aukhondo a ku Ulaya.

mudzi ndi rejuvenating nyanja wina wapadera - buluu pang'ono, kutalika mamita 300 okha. 80% ya m'mphepete ake Posintha Moss bog. The madzi nyanjayi ndi chodabwitsa buluu, nthawi zonse chimaonekera ndipo sanasinthe mlingo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti pang'ono buluu madzi konse pachimake padziko si kulumpha tizilombo, ndi nsomba zochepa okhala nyanja, anapeza zovuta kuzimvetsa ochekenera. Nyanja ndi mandala kuti mwa kapu ya madzi Tingaone ndi snags zonse pansi pa izo, kumverera kuti iwo angaithe iyo, sitiyenera kusiya kokha mu dzanja madzi.

malo osungirako

Chinthu chamtengo wapatali kwenikweni kumene Valdai, ndi National Park. Wochepa m'nkhalango wamtali ndi nsonga lakuthwa, zobiriwira spruce, kunjenjemera Aspen, ndi mitengo wachisomo birch mu mapiri kwabasi okongola kwambiri a mitunda, kwabasi wodzilemekeza ndi mitsinje yambiri ndi nyanja.

Nature analenga dziko limene pali chilichonse chofunika pa moyo - meadows madzi olemera zirombo, zipatso ndi bowa nkhalango, nsomba galasi mitsinje bwino ndi nyanja, kuchiritsa mchere akasupe. Kungakhale kulakwitsa kuti kuteteza wapadera cholowa achilengedwe amene anapeza dera, kumene Valdai.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba pa malo dziko linalengedwa mu 20s Mu zaka zapitazo, mahekitala 148 m'dera la Nyanja Valdai anazitcha inviolable ndi kuteteza isanafike chiyambi cha Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. Patapita zaka pafupifupi zisanu ndi chimodzi zaka zambirimbiri bwinobwino za mabungwe angapo ndi National Park unakhazikitsidwa mu 1990.

Mu gawo ilo lili nyanja 70 ndi 20 mitsinje, yomwe amayandama pamwamba mitundu 20 a nsomba (Pike, nsomba, smelt, bream, mlamba, ndi ena), ndi osowa ambiri a iwo - mumapezeka nsomba, njoka yam'madzi, mtsinje lamprey ndipo kutchulidwa Red Book of Russia bullhead .

Zoposa 85% ya paki - nkhalango: spruce ndi paini nkhalango, thundu, mitengo birch ndi linden, paini ndi malo Oil, komanso nkhalango wosanganiza wa Elm, mapulo, larch ndi phulusa. Okwana pali kukula mitundu 60 mitengo, oposa 600 mitundu zitsamba, umene 32 mitundu zalembedwa mu Red Book wa dziko, ndi 20 - m'buku ofiira a dziko. Pa gawo ndi kunyumba kwa mitundu 20 ya nyama ndi mitundu 140 ya mbalame, pakati pawo 6 oimira buku wofiira.

Kodi kupuma mu Valdai?

Ife timaganiza kuti nditawerenga nkhani, aliyense angapeze malo m'dziko lino zodabwitsa, amene angafune kupitako. Ulendo wa ku minda, pitani ku National Park kapena Iveria obisika, ulendo m'ngalawa mitsinje ndi nyanja m'mphepete kapena nsomba - chinachake kwa aliyense aliyense.

Malawi kwa apaulendo mu Valdai

Nyumba vuto si pano, aliyense wapaulendo apeza malo okhala mu Valdai. Alendo akhoza mukagone mu nyumba ya alendo pa malo obisika, kufunsira dipatimenti Haji, kukhala pa hotelo m'dera lino, kupita ku nyumba yogonamo kapena nyumba holide, ili bwino pa paki, kapena kukhala mu hema mzinda mokwanira osachepera kumva pa wina ndi chikhalidwe.

Valdai - kukongola wapadera malo ake pakati pa greenery zobiriwira ndi wowoneka Tambasula ya kum'mwera nayonso galasi nyanja bwino ndi mitsinje. Dera limeneli ndi chimodzi cha ziwalo zambiri mochititsa chidwi Russia, kukongola wosangalatsa ndi mpweya wabwino chaka chilichonse kukopa alendo ambiri pofuna kusangalala ndi malo okongola, kuletsa misempha ndi kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi kuchokera m'mizinda wotukuka.