Akuphedwa - kuphedwa ndi chilango

Mu chisanadze Petrine nthawi zigawenga mu Russia anapatsidwa chilango m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Malinga mlingo wa infraction, kuwonjezera anamangidwa, iye anatulutsa m'mphuno mwake, kuwotchedwa ndi chitsulo chamoto pamphumi mawu "mbala", kudula dzanja lake lamanja, amene kuba chidaperekedwa. Nthawi yapadera, kuchimwa adampereka imfa yochititsa manyazi pa scaffold ndi, kuchita kuchita chilungamo njira kwambiri zosiyanasiyana komanso zovuta kumvetsa. The mfumu wokonzanso anasiya chilango pamwamba ndondomeko anaphedwa pafupifupi zikutsatiridwa, zinali mogwirizana ndi miyezo European, koma anasintha dzina la ndondomeko.

anachita kumene mawu

Tanthauzo mwachindunji mawu akuti "kuphedwa" sizikutanthauza chirichonse zoopsa. kumasulira Latin akukumana Russian Anzawo "ntchito" kapena "kukwaniritsidwa." Komabe, nkhani ya kugwiritsa ntchito mawu malamulo wapereka lingaliro ili ndi lingaliro lomvetsa. Pakuti kuphedwa chiganizo kuti wotsutsana sanalonjeze chilichonse chabwino. Ngati bwino kuti anali aakulu ogwirika chilango, ziipe ngati wakupha wolumala kapena maonekedwe, ndi anashamu, pamene mutu ndi pa chipika chopping adzagwa athunthu kapena khosi kuzungulira.

Mawu amenewa wadutsa kwa ife ndi cholowa chochokera malamulo a Aroma. Malo Executor sanali kukumana maudindo a wakupha, koma iye bwino ndithu ndipo unambiguously kumatanthauza mlingo wa vuto, kulowerera mu zochitika za zochitika pansi kufufuza ndi kudziwa chilango kukhala chitsatiridwe. katswiri Izi nkhani zamalamulo ndi ndende ankalamulira zolembalemba zonse, ndipo nditamaliza ake, anati: ". The kufufuza ndi over" Ndiyeno n'kutsatira anawonjezera kuti, "Iwalani."

Zochitika chilango, si koyenera kuti yawn

Kuphedwa anthu lero m'madera ena amati ndi chida polimbana ndi ziphuphu ndi kuba. M'mayiko ena a kuphedwa mu imfa ya ngakhale ukufalitsidwa pa TV, kumangiriza kwa kleptocrats ndi chiphuphu kungolandira. Mwina kuopa amenewa chowonetsedwa ndipo akhoza andipeze, koma, monga ulamuliro, mmene akuwonetseredwa mu kuwonjezeka mu kuchuluka ziphuphu imene imayamba compensates kwa kuvutika koma uncaught achinyengo. Ngakhale ku Ulaya kuti anali kudziŵika kuti anali pa kupereka pagulu m'mabwalo a mbala yogwira kwambiri, kudula m'zikwama ndi rummaging mu matumba kuonelela, anaona rogues ena kukadulidwapo manja.

Osaphedwa njira pedagogical

Choncho, chilango - limodzi nthawi kuphedwa kwa chigamulo cha khoti ovomerezeka. mafotokozedwe zimenezi n'kofunika kwambiri chifukwa chotumiza ukapolo chilango kapena kumangidwa kwa si wotchedwa. Mu masiku akale popereka chilango kanthu, kunali kofunika zoona ndi Timeliness. Pakati pa chisankho ndi kukhazikitsa mu masukulu Mwachitsanzo, anapatsa nthawi osachepera nthawi. kamodzi kokha, pa nthawi ya kubwera kwa Isitala, monga mwa Maulendo woyambawo seminare wophunzira Pomyalovsky, kukwapula ndi ndodo anali kulephereka (osati zimafika). Popanda idealizing njira yakale ndi bwino chakale chiphunzitso, n'kosatheka kuti muzindikire kuti apereka zimakhudza ogwira pa ndondomeko maphunziro. Anthu ndi maphunziro zinayi mpingo parishi ali ndithu kupirira udindo Commissars anthu a mu khumi zoyambirira Soviet, mlingo wa chidziwitso amalola. Mu England, ndi njira, sukulu chilango ogwirika anali anathetsa yekha mu zaka zao za sikisite za m'ma XX. Komabe, malinga ndi Michael Gove, Mlembi British a boma Education, tinachita popanda chifukwa. Iye akumufunsira kuyambitsa iwo kachiwiri.

Akuphedwa - mantha kotsutsana wamba

Nkhondo yachiwiri itatha anayamba ankagwiritsa ntchito mawu atsopano kwa milandu ndi anthu: kuphana ndi Anazi, ndipo ndithudi, kuphedwa. mawu wabwera zitanthauza kuphedwa Unyinji wa anthu wamba ndi cholinga mwamantha. Mantha anthu okhala ku madera wotanganidwa ankagwiritsa ntchito ndi German Chilango mayunitsi anagwirizana asilikali a Nazi Germany ndi mayunitsi dziko la Waffen SS, alemba ntchito ku deserters. Lamkunkhuniza kuyeretsa fuko kunachitika mu Lviv battalion "Nachtigall", mu Kiev, zikwizikwi za nzika Soviet anawomberedwa ndi m'manda mu Babi Yar othandiza mu Odessa Romania ankhondowo anapachika mitembo ya anthu amene agwidwa chapakati mzinda misewu. Ambiri milandu nkhondo anali pamtunda pamene mayesedwe a zigawenga Nazi nkhondo pa Nuremberg.

Modern kuphedwa zachuma

Koma pali mawu kuperekedwa, mtendere, ngakhale kwambiri zosasangalatsa m'njira anthu ambiri. Today ku Ulaya kusaka - mokakamizidwa kulandidwa katundu chifukwa kumawononga. chuma wang'ambidwa kutali amangawa hapless ndipo anagulitsidwa kwa yobetcherana, ndipo anapeza amapita ku athandize angongole. zochita zofanana zimagwiridwa mu dziko lathu, ndi pamene chitseko agogoda pa bailiff, ndi m'dzanja lake ndipo bwana (executio!) List, ndi defaulters njiru ndi kutengeka, amene sichidukidwa aliyense. Kumene, osati kuti anawomberedwa kutsogolera, koma ...