Zolembera chotupa SCC: mayeso makamaka. Lomwe limasonyeza zolembera chotupa?

Oncomarkers ndi zinthu opangidwa ndi thupi pa chitukuko chotupa. otchedwa "chotupa zolembera" amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ambiri mwa zolembera zonse zodziwika chotupa ali tcheru kwambiri. Kudziwa matenda ena, monga carcinoma kwa khutu, mphuno, pakhosi, kum'mero, m'mapapo ndi khansa khomo lachiberekero akazi amene anachita mayesero, pa womwenso Antigen squamous carcinoma selo - SCC. M'nkhaniyi tiona kuti mwatsatanetsatane.

Ndi chiyani icho?

SCC chotupa zolembera ndi glycoproteins. Iwo apanga maselo a matupi squamous epithelium. SCC-oncomarker - mtundu mapuloteni mankhwala omwe modifies kapangidwe ka maselo wabwinobwino, zikubweretsa malowedwe a mapuloteni mwa Kakhungu awo.

Squamous carcinoma selo Antigen wa banja la zoletsa serine proteinase. Kuchuluka kwa Antigen mu magazi imasiyana malingana siteji matenda ndi kukula chotupa. Ngati ndende pamaso zolembera magazi chithandizo anali mkulu, kuti madokotala ananena zawo zochepa yabwino kuposa zinachitikira ntchito m'munsi.

Chiwerengero cha zolembera chotupa mu magazi mwachindunji ndi mlingo wa chitukuko cha matenda Komabe izi deta wina angathe kudziwa ndi khansara siteji mwatsatanetsatane. A magazi kuti zolembera chotupa sangathe ikuchitika cholinga cha mayesero mosamala kwa matenda chachikulu, monga kukhala ndi njira yolongosoka ndondomeko chitukuko cha matenda alipo.

Zomwe amaperekedwa ndi a SCC chotupa zolembera?

The chiyeso zolembera chotupa ndicho yabwino kwambiri polimbana ndi khansa. wokhutira ndi kuchuluka kwa magazi kupereka chithunzi thunzi chokwanira cha matenda, kuphatikizapo siteji. Mu nkhani iyi, zolembera chotupa akhoza kudziwa ndondomeko ya kusinthika kwa maselo wathanzi khansa pa siteji m'banda matendawa.

Nthawi zina, kuwunika?

Pakuti mawu a matenda "khansa" madokotala mankhwala kusanthula SCC chotupa chikhomo molumikizana ndi njira zina kudziŵa kuvutika kwambiri m'thupi. Monga ulamuliro, ndi kafukufuku zimatenga nthawi yaitali. Chotupa zolembera SCC Akatswiri ntchito kudziwa matenda, kuwayang'anira kupitilira wake, ndi ulamuliro pa chitukuko.

Mayeso ntchito chotupa chikhomo advantageously ikuchitika kulemekeza anthu amene ali pa chiopsezo chitukuko cha zotupa zilonda. Iwo amalola matenda molondola. Pa mankhwala amene Antigen kawirikawiri amapezeka kuwonjezeka magazi amene amayambitsidwa ndi kugwa kwa chotupa chija, chifukwa cha zimene magazi kugwa atypical thupi. kukonzanso kuwunika pambuyo masabata 4 akulimbikitsidwa zoti Yesu deta. Pa matenda ena yotupa ndi achuluke woipa magazi a Antigen, monga TB, matenda, matenda pachimake kupuma, matenda ena a pakhungu.

Chifukwa mayeso ali?

SCC-chiyeso zolembera chotupa wochititsidwa ndi:

• Kuthetseratu kufala kwa metastases ku ziwalo zina ndi kupitirira kwa matenda.
• Iganizireni mphamvu ya mankhwala.
• Control wa matenda mankhwala pofuna kupewa kumwa.

Kukonzekera kukayezetsa zasayansi

Zotsatira za kukhala odalirika kwambiri, katswiri ayenera kuganizira zinthu zonse zokhudzana ndi kuthetsa zotheka matenda yotupa.

zinthu Special pokamba za kusanthula si chofunika. Magazi pa SCC chotupa chikhomo kugonja m'mawa, pa chopanda kanthu m'mimba, dzana kusanthula wodwala ndi bwino kusiya mafuta, yokazinga ndi zakudya zokometsera. Pa tsiku la kusanthula sayenera fodya kwa theka la ola pamaso zitsanzo zosankhidwazi magazi, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito tiyi ndi khofi. Kuchita namwino zasayansi kafukufuku amatenga magazi wodwalayo kwa mtsempha mu buku la 5 ml.

Decoding la zotsatira

Nthawi zambiri mu magawo oyambirira a chitukuko cha zotupa zilonda sanapange okha ndizodziwikiratu. Choncho, nthawi imene magazi kusanthula pamaso pa antigens m'magazi kumachititsa kwa zotsatira zabwino.

Munthu akakhala wathanzi kuchuluka kwa Antigen mu magazi si upambana mlingo wa 2.5 ng / ml. Komabe, mu nkhani ya matenda posachedwapa anasamutsa yotupa, chithunzi ichi chikhoza kukhala apamwamba. Kenako tiyenera kachiwiri phunziro magazi mu masabata atatu.

Chiwerengero cha zolembera kumatanthauza chotupa mu magazi kumathandiza sankhani odwala amene akuyenera kukumana cheza kapena mankhwala RAM, komanso kusintha chithandizo, pakalibe zotsatira zabwino kapena kuwonongeka kwa wodwala.

Chotupa chikhomo SCC (mawu olembedwa anapereka m'nkhani) amalola matenda amuna esophageal khansa, m'mphuno, makutu a m'mapapo. Mu khansa ya kum'mero ndi m'mapapo mwanga kuchuluka magazi a Antigen ndi wapezeka m'chigawo cha 1.5 ng / ml. Pankhani ya maphunziro a akazi akudwala khansa khomo lachiberekero, ndi kudziwika milingo zapamwamba za Antigen akhoza kunena motsimikiza za zisadzachitikenso matendawa.

khomo lachiberekero chotupa pentopeni. SCC squamous carcinoma selo

Pakali pano, khansa khomo lachiberekero zimakhudza akazi a zaka zapakati pa zaka 40, matenda chinayamba mu atsikana zaka makumi atatu. Khomo lachiberekero khansa - matenda sioneka kwambiri, kotero chithandizo mwamsanga zimathandiza mayi kuti musunge kumaliseche.

Kwa matenda olondola a matenda kupezeka dokotala ayenera kuganizira zinthu zonse zokhudzana, kuphatikizapo magazi zitsanzo zosankhidwazi nthawi ndi kusunga zolondola. Mayeso kwa zolembera chotupa ali kwambiri tilinazo lofunika kwambiri ndi chiyero cha zinthu wambiri. A muyezo waung'ono malovu kapena thukuta kungachititse kuti kuipitsidwa kwa zinthu zamoyo ndi izi iwonso kusanthula osadalirika.

Pakuti mawu a matenda mkazi "khansa khomo lachiberekero" kuchita kafukufuku zofunika zolembera chotupa. Pamene chimodzi cha magazi kusanthula 2.5 ng / ml ya kwa chotupa chikhomo SCC - ponseponse. khansa khomo lachiberekero ndi pa siteji kumayambiriro kwa nkhani ya kupeza anthu ambiri pamwamba 2.5 ng / ml. Kuyesa lolondola deta akubwerezedwa pambuyo masiku 20. zachilendo kololeka owonjezera SCC chotupa chikhomo mu magazi a wodwala kugwirizana ndi mbiri ya kudutsa matenda.

Kufunika kwa matenda oyambirira a dongosolo zilonda khomo lachiberekero

Research pamaso pa chotupa zolembera Kireni n'kofunika pa zifukwa zotsatirazi:

• Khansa cha ziwalo zoberekera za amayi kumachepetsa chonde.
• phunziro limapereka mwayi kudziwa akazi amene ali pa chiopsezo ndi kuwunika mphamvu ya mankhwala.

Mu gawo lachitatu la matenda kuchuluka kwa Antigen kuposa mlingo wa katatu. Pamene mayesero zina dokotala n'kukulemberani ndi CT jambulani magazi ndi kusanthula mkodzo.

Pamene somatic kudwala ngati zikuoneka kuti chotupa zolembera ndi wapezeka SCC squamous carcinoma selo. Zikatero m'pofunika kuphunzira mphamvu, ndipo kuwonjezera pa kusanthula muyezo zolembera chotupa wochititsidwa histological Kupenda zimakhala anakhudzidwa thupi la wodwalayo.

Chiwerengero cha kusintha kwa zolembera chotupa mu nkhani ya metastases. Pamene chiwerengero chawo amakhudza kukula chotupa cha, malo ndi kukula kwa minofu maselo kuwonongeka khansa.

Mtundu wa zolembera chotupa

Mtundu uliwonse wa chotupa akumasula zolembera yake yapadera kuti ntchito kuti aone ngati mtundu winawake wa khansa:

• Carcinoembryonic Antigen (chovomerezeka mlingo - 3 ng / ml) - limanenedwa matenda colorectal carcinoma osakaniza ndi SCC mu carcinoma khomo lachiberekero.
• Alpha-fetoprotein (mlingo chovomerezeka - pansipa 15 ng / ml) - ndi Antigen tcheru kwambiri ponena kuti matenda oyambirira carcinoma hepatocellular.
• Muzituluka khansa Antigen (chovomerezeka mlingo -. Pasanathe 4 U / ml) anagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwayang'anira mphamvu ya chithandizo cha carcinoma muzituluka.
• Mucin ngati glycoprotein (chovomerezeka mlingo -. Zosakwana 28 mayunitsi / ml) - zambiri, chikhomo ntchito younikira zotsatira mankhwala a chifuwa chotupa chija.
• CA 19-9 (chovomerezeka mlingo - zosakwana 37 mayunitsi / ml.) - pentopeni kwa mtima wa carcinoma pancreatic.
• Chotupa chikhomo SCC (ponseponse si upambana 2.5 ng / ml) ankagwiritsa ntchito kuyan'anila zotsatira za carcinoma khomo lachiberekero Rajka mankhwala m'mphuno, makutu, m'mapapo.
• CA 125 (kololeka mlingo -. Pasanathe 35 U / ml) anagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti aziona zochita za matenda ndi mankhwala carcinoma wa testes lapansi.
• NSE (mlingo chovomerezeka - zosakwana 12 ng / ml) ntchito oterewa ndi kuwunika mphamvu ya mankhwala yaing'ono selo m'mapapo carcinoma.
• HCG (mlingo chovomerezeka kwa amuna - 0-5 IU / mL) pa zotsatira okwera amuna ndi akazi omwe sanali pakati limasonyeza kukhalapo kwa chotupa chotupa.
• Chidutswa cytokeratin 19 (mlingo chovomerezeka - zosakwana 3.2 ng / ml) mogwira ntchito carcinoma selo yaing'ono ya m'mapapo ndi squamous carcinoma ya phapo.
• Prostate pokha Antigen (mlingo chovomerezeka - zosakwana 4.0 ng / ml) mogwira ntchito matenda a Prostate carcinoma.

Kufunika Kupeza Vuto matenda pa siteji oyambirira

Pofuna kupewa mavuto ake oopsa ndi bwino kudziteteza chitukuko cha khansa zilonda, n'kofunika nthawi kuwona dotolo ngati matenda, makamaka ngati banja panali malipoti a khansa.

Kupeza Vuto matenda pa siteji oyambirira ndi mwambo yake ya mankhwala kusunga khalidwe la moyo, kupewa chitukuko cha matenda oyamba ndi kufala kwa metastasis. Choncho kwambiri nkhani kusanthula magazi kwa chotupa zolembera SCC, amene bwino amati kutembenuka Selo magawo oyambirira a khansa.