Zitsanzo m'nthano. Zitsanzo za Mitundu yaing'ono folklore m'nthano ntchito

M'nthano monga folklore ndi luso loganiza gulu la anthu, amene akuganizira chomwe amafotokoza ndi zenizeni m'moyo, achipembedzo worldview. Ntchito imeneyi analengedwa, ndi mtundu wonse zimaonekera ndakatulo, wowerengeka zisudzo, zomangamanga, kuvina komanso Tirhana na Timatheriyali ndi luso zilandiridwenso.

Zitsanzo la anthu amapezeka m'madera ambiri a moyo wamakono anthu, ku kung'ung'uza za lullabies kutsiriza ndi chilengedwe cha zopereka mafashoni.

Zitsanzo za folklore mu kulankhula makamaka wowerengeka songs, miyambi, ndi mawu, mawu kumabweza la mawu akuti ndi anthu tsiku ndi tsiku ndi tsiku.

Major Russian folklore Mitundu

M'nthano ali m'magulu atatu, aliyense ndi cholinga chake zotengera malingaliridwe ndi cholinga ndi systematized, motero, komanso njira ya akuti luso.

Yoyamba ndi epos wowerengeka woimira ntchito kuwalitsa cholinga ziyenera a dziko, oblichonnye mu mawonekedwe Nkhani. Zitsanzo ndakatulo wa mtundu uwu folklore - ndi epics osiyana, m'Chiarabu, mbiri nyimbo ndi ndakatulo achipembedzo.

Prose epic lagawidwa ndi Fairy-nthano ndi prose, woyamba zikuphatikizapo nkhani nyama ndi matsenga anecdotes; chachiwiri - nkhani zoona, nthano nkhani.

Mtundu chachiwiri - mawu kuwalitsa zokumana nazo zotengera malingaliridwe ndi dziko mumtima wa munthu. folklore Izi mankhwala zitsanzo za zimene anafotokoza mu Amadandaula chastushkas ndi nyimbo. zonse izi zikhoza kugawidwa mu malemba miyambo ndi neobryadovye pa cholinga chake.

Mtundu wachitatu ndi wowerengeka ntchito modabwitsa kupatsira ubale ku chenicheni mu zinthu Masewero. Zitsanzo wosewera wa chuma ed, chidole zisudzo, chithunzi zisudzo, miyambo ndi zisangalalo kwambiri.

Yachinayi ndi zinthu folklore kulankhula - mawu, miyambi, matemberero, blagozhelaniya, teasers, mikuluwiko ndi lilime twisters.

Russian mwambo folklore

Iwo agawidwa kalendala ndi banja. Calendar mtundu ndi mgodi yaikulu miyambo ndi zikhulupiriro, miyambo ithandiza munthu kuonetsetsa kupulumuka kwa banja ndi kumidzi, kulera zokolola mu nyama husbandry ndi ulimi. Calendar folklore zinapangidwa chinaonekeranso mwa chaka. Chitsanzo ndi Carnival, umene ukugwira kutsatira malamulo a Russian munthu pa sabata.

Zitsanzo za nthano potengera mtundu banja mwambo - kusisima, zagovornye songs, maula ndi miyambo matsenga kukopa akazi tsogolo ndi chikondi. kuchita chilichonse zokhudza ukwati ndi ukwati komanso motsagana ndi mndandanda wa zinthu wowerengeka mwambo - kugwirana chanza, kuipitsidwa, ndi matchmaking ena.

NKHANI wowerengeka zisudzo

Zitsanzo Russian folklore ndi kungachititse bwalo lamasewera. Akatswiri kugawana zoterezi wowerengeka luso la nthawi wake pa magawo zamoyo zinachita doteatralnoe ndi zisudzo.

Zitsanzo chidwi folklore Russian Tingaone mu mipingu kalendala ndipo kusangalala Mwachitsanzo, mu njira ya mummers, opanga zidole Maslenitsa Yarily, Kupala ndi wagering kanthu ndi iwo. zinthu izi doteatralnyh zochita imapezekanso mwa ukwati banja Mwachitsanzo, chiombolo cha mkwatibwi kapena anzake kusewera udindo wake.

mitundu ed luso wowerengeka yapangidwa Russia chokha cha m'ma 17. Ndi Ndithudi, modabwitsa zisudzo ntchito m'njira yake yamakono.

Kupatukana ndi gulu la akuluakulu a wowerengeka luso, omwe ali mbali ya masewera doteatralnogo folklore pazikhalanso buffoons - kuseketsa anthu, aphunzitsi, ovina ndi oimba.

Zochita za anthu ndakatulo

Ndakatulo nthano zitsanzo zambiri za zimene inalowa mu maphunziro ndi mabuku Russian ndi mawu mbadwa. Awa ndi ntchito za epics wowerengeka, ndakatulo achipembedzo, mbiri yakale songs, nthano zolembalemba, m'Chiarabu, wowerengeka nyimbo ndi ana a ndakatulo nyimbo. Zitsanzo zonsezi nthano nthano adutsa pansi ku mibadwomibadwo, kupanga maziko a mfundo za anthu ndi nthano. Mwachitsanzo, mu epics likutchedwa mwa njira ya ngwazi yadziko, mu nyimbo mbiri imasonyeza matalente ake abwino ndi mwatsatanetsatane; limericks ndi nyimbo ana kupanga nthabwala ndi situational pothana; nthano mu Masewero ndi azithunzithunzi mawonekedwe kusekedwa Makhalidwe oipa a otchuka.

Fairytale wowerengeka prose

polemba chinenero ichi ndi olembedwa ndi m'kamwa mawonekedwe prose, kumasulidwa ku nthano ndi nthano za zochitika chabe zimene zinachitika ndi makhalidwe enieni. Folk nkhani ndi anthu onse a dziko. Iwo ndi chitsanzo mizere ochepa - nthano za nyama za zinthu ndi chikhalidwe zopanda moyo, akupusitsa za mphamvu zoipa matsenga. Ndi mtundu wanyimbo izi folklore mulinso nkhani, anecdotes ndi chokhala chokhala nthano. Akuti ngati Fairy-nthano mtundu wanyimbo akhoza kutuluka ndi kuyenderera wa mtundu wanyimbo andakatulo m'nthano ndi kusandutsa kumbuyo.

Zitsanzo za maphwando a wowerengeka mu chinenero zosiyanasiyana kuposa kulemba, chifukwa cha maganizo zotengera malingaliridwe a owerenga ndi. Izi options chokhala chokhala nthano "The gingerbread Man" ndi "mpiru", "The Fox ndi Crane", "Cat, tambala ndi Fox", "The Fox ndi Nkhandwe." Pakati pa nkhani ya mizimu yoipa kumbukirani "Atsekwe-swans", "Thumba la Mafupa".

Nthano, khalidwe chachikulu - wamatsenga, ndi matsenga a nyama kapena zinthu - Mwachitsanzo, "Ash Finist ndi Chimphamba," "Ivan Tsarevich ndi Gray Wolf," "Malinga Pike". Zomera ndi zochitika zachilengedwe ndi matsenga awo, amapezeka pafupifupi nthano - kulankhula apulo, mitsinje ndi mphepo, kufunafuna malo ogona ndi kusiya kutsatira ngwazi, ndi kupulumutsa munthu ku imfa.

Folk prose - chinsinsi demonology Russian

Wosanjikiza yachiwiri wowerengeka prose - Fairy-nthano. Iye wapereka kwa mbiri ndi zochitika pa moyo namakuuzani ndi ojambula anthu ndi mphamvu zauzimu - mfiti, ziwanda, pakuthawathawa, mafuta onunkhira zotero.

Tikumbukenso kuti zolengedwa zonse anadza kudzapereka mosalingalira kuyambira kale kwambiri ndipo ndi Chikristu chisanayambe inayamba ndi akunja.

Mu gulu la osati Fairy-nthano prose folklore mulinso nkhani ya zinthu zopatulika, zozizwitsa ndi anthu amene amachita oyera mtima - ndi nkhani ya kulankhulana anavumbula wamphamvu kwambiri ndi munthu amene anabwera wachikhristu.

Zitsanzo Prosaic la nthano Fairy-nthano zokhudza mapangidwe, ndi osiyanasiyana ndithu - ndi nthano, ndi nthano nkhani woona, ndi nkhani za maloto.

Modern Russian folklore

Amakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri, ndi pamodzi nthawi kupita mu mzake.

Wosanjikiza loyamba kupanga miyambo wowerengeka ndi zikhulupiriro anasamukira ku zenizeni tsiku. Iwo zogwirizana tsiku mawu pano, chipembedzo ndi tsiku miyambo zikhulupiriro. Zitsanzo za folklore Russian, mmene za moyo wamasiku ano, Tingaone tsiku ndi tsiku (malo tsache tsache kuti kukopa chuma), ndi pa maholide. Mwambo chikondwerero zinthu wowerengeka kodi kuphatikizapo executable pa carols Khirisimasi.

Wosanjikiza lachiwiri la makono m'tawuni folklore ndi wamng'ono kwambiri ndipo kukhulupirira ziphunzitso sayansi zopangidwa, cholinga malinga ndi zikhulupiriro anthu ndi mantha.

Modern m'tawuni folklore

Iye amachita monga egregore gulu chifaniziro cha mantha ndi zikhulupiriro za anthu okhala m'mizinda, inayambira pa nthawi mafakitale, pamene zinthu molimba amoyo ndi patsogolo luso anali superimposed pa zigawo wakale wa zikhulupiriro wakale Russian.

Zitsanzo folklore akuganizira chi Russian zenizeni, kwakukulukulu lolunjika pa mitundu yambiri ya mantha anthu. Nthawi zambiri, awa ndi songs, miyambo ndi manja anafuna kuwapempha kuti mizimu ( "Mfumukazi Spades" gnomes, etc.): mizukwa, mizimu ya kanjedza zosiyanasiyana za mbiri yakale, komanso chodabwitsa cha Mulungu anakonza ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana.

zinthu payekha folklore ndi mbali ya kafukufuku zochokera khalidwe mafakitale chiphunzitsochi.

Zitsanzo za folklore m'tawuni kuti ntchito nthano ano anasefukira Internet - Nthano kutsekedwa kwa okwerera yapansi ndi nthambi ya bunkers disused ndi osiyanasiyana yosatha ndi nawo limodzi ndi nkhani ya zipinda mwachinsinsi, makina ndi zamoyo.

Zolembalemba folklore - kuchokera m'masiku masiku ano

mabuku Russian, wodzala ndi zinthu wowerengeka, ogaŵikana zigawo ziwiri: yatsikira kwa ife m'nyengo ya zaka 12-16, umene ndi kuthandiza kumanga aliyense kenako zithunzi chophiphiritsa; anapanga kuchokera pa 17 kufika 19 CC. pogwiritsa ntchito zithunzi izi mu nkhani zawo. Choncho, folklore zitsanzo mabuku zimapezeka nthawi zonse ntchito. Taganizirani yotchuka kwambiri m'munsimu.

Zitsanzo m'nthano "Ikani" zigwirizana makamaka a zophiphiritsira chabe kufananitsa atchulidwa ndi milungu Amitundu Mwachitsanzo, amatchedwa Boyan chidzukulu Velez, Akalonga anatchula Dazhdbog zidzukulu, ndi mphepo - Stribozhimi adzukulu. Komanso pempho la wolemba kwa Hatchi Wamkulu.

Mabuku ano, zinthu folklore ntchito ndi atchulidwa mu njira ya moyo wawo.

Zitsanzo za folklore mu ndakatulo "Ndani Limasintha Chabwino mu Russia" kuchokera kumunda wa ang'ono ndi m'nyimbo genera wowerengeka, kuphatikizapo mawu, wowerengeka songs, miyambi ( "Alemekezeke udzu haystack, ndipo mbuye - mu bokosi"), kutchulidwa zizindikiro dziko (chaputala "osauka" kumene m'mudzimo Matrona mlandu zokolola osauka kuti "... ine kuvala malaya oyera Khirisimasi ..."), komanso mayikidwe mu lemba la anthu nyimbo Russian ( "corvée", "njala") ndi ntchito ya zilembo wopatulika M'ndandanda ( amuna asanu ndi awiri, akadzidzi zisanu ndi ziwiri).

Small folklore Mitundu

Zachinyengo mtundu wa m'nthano yaing'ono m'gulu moyo wa munthu chibadwire. nyimbo iyi nazale, zitsanzo zomwe Tingaone mu kuyankhulana mayi ndi mwanayo. Choncho, Pestushko (nyimbo ya mtundu ndakatulo), nazale rhymes (Song-mawu m'chinenero chamanja chala amangomvera ndi miyendo ya mwanayo), nthabwala, zaklichkah, kuwerengera, lilime twisters ndi mikuluwiko wapatsidwa kayendedwe kofunika thupi kayendedwe auze storylines yosavuta.

Choyamba mu moyo folklore Mitundu munthu

Lullabies ndi pestushki akuchokera wakale. Ali mbali ya otchedwa ndakatulo akuchikazi, gawo la moyo wa mwanayo kwa tsiku la kubadwa kwake.

Pestushki ndi rhythmic ziganizo yochepa kuti ayende ntchito za amayi ndi akhanda. Iwo ali pa ndime ndi nkhani za mungoli n'kofunika.

Lullaby mawu ake ndi nyimbo umalimbana kukwaniritsa mwana tulo boma ndi sikutanthauza chida chilichonse nyimbo. polemba chinenero ichi pali nthawi zonse zinthu za chithumwa amateteza wakhanda kwa magulu a adani.

Nazale nyimbo zitsanzo za zimene tatchulazi ndi amakezana folklore mapangidwe.