Wambiri I. S. Nikitina. andakatulo Russian

Ndakatulo ndi wolemba Ivan Nikitin ndi ntchito zake sali m'gulu maphunziro kusukulu mabuku. dzina tsopano zodziwika kokha kwa ophunzira Inde mabuku Russian pa mlingo zakuya. Ivan Nikitin zambiri sankadziwa ngakhale anthu amene kuimba nyimbo ndakatulo wake.

theka aiwala zapamwamba

The Russian mabuku kutsutsa nyengo Soviet panali ufumu khola la makhalidwe zolembalemba, chimene, olemba zonse za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi ndi pachikhalidwe malinga ndi kufunika kwake. Malinga ndi utsogoleri wolowezana pakati pa nyenyezi za kukula woyamba uli wolemba Nikitin Ivan Savich. Iye chimatengedwa ngati tingachipeze powerenga, ndipo, ndithudi, palibe amene waiwala. Amadziwika kuti Ivan Nikitin - wolemba ndakatulo wa hinterland Russian.

Koma izo analandira pambuyo kulanda wa m'nthawi kwambiri. Yesetsani kumvetsa mmene wolungama.

Mfundo kuchokera yonena za mabuku otchuka a ku Russia

Wambiri I. S. Nikitina zimachokera ku Voronezh. Ndi mu iyi mzinda wakale zigawo za ndakatulo tsogolo anabadwa mu 1824. Iye anakhala mwana mu m'banja lolemera wamalonda amene analipo pa zasungidwa wa ang'ono-ang'ono malonda ritelo. Ivan Nikitin bwinobwino anaphunzitsidwa ndi seminare Voronezh. Komabe, kumaliza mapangidwe wauzimu sanali kudzaonekera. Zonse mbiri zina I. S. Nikitina akhoza kukhala osiyana kwambiri malangizo, ngati bambo wake anali lenilenili pamaziko a kuledzera mosalekeza, ndipo N'zomvetsa chisoni si banja mu umphawi.

Chiyambi cha njira kulenga

Mnyamatayo anali yopezera zofunika pa moyo paokha. Iye kusiya maphunziro ake ku seminare ndi kupeza ntchito pa alendo. Komabe, seminarian kale amasonyeza khalidwe la kupirira - limati kwambiri, chinkhoswe kudzipatsa maphunziro, kuphunzira zilankhulo. Ndinawerenga zapamwamba choyambirira mabuku dziko. Iye amayesetsa dzanja lake pa ndakatulo ndi prose.

Mu nthawi imeneyi mozungulira njira yake ndi Raznochinnaya Voronezh luntha. Ndipo bwalo ili waliuma kwambiri ndi ngati ofanana. Choncho, Ivan Savich Nikitin, ubwana ndi unyamata omwe anadutsa mu umphawi ndi mavuto, anapanga njira woyamba bwino ndi kuzindikira. The sukulu wankhanza wa moyo, chinathandiza osati oipa khalidwe lake, koma kwakukulukulu anatsimikiza kusankha zithunzi ndi anthu amene iye tidzayesedwa ndi za mtsogolo kulowa mabuku Russian. Capital anthu posachedwapa kuphunzira zambiri latsopano ndi chidwi nkhani kuwerenga Nikitina Ivana Savvicha a zigawo Voronezh.

mabuku otchuka

Zolembalemba Wambiri I. S. Nikitina inayamba mu zaka zoyambilira za Voronezh. Ngakhale kuti kwambiri zimene analemba mu nthawi iyi si khalidwe palokha kwathunthu, ndi mu Voronezh nyuzipepala akuzigawo lofalitsidwa ndakatulo wake "Lazaro" unachitika zolembalemba kuwonekera koyamba kugulu a ndakatulo iyi. Buku sanasangalale nazo ku likulu mabuku a Russian Ufumu. Ndipo izo osati phunziro lenileni la ndakatuloyi anadzipereka kwa Crimea nkhondo.

Zolembalemba otsutsa mabuku mzinda, amene anali tinalisindikizanso ndakatulo otchulidwa luso m'maganizo a ntchito ndi kumatikumbutsabe woonekeratu wa ndakatulo wa wotchuka Voronezh wina - posachedwapa wakufayo ndakatulo Alekseya Koltsova. Zinali kuzindikira undoubted. Provincial ndakatulo anaona kuwerenga otsutsa boma ndi zolembalemba ananeneratu m'tsogolo kwambiri.

Ndakatulo "nkhonya"

Buku lalikulu kwambiri pa ntchito ndakatulo Ivana Nikitina mosavuta kusiyana mfundo autobiographical. Mu ndakatulo imeneyi, nkhani si imachitika pa anthu wamba, monga akhoza anaganiza ku dzina, koma chilengedwe bourgeois wa mzinda waukulu zigawo. The ngwazi waukulu ndakatuloyi - khalidwe mwangwiro negative. Izi ang'onoang'ono msika malonda ndi middleman. Kwa phindu la munthu kukonzekera kuuma aliyense ndi adzaleka kanthu. Sitingathe kunena kuti Ivan Nikitin mwachindunji amasonyezera pa khalidwe la bambo ake, koma ambiri khalidwe anatenga izo chifukwa chokumbukira ubwana wa moyo mu Voronezh. Mosavuta anaonekela ndakatulo ndi anthu ena ndi mavuto a ndakatulo a. Pamaso Ivan Nikitin si kawirikawiri anakumana mu mabuku Russian mitundu amenewa. Mu njira zambiri ingathandize sewero Ostrovsky, lomwe kulibe masiku amenewo.

Ndakatulo "nkhonya" anazindikira ndi losavuta owerenga Russian, ndipo likulu zotsutsa zolembalemba. Makamaka ntchito analankhula kwambiri Moscow wolemba Dob. Wotsutsa anaona ntchito ya ndakatulo ya Voronezh mwamphamvu nthawi yomweyo azithunzithunzi sewero pakati kalasi mores chilengedwe, zomwe olemba ena ankakonda mwakachetechete kunyalanyaza. M'lingaliro, wolemba Nikitin anakhala mpainiya ake. M'tsogolo, nkhaniyi walandira chitukuko wamphamvu ntchito zambiri powerenga mabuku Russian wa chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi ndi zaka makumi awiri.

wamba nyimbo

Koyamba, Wambiri I. S. Nikitina wopanda zochitika zikuluzikulu ndipo motsatana mosayembekezereka. Iye sanali nawo nkhondo kapena zachiwawa kapena kusintha. Moyo wa ndakatulo Ivan Nikitin kunalibe zotsalira ali odzipereka ku ntchito ya mabuku Russian. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndakatulo yake - wapadera chithumwa zinyama mbadwa. Ochepa a m'nthawi yake, iye anatha pochitika ndi luso yemweyo kuti Ivan Nikitin. "Morning," mmodzi mwa ndakatulo wotchuka kwambiri - Chitsanzo Nikitinskaya ubusa ndakatulo. Koma n'kofunika n'kunditonthoza yosavuta wantchito. Wolemba ndakatulo limanena za chiyembekezo cha moyo amene amagwira ntchito pa nthaka kapena kokani kunja moyo wovutika wa kunja kwa mzinda. Ndipo akufotokoza kusagwirizana akuoneka ndi boma la zochitika.

Izi mutu mabuku Russian kwa kudziwika Nikolai Nekrasov. Koma Ivan Nikitin za ichi patsogolo Nekrasov. Ndipo ambiri Chofunika - wolemba ndakatulo anali anamva ndi anthu a m'nthawi yake. Iwo anatchula mawu ake ndi ana. Iye yathandiza kwambiri pa anthu amene anabwera mu ndakatulo Russian m'malo mwake.

Ivan Savich Nikitin. "Msonkhano wa chisanu"

andakatulo ambiri nthawi yawo ankakonda chaka. Osati pachiyambi ndi lingaliro limeneli ndi ndakatulo Ivan Nikitin. Zima ndi zambiri kasupe, chilimwe ndi autumn. Izi zinali zosavuta ndikuganiza mphamvu ya kumverera m'nyimbo amene amaonetsera chipale anaphimba expanses wa Russian ndi kumizidwa mu kusuntha kwa chisanu m'midzi. Wokwanira kuwerenga yekha ndakatulo wotchuka "Msonkhano wa yozizira." Zonsezi Tingaone kuposa zina zachidule yosavuta malo. Zima ndakatulo - osati mmodzi wa nyengo zinayi pa chaka, ndi chilengedwe organic njira imene Russian ndi kukula ndi mphamvu indomitable wauzimu.

Izi zili chimodzimodzi ndi zachinsinsi mphamvu ya umene uli wosweka mano kwambiri wogonjetsa European mfumu Napoleon Bonaparte. Ndipo, mosakayika, udzaona tsoka chomwecho mu tsogolo la amene angayerekeze kuti apitirize ntchito yake yonse: "Ndipo Mkuntho grist zotsalira ake mu Russia"

Folk nyimbo ndi romances chakale

Song pa mavesi Ivan Nikitin "Tinapita ku chilungamo Uhar wamalonda" amadziwika Russia. wowerengeka ake ndikukhulupirira, ndi anthu ochepa kuzindikira kuti nyimbo ali ndi wolemba kwenikweni - Russian ndakatulo za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, Ivan Savich Nikitin. Mawu a nyimbo iyi ali yofanana ambiri. Iwo amagwira oimba Pop mu kalembedwe chanson, komanso kumwa nyimbo pamaukwati ndi zikondwerero wowerengeka. Izo zakhala kuposa zaka theka kuyambira nyimbo ndi za Uhar wamalonda anayang'ana kwa wolemba ndi moyo ndi ufulu. Pa anthu ochepa chomwecho mukuganiza kuti choyambirira Kuzindikira khalidwe labwino la ndakatulo zinali zosiyana kwambiri. Ndipo wolemba angadabwe kwambiri ngati anali kuyembekezera kumva kutanthauzira yamakono ya ntchito yake. Koma ambiri, iye akanakhoza kukhala osangalala.

Akatswiri a mabuku akuganiza kuti mavesi a ndakatulo iyi Ivan Nikitin analemba nyimbo zoposa makumi asanu ndi romances. Ntchito zake analankhula chotero analemba wotchuka ngati Vasily Kalinnikov ndi Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. Siyense ndakatulo Russian akhoza kudzitama chidwi kwambiri kuti zilandiridwenso.

mapeto a mbiri ya

Akukhulupirira kuti zaka woyimba ku Russia ndi sakhalitsa kwambiri. Ndipo maganizo mosavuta anatsimikizira mwa zitsanzo zambiri. Wambiri I. S. Nikitina inatha mu October 1861. Pa zaka makumi atatu mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri, wolemba ndakatulo anafa kwawo ku mowa. matenda m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi a gulu osachiritsika. Ivan Nikitin anaikidwa kumanda mzinda, Suli kutali kuloŵedwa m'malo ake Alekseya Koltsova. Imfa yosayembekezereka ya wolemba ndakatulo wa Voronezh ali zinaonedwa mu dziko Russian mabuku. Uthenga wachisoni kwa Voronezh anayankha obituaries mabuku ambiri matauni. Kuchuluka owerenga chidwi ndi ntchito za ndakatulo iyi. circulations chidwi anali angandisindikizirenso zopereka zake kale a ndakatulo ndi prose. Ndipo mabuku amatulutsidwa. Kukumbukira ndakatulo wakhala moyo imeneyi mu kwawo ku dzina la mmodzi wa mabwalo a. Iye anapatsidwa dzina Nikitinskaya. Mu 1911 kunali chipilala kwa countryman kwambiri kwa oyamikira Voronezh.