Waukulu mitundu matabwa, makhalidwe, gulu ndi ukulu

Masiku ano, pafupifupi gawo la chuma limagwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana mankhwala zolinga nkhuni. Ichi ndi chifukwa wapadera katundu wa nkhaniyi. Kupanga mankhwala si koma akhoza m'malo. Choncho, kupanga nkhuni umabala mitundu yosiyana matabwa.

katundu wawo ndi gulu la mtengo mwatsatanetsatane kuganizira.

Features Ofunika

mankhwala Wood amapangidwa ndi kudula. Choncho dzina. Kufunika kwa mfundo imeneyi chifukwa limapezeka ndi chiwerengero cha makhalidwe. Ilipo mitundu ya mitengo anachekedwa ndi yosiyanasiyana. Ali wochezeka ndiponso kuti azisangalala zokondweretsa. Komanso, iwo ali amphamvu, yodziwika ndi moyo wautali utumiki.

Komabe, pali mtengo ndi makhalidwe oipa. Ngati matabwa anaziona molakwa kukonzedwa kapena ntchito mu zinthu zoipa, angasonyeze kuwola awo, chiwonongeko.

The ndondomeko kusankha m'pofunika kulabadira khalidwe la mankhwala. Ngati matabwa analoledwa kuti ziume bwino, adzakhululukidwa olumala. Choncho, muyenera kudziwa chimene katundu mtundu uliwonse wa mankhwala.

Gawo

Pali zizindikiro zambiri zimene kugawa mitundu ikuluikulu ya matabwa m'magulu. Wotchuka kwambiri ndi gulu la mtundu wa odulidwa:

1. Board.
2. Brus.
3. Bar.
4. Wogona.
5. Croaker.

kusiyana A amadziwikanso edging ndi edging zipangizo. Mbali yoyamba, pa workpiece mankhwala kuchokera kumbali zonse, ndi lachiwiri - mmodzi yekha. Pali posakaniza mitundu.

Mu njira kudula workpiece kusiyanitsa, zozungulira ndipo tangential. Gawo ili zimadalira pamalo a odulidwa ndi kulemekeza mphete mtengo pachaka.

Chinthu china chofunika ndi chinyezi wa mtundu wa. zipangizo youma ndi chizindikiro ichi pa msinkhu wa 8-10%. mankhwala ameneŵa olimba, ntchito zokongoletsa Mwachitsanzo, pansi pogona. matabwa Universal ndi chinyezi 12-15%. Izi preform kwa baseboards, casings, matabwa. The matabwa akunja ndi mnyontho oposa 18%. Iwo ali oyenera cladding ndi wapakamwa, kupanga dongosolo denga.

zakuthupi

The mitundu ikuluikulu ya ulimi wa matabwa ndi kumadalira mtundu wa mtengo. Pali deciduous ndi coniferous mitundu. Recent zambiri ntchito zonse nyumba kubala ndi simenti. Yolimba ntchito yokongola, monga iwo ndi maonekedwe zokongoletsa.

The mitundu iwiri nkhuni zosiyanasiyana mtengo. Softwood lililonse limatisokoneza, anakhudzidwa ndi malo akunja. Osiyanasiyana ntchito wawo uli ndi malire, kotero iwo ndi yopindulitsa kwambiri mtengo.

Koma hardwoods, ngakhale mtengo kwambiri, ndi cholimba kwambiri ndi yokhalitsa. Pakati paini softwood nthawi ankangomva kuti ntchito zina kuwamaliza. Mulinso mitundu broadleaved zambiri ntchito thundu, phulusa, mumamera mapulo, birch ndi linden.

matabwa

Maonekedwe matabwa zifukwa zoonekeratu kumadalira osati kokha pa nkhuni. processing amakhudza makhalidwe aliyense mankhwala. Mmodzi wa ambiri ndi bar. Izo ntchito mu kusinthika kwa onse khungu ndi nyumba ufulu nyumba.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya mitengo. Zambiri mtundu (sanali pachimake) amawoneka ngati chipika anachitira ndi mbali 4. Koma zina mankhwala ofanana. Mphako mtengo amapangidwa mu mawonekedwe zodziwika bwino. Nthawi zambiri ndi rectangle kuti ali mphako pansipa. Matabwa kukolola kwa udidi nyumba zing'onozing'ono. Iwo amagwira kutentha bwino, ndi kuchuluka otsika mapindikidwe (ngati kukonzedwa bwino matabwa). ndani angathe kukhala osiyana kwambiri.

Palinso bala glued. Iwo anasonkhana ku lamellae ndi bwino makhalidwe. Ndi pafupifupi sakubwerera, si osokoneza. Masiku ano ndi otchuka bala cylindrical. Iwo ali mkulu makhalidwe zokongoletsa.

bolodi

Mitundu ya matabwa kudula angalenge zosiyanasiyana akalumikidzidwa katundu. Anthu ambiri zosiyanasiyana ndi bolodi. Lonse osiyanasiyana tanthauzo lake. Malinga mtundu wa matabwa ndi lolondola processing ake, mankhwala amenewa ali kugwiritsidwa ntchito akhakula, komanso yokongola. Matabwa mu kufunika kwa mipando, partitions, nyumba yaing'ono dziko, etc. Iwo anawagawa 5 sukulu ..:

1. Kusankha - ntchito Interiors mkulu-yotsiriza, komanso shipbuilding.
2. Woyamba ndi wachiwiri kalasi ndi yabwino kwa chilengedwe cha amadzibisa mipando.
3. M'kalasi yachitatu ntchito yomanga.
4. kalasi chinayi yabwino kwa chilengedwe cha mabokosi ma CD.

Makulidwe, mlingo processing, makhalidwe chuma kwenikweni kuganizira mu ndondomeko kusankha.

mitundu ya matabwa

Pali njira zambiri bolodi gulu. Aliyense mtundu uli ndi ubwino komanso kuipa. Pamafunika lero yazokonza pansi. Wosanjikiza pansi unapangidwa processing akhakula nkhuni, ndi pamwamba wapangidwa ndi mitundu osankhika. More pa kopita kusiyanitsa yamakhonde, zenera sills ndi zomangamanga bolodi.

Yoyamba ndi kuwala koma cholimba mankhwala. Linapangidwa makamaka nkhuni otentha. Board kwa zenera sills ali impregnation wapadera ndi yodziwika ndi kuyanika wabwino. Engineering mitundu nacho wosanjikiza kunsi kwa plywood ndi chapamwamba iwo ndi mtengo achilengedwe.

kuumbidwa

Imodzi mwa mitundu masiku ano anthu ambiri amakonda matabwa zambali ndi. Izi mitundu ya mitengo ntchito kuphimba mkati ndi kunja. Ngakhale zikalata luso mtundu wa mankhwala otchedwa Matabwa tagwirizana.

Mbiri kwa akalowa angakhale osiyana. Nkhani yomwe akadaulula amenenso yodziwika ndi osiyanasiyana. Pamene anasankha zinthu opaleshoni nkhani. Pakuti youma zipinda conifers abwino ndi zofewa mitundu deciduous.

Ngati izi osambira chipinda, kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu utomoni wonunkhira nkhuni sikuloledwa. Apo ayi, mukhoza kupeza kutenthedwa. Pakuti cladding panja ntchito matabwa olimba. Asonyezedwa zinthu zosiyana kutalikitsa moyo utumiki.

Sleepers, mwakemu chabwino

Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala mu ankafuna lero, izi mitundu ya mitengo ngati sleepers mwakemu chabwino. Izi yopapatiza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, koma kufunika zovuta Musaone.

Railway sleepers nkhuni ndi zinthu zambiri poyerekeza ndi mitundu konkire. Iwo bwino zichepetse kugwedera kwa treniyo, adzatsekeredwa kugwira njanji lapansi.

Kufunika kwa yokonza zonse za njira alipo kulankhulana, komanso kuika mizere latsopano amafuna wambirimbiri sleepers apamwamba. Iwo matabwa okwera mtengo, chifukwa sleepers ali pansi akatundu olemera ndi makhalidwe chokhwima zachilengedwe. Iwo impregnated ndi zinthu zapadera kupewa njira kuwola, chiwonongeko mofulumira. Malinga mtundu wa sitima ulendo posts mzere, sitima sleepers ntchito kalasi yosiyana mphamvu.

Ndi kwambiri mbali matabwa mitundu ndi mwakemu yaing'ono. Zikuphatikizapo baseboards, ngodya, mafelemu, mikanda glazing. Iwo amapanga zosiyanasiyana headroom. Zimenezi zimathandiza kusankha njira yabwino aliyense.

slab

Pa kupanga matabwa kapena matabwa analandira slab. tsidya lino la matabwa. Pa dzanja limodzi, matabwa izi ndi otukukira kunja, ndi zina - mosabisa. Nkhanizi ndi tsopano zikufunika kwambiri. Makonzedwe a nyumba osakhalitsa, malo mafakitale croaker kwathunthu ntchito.

Komanso lero, anthu otchuka kwambiri kugwira kukongoletsa ndi thandizo la mtundu wa matabwa. Croaker umakaniko kukonzedwa yekha ndi dzanja limodzi, choncho pamaso unsembe ntchito ndi kuvomerezedwa impregnated ndi antiseptic wapadera. Apo ayi, patapita zaka zingapo wa slabs isanduke fumbi. The mtengo wotsika kuvumbitsira otchuka. Pali madera atsopano kumene nkhaniyi ntchito.

miyeso

Mitundu ya matabwa ndi ntchito yawo kudziwa kukula. Mtundu uliwonse wa mankhwalawa ali zodziwika yake mawonekedwe malire a. Makulidwe nthawi zina kudziwa dzina la mankhwala. bolodi ndi konsekonse mankhwala onse kuposa makulidwe awiri.

Ngati ubale izi sakukhutitsidwa, mankhwala amatchedwa bar. m'lifupi wake ndi zosakwana kawiri makulidwe a. Ndipo matabwa zambiri osachepera mwachindunji miyeso. The makulidwe ndipo m'lifupi ayenera kukhala woposa 100 mm.

Ochiritsira matabwa kutalika 6 m. Magawo m'lifupi ndi makulidwe ndi muyezo 100 100 mamilimita 100 150 mamilimita kapena mamilimita 150 mpaka 150. Ngati ntchito amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo ndi miyeso zikuluzikulu, mankhwala anu lidzakhala lilipo pa pempho. Koma mtengo adzakhala ambiri apamwamba muyezo. Choncho, kupanga zomangidwazo injiniya ayenera kuganizira miyeso izi.

Board likupezeka malinga ndi mfundo. wochindikala ndi 25, 40, 50 mm. Kutalika ndi amangoona 4, 5 kapena 6 mamita ndipo m'lifupi - 100 kapena 150 mm. kapamwamba Nthawi zambiri ndi miyeso muyezo 40 40 kapena mamilimita 50 50. billet kutalika kungakhale 3, 4, 5 kapena 6 m.

Chirichonse yazokonza pansi lero anamasulidwa mtundu wa matabwa. Ali ndi m'lifupi mamilimita 85 kuti 140. Malinga ndi katundu mlingo wa makulidwe ake ndi ku 27 kuti 45 mm. Standard miyeso chofunika kuganizira mu ndondomeko kamangidwe.

The mitundu ikuluikulu ya matabwa, katundu wawo, ntchito, aliyense angathe kukatenga mtundu woyenera wa mankhwala kwa chilengedwe. A zosiyanasiyana akalumikidzidwa, kukula kwake komanso zipangizo limalola ntchito zawo m'munda chilichonse cha zochita za anthu.