Vladimir Mayakovsky: mavesi amene kophweka

Russian ndakatulo imagwira ndi zachilendo, izo Chili kukongoletsa mawu ophiphiritsa ndi futurism kuwongoka, malinga mungoli ndi momveka syllable yeniyeni. List woyimba Russian chinenero moona wosatha - Pushkin, Tyutchev, Blok, Mayakovsky. Mavesi amene kophweka, zinalembedwa ndi olemba osiyana, koma Iron Ntchito ya ndakatulo imodzi ya losaiwalika kwambiri. Tiyeni tiyese kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake chimodzi cha bwino mabuku athu.

kuganiza ambiri

Ake kapena chikondi kapena chidani, mtima ndale kuti izo samaoneka. Mayakovsky analemba ndakatulo ana, odes dziko lawo, epigrams yochepa - talente yake kunali kosatheka kuti galimoto ena mafelemu. Converge ndi mafani ndi otsutsa mu umodzi - anali Mosakayikira mphatso. Njira nzeru kwa ndakatulo akulemba, wotchuka "makwerero", limene, mogwirizana ndi ena, inali njira kupeza ambiri mizere, pamene ena amakhulupirira kuti mtundu uwu wa ndakatulo pofuna kusonyeza kayendedwe ka ntchito zawo. A nambala yaikulu neologisms, ngakhale ogwera panthawi imeneyo, koma akuwonetseredwa mu lyric Mayakovsky makamaka yowala - ichi ndi chimene chimasiyanitsa izo kuchokera angapo andakatulo ena m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri.

Pofuna yabwino

Kuti Mayakovsky ndakatulo, lomwe ndi kophweka, analemba mosavuta, sikutheka. Anthu ena amanena kuti maola Iron ndakatulo ntchito pa rhymes Anadzaza m'mabuku wawo wonse. Aliyense ndakatulo ake anali kuuluka ku ungwiro, kulingalira maganizo ndi unstressed syllables, kukhala bwino pakati pawo, ndi kusankha kayendedwe wangwiro ngakhale nerifmuyuschihsya mbali ya ndakatuloyi. Amadziwika kuti munthu zamakono mabuku a ndakatulo Pushkin anali, ngakhale kuti mu 1910, wolemba akuyamba amatidwa kampeni "bwererani Tolstoy, Dostoevsky ndi Pushkin sitima ya modernity". Ndi mafano oterowo sangathe kulemba zoipa, sichoncho? Mwa njira, Vladimir Vladimirovich ngakhale ali ndakatulo wodzipereka kwa dzuwa andakatulo Russian - "Ufulu", limene ankaoneka kuti ndi kukambirana ndi aphunzitsi awo.

Ngati chiyambi cha ndakatulo anati zambiri mabuku chikhalidwe (iye ndisanadye nthawi kuona zochita zonse za nkhondo pa nthawi ya Futurism), pomwe zosonkhanitsira kutsogoloku namatetule wake anaonetseredwa momveka bwino kuti ndakatulo wamng'ono ankaona si ngakhale mkati kubofuturizma kumene kuukira ndi mawonekedwe ake, ndipo pambuyo pawo - pang'onopang'ono amakhala ndi muyezo wa gulu latsopano. Komanso, iye akugwira m'madera monga sewero, mafilimu a kanema (ndi luso onse akuchita ndi ayendetsa) - anthu ochepa chabe amene akudziwa za masamba awa Iron moyo. Komabe, Mayakovsky ndakatulo, lomwe ndi kophweka, mu nthawi iyi pafupi kutha kulemba: zifukwa n'komwe zithunzi za mawu ake anamira mu moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa mizere yozungulira. Tikhoza kunena kuti makumi zokhudza mtundu wa mavuto mu ntchito ya ndakatulo iyi.

umembala chipani

anthu ambiri kuzindikira izo zokha monga mlembi lyrics, ulemerero ku Soviet Union mu mawonekedwe ake onse. Kuti yekha ndi "pasipoti" Mayakovsky ndakatulo imene anapanga nyimbo chenicheni cha anthu pa nthawi imeneyo Komanso ngakhale mu sukulu kwa zaka zambiri mu phunziro la mtima ndakatulo ali analoweza ndakatulo. Imodzi mwa mizere wake, "Ine kunja kwa mwendo lonse," iye anapita kwa anthu, kukhala mwina kwambiri tamutchula mabuku Russian, pokhala anamenyedwa ku ambirimbiri aphorisms ndipo molimba okhala mu malingaliro a anthu. Komanso, ambiri a mawu ana, monga "Kodi kukhala" "Kavalo-moto", "Kodi chabwino ndi choipa," monga zinapatsira ndi amajambulapo maluwa okongola chosintha. Koma ochepa mukudziwa kuti Communist Party ndakatulo anali pamavuto: anatuluka ngakhale mu khumi zoyambirira za m'ma makumi awiri, pamene pambuyo koma kumangidwa lina chizolowezi mfundo za Social-Democratic Labor Party, iye anam'tulutsa pa belo mayi. Choncho, chakuti kwambiri mphamvu ya Soviet Union anapanga sanali olimbanawo, ndilo amene ndiye ndi munthu sanaganize kwenikweni chodabwitsa. Mwina tikhoza kunena kuti ubale ndi maulamuliro Mayakovsky anali wabwino, anayesetsa kupitiriza otsenzurivaniyu mawu ake pofuna kuchotsa izo zolinga kunachitika.

Lily

Ambiri a ndakatulo awo ankakonda Mayakovsky zokhudzana ndi moyo wawo mu chikondi ndi Lily Brik - mkazi amene wakhala mphamvu zambiri pa mapangidwe monga fano zolembalemba ndi chikhalidwe a ndakatulo iyi. Wotchuka "M'malo kulemba," "Mverani", "Chikondi" adzalola owerenga kuona mawu atsopano, modzichepetsa tiweramitse mutu wanga kutsogolo kwa bwenzi lake. Akukhulupirira kuti ntchito zimenezi wawalankhula Vladimir Brik izo.

Kuti iye anali mdalitso Iron kapena temberero, Sikutheka ndi kofunika kumvetsa kuti anali zikomo kwa iye Vladimir Vladimirovich anali apulumuke yoikidwayo iye zaka zingapo kutentha kwa chilakolako ndi akumenya mosalekeza, osati kudzichepetsa, kuti kuti ndithudi anawononga luntha lake ndi sanapatsidwe kulenga ndakatulo zimene tikhoza kunena: "Mayakovsky. Mavesi ndi kophweka. "