Vasiliy Andreevich Zhukovsky ndi Pushkin dzina lake Aleksandr Sergeevich: Mbiri ya ubwenzi, ntchito poyerekezera

Zhukovsky ndi Pushkin - maina aakulu awiri mbiri ya mabuku Russian, ndi geniuses awiri, amuna awiri akuluakulu. miyoyo osiyana, anthu osiyana, ndipo chotero ubwenzi kwa zaka zambiri! Kodi apamtima Zhukovsky ndi Pushkin, mwachidule anafotokoza mu malo ambiri. Tiyeni kuyesa kufufuzanso.

prehistory

Vasiliy Andreevich Zhukovsky - anabadwa mu 1783, a wapathengo mwana wa mwinimunda Afanasiya Bunina. Kumupatsa mpata maphunziro ndi udindo zina anthu, Bunin anapatsa mnyamata kukhazikitsidwa losauka fuko lomveka Andrey Zhukovsky. Zimenezi zinathandiza kuti angakonze mwana wamphatso mu nyumba yabwino mlendo, kumene chinayamba talente yake zolembalemba.

zaka khumi ndi zisanu kenako, mu 1799, mu osauka koma wolemekezeka wolemekezeka banja malo inde mabuku Russian - dzina lake Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin. Pa zaka 13 iye analembedwa Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, kumene osiyana mokondwera Mwaichi, Ambiri Amakonda zoipa ndi kupanduka, tikamapita cheni sayansi masamu ndi luso polenga katswiri ndakatulo.

womdziwa

Ali ndi zaka 17, Alexander akukumana ndi Vasiliem Andreevichem, amene ankakonda m'njira Tsarskoye Selo, anali pa mawu kucheza ndi banja Pushkin , ndipo anapezeka wotchuka zolembalemba okonzera mumzindamo.

Nthawi imeneyi, dzina lake Aleksandr Pushkin kale wotchuka kwa chiwerengero cha ndakatulo, pamene Zhukovsky zilandiridwenso ndi pa chimake: izo kuphunzira kuwerenga kuchokera kwa madzulo, kuphunzira mawu mavesi ndakatulo ndi Mabaibulo. Vasily kale pafupi banja lachifumu, ndipo imazungulira mu mabwalo apamwamba.

Kodi pafupi limodzi ngati anthu ooneka ngati osiyana, Zhukovsky ndi Pushkin, a misinkhu yosiyanasiyana, chuma chawo ndiponso ntchito? Mwina chikondi choyamba mabuku ndi kudziwa kalembedwe ndakatulo. Pushkin anali kuwerenga Zhukovsky, iye kuonera odzipereka a wake, ndi Vasily anatha pomwepo kuona ndalama ndakatulo wa mnzake wachinyamata ndi wopulupudza. Adamuwona pa tsogolo kwambiri.

zinthu wamba

Chikondi mabuku chinachititsa kuti zinthu wamba ndi mitu ya nkhani. Pushkin pamodzi ndi Zhukovsky ndi makolo ake anayamba kupita ku moyo Karamzin Batiushkov ndi olemba ena odziwika. Pamodzi ndi bwenzi lake atakula, iye anadzakhala membala wa bwalo "Arzamas", kumene anaphunzitsidwa ndakatulo analemba ndi kulankhula ndakatulo, mpikisano luso zolembalemba. Mugone Zhukovsky ndi Pushkin anayamba ofunda ndi kukhulupirira. The zaka kusiyana sanaletse ubwenzi izi: wanzeru wa munthu ndi nthawi zambiri anathandiza kuziziritsa Changu cha unyamata wina.

kulenga machesi

ntchito Zhukovsky ali kudziwika kwa ife mu njira zambiri chifukwa cha nkhani yake. Pushkin akunena kuti ndi mwana wa Vasily, chifukwa ndi maphwando a wake nkhani kuti anauzira wamng'ono Alexander kulenga katswiri wawo.

Mu 1831, pambuyo ukapolo wake Mikhailovskoye, Pushkin anayambitsa bwenzi lake "nthano ndi Wansembe ndi wantchito Wake Balda" ndipo zithunzi zina zingapo. Zhukovsky wofunika kwambiri ntchito ndi nsembe kulowa mpikisano azithunzithunzi. Mtsutsano kogwirizana ndi Zhukovsky ndi Pushkin kulemba nkhani kalembedwe wowerengeka. Choncho panali wotchuka "nthano ya Tsar Saltan ndi mwana wake Guidon ..." ndipo "The nthano za Akufa Mfumukazi ..." Pushkin ndi Zhukovsky nthano "Mfumu Berende" ndi "ogona Mfumukazi." Kuyerekezera Pushkin ndi Zhukovsky nthawi imeneyi kumayambitsa maganizo amene Vasily litsatira yachizungu (pambuyo pa zonse, chifukwa cha nkhani yake - ntchito za olemba European ndipo amajambulapo maluwa okongola awo chikondi zasungidwa), ndi Alexander kumabweretsa analenga moona Russian khalidwe, ndi nkhani yake kwambiri kukumbutsa anthu.

Patapita nthawi, Pushkin kubweretsa chibwenzi mnzake anzeru ndakatulo "Ruslan ndi Lyudmila". Ndipo analandira poyankha mphatso - chithunzi cha V. A. Zhukovskogo mawu akuti "Wopambana wa wophunzira kwa mphunzitsi woluza". Pamenepo Zhukovsky ndi Pushkin kumaliza duel wake zolembalemba.

Koma dziŵani kuti mu ndakatuloyi "Ruslan ndi Ludmila" wamng'ono Pushkin analoledwa yekha parody mphunzitsi wake ndipo ena mawu wokongola caustic, zimene anali wachisoni kwambiri mu zaka okhwima.

ubwenzi weniweni

zaka zonse pambuyo naye, ndipo mpaka imfa ya Pushkin Zhukovsky anali bwenzi lake wamng'ono ngati mpulumutsi (kapena mowasungira?). Yosadziwika, lalifupi msanga ndipo molunjika Alexander zina afika ku mavuto osiyanasiyana, koma Vasily anzeru ndi zamtendere anakhoza kupeza njira vuto lililonse kwa iye.

Pamene 1820 mfumu ya ndakatulo ndi zokayikitsa mzere ndi epigrams lakuthwa Pushkin ndi wokonzeka kutumiza ku Siberia, Zhukovsky, Karamzin, ndi anthu ena otchuka ndi kwa muyeso zoipazi wakhala m'malo mwa yomasulira kum'mwera kwa dziko. Chifukwa cha ichi, Alexander anatha kusunga utumiki ndi chuma chawo.

Zhukovsky anali pafupi ndi zovuta mu 1824, pamene mkangano waukulu ndi bambo a ndakatulo anamuopseza litigation, ndipo zimenezo anapitiriza kukula wake kale osati malo ambiri zaphindu. Ndiyamika luso zamtendere wa Alexander anaona kachiwiri mtima wa mfumu ndipo anabwerera ku dziko mkulu.

Mu 1825, chifukwa cha mphamvu zake pa bwalo la Vasily anathandiza zifukwa Pushkin, amene mlandu nawo za chiwembu cha Decembrists.

Iwo Zhukovsky pakati pa abwenzi angapo ambiri okhulupirika kusiya Pushkin mu ukapolo wake Mikhailovskoye. Ndipo pa chilichonse kovuta iye anakhalabe osachepera kalata.

Zhukovsky - bwenzi Pushkin, amene anali kukhala pafupi ndi zaka chimwemwe, ndi tsokali, kodi sadzasiya mwa matenda ndi atatsala pang'ono kufa.

Pushkin wa Zhukovsky

Alexander amalambira mnzake wanzeru kuyambira zaka lyceum. Ngakhale mpikisano osati kwambiri, Pushkin Nthaŵi zonse mu Zhukovsky, mphunzitsi ndi awathandize bwinobwino. zingwe Paradigmatic zitsulo mmodzi wa ndakatulo:

ndakatulo wake osonyeza kukoma

Kudzatenga zaka mtunda nsanje ...

"Shawa Akumwamba" - kotero mwansangala ndipo anamsemera dzina Alexander bwenzi wake wokondedwa, ndipo m'makalata ake watchulidwa iye yekha monga "M'ngelo womusamalira."

Zhukovsky Pushkin

Mokhudzana Vasily mnzake wamng'ono sanali ngakhale lomveka kudzichepetsa, ngakhale kuti kusiyana mu m'badwo ndi udindo. Tikhoza kunena kuti mu zaka ubwenzi ankaimba palibe udindo - ali pafupi maganizo anali amuna awiri. Zhukovsky wofunika kwambiri makhalidwe a anthu Alexander ndi mphatso yake ndakatulo. Komabe kusukulu anali kutali ulemerero wake, kuuzira, kutsogolera chinachititsa - mpaka, mpaka iye anali wotsimikiza kuti wophunzira amene anaposa mphunzitsi.

imfa ndakatulo ndi

zaka 1936-1937 zinali zovuta kwambiri kwa Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina. Maonekedwe a Georges d'Anthes, zosafunikira khalidwe Natalia akazi a anthu intrigue mkulu, miseche ndi epigrams achipongwe wopita kwa banja Pushkin, modera ulemu wa mkazi ... zilinso yomangika tsiku lililonse likadutsa.

Zinaonekeratu kuti cholinga chimodzi - kuutsa wolemba ndakatulo irascible kuti duel a. Iwo Zhukovsky kukopa kwambiri anakopa Alexander osati nsanamira kalata kunyoza mdani wake, chifukwa ndiye duel zikanakhala mosalephera. Iwo Zhukovsky nampempha Iye kuti akhalebe mwanzeru ndiponso kuti tisagonjetsedwe provocations.

Iwo Zhukovsky anapanga masiku angapo mu nyumba pa Moika n'kufa ndakatulo (mtima ndi kufuna kuteteza mkazi amakonda onse mofanana analanda chiweruzo).

Tsoka ankaimba nthabwala wankhanza: kubadwa V. A. Zhukovskogo, January 29, linali tsiku la imfa ya wokhulupirika ndi mzanga wokondedwa ...

Vasily adakwiya imfa ya mwana wake ndi bwenzi ngakhale ndiye iye anadziwa kuti anafa osati mwamuna wamkulu, komanso wolemba ndakatulo kwambiri.

Ndipo pambuyo pa imfa ya ndakatulo iyi, ngati M'ngelo womusamalira, Zhukovsky kamodzinso anathandiza kale wakufayo bwenzi, analandira dongosolo kusintha ndi kubweretsa mfumu makalata onse a Pushkin, nthawi yoyamba iye sanamvere ndipo mobisa anawapereka kwa mkazi wake - Natalia Nikolaevna.

Zhukovsky ndi Pushkin - Pokhala ubwenzi spiritualized, mabwenzi, wopanda chodzikonda, anamanga pa zinthu wamba, chikondi ndi mabuku komanso kuthandiza wina ndi mnzake mu mavuto.