The nkhondo ku Rome. Zimayambitsa nkhondo yapachiweniweni ku Rome. Table "Civil Nkhondo Rome"

History amadziwa nkhondo yapachiweniweni angapo ku Roma. Makamaka yomangika zinthu zinali bwanji pa mochedwa Republic.

Kodi zaka zambiri apitiriza kuchita Rome nkhondo yapachiweniweni?

nthawi imene nkhondo kunachitika angapo a mbiri yakale zimaonetsa mmene munthu waukulu zokhudza zonse mavuto nkhani Ufumu. Wotchuka nkhondo yapachiweniweni ku Rome zinachitika 40s BC. e. Pa ake Yuliy Tsezar kukakumana ndi osankhika malamulo, amene anali mtsogoleri wa Pompeyi Veliky. Kodi zaka zambiri apitiriza kuchita Rome nkhondo yapachiweniweni, yemweyo panali nthawi zonse kusintha mkati mwa dziko. Okwana nkhondo inatenga zaka zoposa 100 - kuchokera 133 mpaka 31 BC. e.

prerequisites

ndi zimene zimayambitsa nkhondo yapachiweniweni ku Rome? Pakutha 2 m'ma BC. e. Gay Mariya anali kusintha a asilikali. Wamba anawonongedwa, ndipo chotero ya asilikali pa chiyeneretso katundu kunali kosatheka. Choncho, asilikali adafunafuna osauka. Ndipo asilikali anatumikira yekha kwa malipilo ndipo analibe zina ndalama.

Kamodzi chigonjetso adagonja pa Teutons ndi Cimbri, ku Roma kunalibe adani oopsa kwa zaka zambiri. Pa nthawi yomweyo mu Republic of zotsutsana kukula. Ndi iwo - zimayambitsa nkhondo yapachiweniweni ku Rome. Iwo anamaliza pokhazikitsa mafumu ndi kuteteza ena mabungwe dziko.

Chiyambi cha nkhondo zapachiweniweni wa Rome anabwera pa mapeto a 90 ntchentche. Woyamba wa iwo dzina lake anagwirizana. Nkhondo imeneyi yapachiweniweni atamenya Rome ogwirizana Italy maulamuliro. Kuletsa boma chitsutso kukumana opandukawo. Chifukwa, ogwirizana Italy analandira nzika ya Roma. Komabe, pambuyo nkhondo imeneyi pasanapite nthawi kenako lotsatira. A nkhondo yapachiweniweni latsopano Rome sikunathe pakati pa gulu lolemera, amene mutu anali Yosunga, ndi Democrats, mtsogoleri amene anali Gay Mary.

mochedwa Republic

nkhondo zambiri womwe Rome, limodzi ndi mwazi wapadera ndi kupondereza inatha. Iyi inali, mwachitsanzo, standoff ndi otchuka Gracchi abale. M'chaka 133 panali skirmish pa Capitol. M'kupita kwa izo Tribune Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus ndi 300 grakhiantsev anagwa mwachindunji pa comitia pa manja a senators ndi anthu amene anagwirizana nawo.

Potsatira kugunda zinachitika chaka cha 121. Tribune anthu Gayo Sempronius Gracchus ndi za 3000 grakhiantsev anagonjetsedwa pa asilikali kumenya Aventine, analimbikitsa Senate. Wotsatira Gracchus, Lucius Appuleius Saturninus m'chaka 100 anagwa m'manja wa optimates mu itachita wa Capitol. Potsatira kugunda zinachitika mu zaka 91-88 BC. e. Icho chinali Social nkhondo, amene si yokhala ankaona wamba, monga Italy analibe nzika.

Marian ndi sullantsy

The nkhondo ku Rome, pakati pa mbali ya Gaya Mariya ndi Yosunga zinachitika mu zaka 88-87. Chifukwa cha nkhondo ankathawa. Komabe, patapita kanthawi, pakhala latsopano nkhondo ku Rome, ndi nawo Marian. Pa zaka 87-83 panali kulanda boma. Marian, atachira kugonjetsedwa yapita, anagwira mphamvu. Mu '87 panali kuyesa kulanda boma Kazembe Lucius Korneliyo Cinna. Komabe, kuukira anali kuletsedwa Gnaeus Octavius. Chifukwa, Cinna anathawa.

Mofanana 87 chaka adzabwerenso Mari ndi likuzinga Rome. Ndi iye nthawi yomweyo anagwirizana Quintus Sertorius ndi Cinna. Panthawi imeneyi mliri inayamba mu Rome. Senate asilikali, Pompeyi bambo kufa, ndi ulamuliro amataya. Pambuyo Octavia kunyongedwa, ndi Mariya ndi Cinna Kazembe m'chaka 86th. Chachiwiri iye akuyesera kubweretsa nkhondo Yosunga, koma anaphedwa pa mutiny mu Ancona. Komabe, nkhondo yatsopano amavutika.

Events zaka 83-77

Nkhondo ankasinthana pakati sullantsami ndi Marian mu '83 Mari anamwalira, ndipo Yosunga anatha kutenga Rome. Choncho '82 Ine anakhazikitsa ulamuliro.

Potsatira mosanyinyirika ndi imfa ya Yosunga linayamba kusokonekera kwambiri nthawi. Pa izo, panali kusamvana angapo. Pa zaka 80-72 panali nkhondo nthawi yaitali pakati sullantsami ndi Quintus Sertorius (Marian). Chigonjetso unali Senate (sullantsami). Mu '77 panali mwachidule nkhondo - kupanduka Lepidus. Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti iye sanali yokhala Marian. The zipolowe inatha ndi kugonjetsa sullantsev.

Chachitatu wokakamiza Nkhondo

Izo zinachitika mu 74 / 73-71 zaka. Mikanganoyi wakhala mmodzi wa waukulu mu nthawi ya zotsutsana mkati. Kugalukira nawo akapolo, mtsogoleri amene anali Spartacus. Ine anapambana Rome asilikali. Mu 74 kapena 73, mu Capua, mu sukulu ya omenyana, chiwembu anauka. apulumuke 78 okha a opandukawo 200, kuphatikizapo Spartak.

Omenyana Kwenikweni, wazankhondo. Iwo anamenya imfa pamaso pa gulu m'bwalomo. omenyana odziwa wamtengo wapatali kwambiri kalembera wanu. Makamu anawasamalira ndi akha- kupewa imfa ya akapolo awo. Ambiri omenyana ngati anakonza ufulu. Komabe, iwo alibe kusiya sukulu, ndipo anakhalabe mwa iwo monga aphunzitsi rudiariev. omenyana ambiri akukumana anali zoteteza apamwamba ndi nawo nkhondo pakati pa magulu ndi maphwando, osati Rome komanso m'mizinda ina Italy.

Spartacus ndi comrades wake, umene makamaka anaima Oenomaus ndi Crixus, anaganiza kupanga gulu lankhondo lamphamvu. Iwo akhafuna kumenyana pa mawu ofanana ndi asilikali a Roma. Mu mbiri palibe yankho lenileni la funso ngati Spartak ankafuna kubweretsa opandukawo ku dera la Italy, kumene ndi asilikali ake kuti kuchita boma lililonse ankhanza mu utumiki. Mwina iye akanati kulanda mphamvu Rome, mothandizidwa ndi wamba Italy ndi akapolo anamasulidwa Choncho kukwaniritsa zolinga alephera kugwiritsa Italy pa nkhondo ya Social. Mu zaka 63-62 panali kupanduka kwa Catiline. chiwembu anapeza mwamsanga anakankhira mwa magulu amene anathandiza nyumba ya Senate ndi mabwalo.

Tsezariantsy ndi Pompeians: tebulo

nkhondo zapachiweniweni mu Rome nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Kaisara ndipo pambuyo kuphedwa ake anali achiwawa kwambiri. M'munsimu muli nkhondo yaikulu.

Nkhondo pakati tsezariantsami

Mu zaka 41-40 panali perusine nkhondo. Iwo anali nawo Mark Anthony ndipo Octavian. Nkhondo itatha ndi chiyanjanitso cha zipani zotsutsana. The nkhondo lomaliza la Republic Roma anali ikuchitika zaka 32-30. Izo kachiwiri nawo Octavian ndi Mark Anthony. Mu nkhondo imeneyi, wachiwiri anagonjetsedwa.