Kodi gulu lenileni la msonkho, ndipo kodi phindu lake

Anthu ankakumana ndi mbiri za dziko la East Asilavo, ndithudi anakumana ndi maganizo "zosonkhanitsira lenileni la msonkho." Inde, kuli oyambirira a dziko, ndondomeko izi zikhoza monga kutolera misonkho anafotokoza.

Mapangidwe zizindikiro za boma ku Russia

Ndiye kodi polyude? Yesetsani kumvetsa mwatsatanetsatane pa nkhani imeneyi. Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma chitatu pa dera la kuthetsa wa East Asilavo mafuko anawonjezera wamphamvu mabungwe mafuko, zomwe vied mphamvu. Kwambiri zochita ndi mphamvu anapeza mafuko mgwirizano kumunda. Kenako anagonjetsa ambiri Asilavo. Panali zizindikiro zoyamba za boma nascent, monga: mtsogoleri limodzi, bwalo, lamulo, asilikali, ndipo ndithudi, zofunika kwambiri chigawo chimodzi cha dongosolo - misonkho. Ndicho chimene polyude. Izi - njira kusonkhanitsa msonkho kwa mafuko ozungulira mokomera Grand Duke. dongosolo anawonjezera m'mayiko onse European pa chiyambi cha maonekedwe awo, monga otchedwa mosiyana malinga zina zabwino za dziko, koma mzere pansi anali chimodzimodzi kwa onse - ndi kumalizidwa kwa thumba.

Dongosolo misonkho mu Asilavo kum'mawa

Russia sanali yekha. Msonkho m'kukoma misonkho kuvomerezedwa, inali mbali yofunika kwambiri ya dongosolo boma. Komabe, kalonga, nayenso, anatenga pa ntchito zina, makamaka, iye anali kuteteza mtendere ndi moyo wamtendere wene kwa adani achilendo, kuteteza chizindikiro munthu aliyense, ndipo anafunika ndalama kwambiri ndalama. ndi kusonkhanitsa munthu wa msonkho anthu a Russia wakale chiyani? Mofanana anthu amakono a msonkho m'dziko lathu, ndi kusiyana kokha mu ndondomeko ya kuyamwa chuma. Pamene anamasulidwa ku Khazars kuchotsa nambala ya Asilavo mafuko, iwo woyikidwa malipiro awo kuvomerezedwa mu mtima wake. Koma tsopano, mosiyana Khazar msonkho, anthu akhoza kupanga izo osati ndalama, komanso chakudya, mankhwala waluso.

"Zinthu Zofunika" polyudye

Choncho pamodzi, koyenera kuti boma wamng'ono amafunika kuchuluka kwa ndalama ndalama. dongosolo wakhala opanda ungwiro, koma anakhalabe kwa nthawi yaitali. Ya masika kalonga wamkulu, pamodzi ndi anamuperekeza wake anayamba kupita mozungulira chuma chawo chonse, kusonkhanitsa anafunika ndi anamuperekeza wake anapita. "Yendani pa anthu" - ndicho chimene zosonkhanitsira munthu wa msonkho, tanthauzo enieni kwambiri, chifukwa pa ulendo kalonga anakhala m'midzi lalikulu, midzi yaing'ono. Izo sizinali mpaka bola ngati dziko lonse m'manja mwa kalonga Kiev, anali atawachezera. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kuwonjezera malipiro leni, anthu anali m'gulu kazembe ndi anamuperekeza chake pa nyengo yonse ya ulendo wawo dera. Mitundu yonse ya chilungamo anapambana pa mndandanda wa msonkho, ndipo chifukwa chake chachikulu chinali pakalibe pafupifupi kwa zochuluka za msonkho.

Tsoka lalikulu Prince Igor kapena wofunitsitsa dyera?

Zimenezi n'zimene waphetsa Prince Igor. Pa polyudye lotsatira msonkho fuko Drevlyane n'kuduladula ndi timu, ankaona osakwanira msonkho. Ndiye chisankho anzake a kalonga ndi ankhondo ake anaganiza zobwerera kwa kukonzanso msonkho. Iwo anapitiriza kulankhula lapansi Drevlyane ndipo anafunsa kulipira kachiwiri. Ndithudi, izi anthu ambiri anakwiya, ndipo iwo anangopha kumuwombera, pamodzi ndi Prince. Kotero kupanda levying misonkho waphetsa Igor. Imfa ya Grand Duke kuika boma pafupi kugwa, koma mkazi Igor ndi Olga, anali wanzeru kwambiri ndi mkazi kutali akuthwa. Iye anadziwa kuti njira imeneyi kwa misonkho kusintha, Choyamba kukhazikitsa chiwerengero chenicheni cha ndalama zofunikira. masitepe Quick Malingana ndi chotheka pofuna kusangalatsa ndi komwe iye mafuko ndi kubwezeretsa mgwirizano wa Russia.

The kusintha kwa levying msonkho wa Mfumukazi Olga

Ndiye Olga anayamba woyamba kusintha kwambiri msonkho zosonkhanitsira dongosolo kuyambira penipeni. Zimenezi choyamba chinali kukhazikitsa zochuluka za msonkho. Choncho m'tsogolo chingamulepheretse kwambiri nkhanza, ndipo monga Motero, kupanga ndondomeko yovomerezeka kwambiri. Komanso, iwo anazindikira kuti polyude ngati - ichi ndi ngozi yaikulu wolamulira yekha, choncho anaganiza kuti zinthu zonse anasonkhana asonkhanitsidwa mu malo ena, anati kwa Kiev. malo awa akutchedwa manda, ndi kumene misonkho onse anasonkhana litapita mafuko osiyanasiyana, ndiyeno kuchokera apo iwo anagwidwa ndi nthumwi za mphamvu kalonga. Choncho Mfumukazi Olga nthawi imodzi ndi dongosolo chosavuta kwa misonkho, ndi kuzipanga izo otetezeka okha okhometsa. kusintha Izi zinathandiza kuti boma kukhala anagwirizana, ndi mikangano zonse za chilungamo msonkho pang'onopang'ono kuchepa mphamvu.

Kievan Lazaro watenga mbali yofunika kwambiri chitukuko zina. Chiwembu wakale "tributary-mbuye" kuphwera zinthu zakale. Ndicho chimene polyude wa mbiri Russian. Care zoterozo dongosolo msonkho zikusonyeza patsogolo ubale ang'onoang'ono akale Russian, ndi kusintha Olga anali kuyesetsa nthawi, iye molondola kukupereka sanalole boma kuti unagawanika mu osiyana chikumenyana mbali.