The magetsi (12 V) ndi manja ake. The magetsi dera wagawo 12 Volt

Mphamvu okwanira 12 Volt magetsi adzalola pafupifupi chipangizo chamagetsi aliyense m'banja, kuphatikizapo ngakhale laputopu. Chonde dziwani kuti laputopu ndi athandizira voteji mpaka 19 volts. Koma ntchito zabwino basi ngati mukhala kutsuka 12. Komabe, panopa pazipita 10 mikuza mawu. Only kuti mfundo zimenezi mowa amabwera kawirikawiri, chiwerengerochi kusungidwa pa 2-4 mikuza mawu. Chinthu chimodzi kuganizira - ndi muyezo m'malo magetsi ntchito kunyumba zopangidwa anamanga-mu batire sizigwira ntchito. Komabe, magetsi kuti volts 12 abwino, ngakhale kwa chipangizo chotero.

magawo mphamvu kotunga

Magawo chofunika kwambiri magetsi aliyense - ndi linanena bungwe voteji ndipo panopa. makhalidwe awo malingana - kuchokera waya ntchito yachiwiri akutsirizika wa thiransifoma lapansi. Kuti mudziwe mmene kuchita kusankha kuti tidzakambirane pang'ono. Ndekha, muyenera kusankha pasadakhale cholinga chomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi a volts 12. Ngati mukufuna mphamvu otsika mphamvu zida - panyanja, LEDs, ndi zina zotero, ndi okwanira linanena bungwe mikuza mawu 2-3. Ichi chidzakhala kwambiri.

Koma ngati mukufuna ntchito kuti azichita zinthu lalikulu kwambiri - mwachitsanzo, mlandu batire la galimoto, muyenera kutuluka 6-8 mikuza mawu. Nawuza panopa ayenera kukhala kakhumi zosakwana mphamvu batire - lamulo limeneli ayenera kuganizira. Ngati pali kufunika kugwirizana zipangizo, mwa kundipatsako voteji amene ali zimasiyana kwambiri Volt 12, m'pomveka anapereka kusintha.

Kodi kusankha thiransifoma

Amafotokozera choyamba - ndi voteji Converter. Thiransifoma amathandiza kusintha AC voteji wa volts 220 kuti matalikidwe chomwecho, koma mtengo n'chochepa kwambiri. Pa wamng'ono kwambiri, muyenera mtengo ang'onoang'ono. Pakuti mayunitsi mkulu-mphamvu monga maziko tikhoza kutenga thiransifoma TS-270. Lilinso ndi mphamvu yapamwamba, ngakhale pali 4 windings, omwe amachokera kwa volts 6.3 lililonse. Iwo ntchito machubu zingalowe kwa Kutentha chakudya. Mosavuta mwa izo, inu mukhoza kupanga magetsi 12 Volt 12 amp, amene akhoza ngakhale batiri galimoto.

Koma ngati inu simuli okhutitsidwa kwathunthu ndi kumulowetsa ake, n'zotheka kuchotsa zonse sekondale, kusiya kokha maukonde. Ndi kusunga mawaya kumulowetsa. vuto ndi momwe awerengere nambala ofunikira motsatana. Pakuti tikhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mawerengedwe chiwembu yosavuta - awerenge chiwerengero cha windings zizindikiro sekondale kumulowetsa umene umabala 6.3 volts. Tsopano basi kugawanitsa 6.3 ndi nambala ya motsatana. Ndipo inu kupeza phindu voteji, amene akhoza kuchotsedwa ndi kuzungulira umodzi wa waya. Imangokhala yokha kuwerengera m'mene mukufunira kuti mphepo coils kuti kubwereketsa 12.5-13 volts. Zingakhale bwino ngati linanena bungwe adzakhala 1-2 volts kuposa voteji ankafuna.

yopanga rectifier

Kodi rectifier, ndipo kodi ndi chiyani? chipangizo Izi zachokera diodes michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi, umene ndi transducer. Ndi izo, ndi alternating panopa ali anatembenukira kwa DC. Yoganizira za siteji rectifier ntchito oscilloscope bwino. Ngati mukuona kutsogolo kwa diodes sinusoid pambuyo pawo padzakhala pafupifupi lathyathyathya mzere. Koma zidutswa ang'onoang'ono a yoweyula sine akadali adzatsala. Tayani iwo pambuyo.

Ndi kusankha diodes ayenera kumwedwa ndi kuopsa kwambiri. Ngati magetsi kuti volts 12 ntchito monga zaryadchika batire, kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito zinthu amene n'zosiyana panopa phindu kwa amperes 10. Ngati ife tikulinga kuti agwire otsika-voteji mphamvu kundipatsako kwa ogula, ndi zokwanira adzamanga mlatho. Apa wokwanira amasiya. Zokonda zapatsidwa kwa dera la rectifier, zinapezedwa mtundu mlatho - diodes anayi. Ngati ife ntchito michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi yemweyo (theka-yoweyula dera), dzuwa magetsi yafupika ndi pafupifupi theka.

msonkhano fyuluta gawo

Tsopano, pamene linanena bungwe ali DC voteji, m'pofunika kuti chipika chithunzi cha mphamvu ya volts 12 anali pang'ono bwino. Chifukwa chaichi m'pofunika ntchito Zosefera. Zopangira zipangizo nyumba ntchito LC-unyolo zokwanira. Pa m'pofunika kumuuza zambiri. Kuti linanena bungwe zabwino siteji rectifier chikugwirizana inductance - fulumizitsa. Panopa ayenera kudutsa, uyu ndiye gawo loyamba kusefera. Kenako wachiwiri - ndi electrolytic capacitor ndi lalikulu mphamvu (zikwi zingapo microfarads).

Pambuyo riyakitala ndi olumikizidwa kwa HIV electrolytic capacitor. linanena bungwe wake wachiwiri olumikizidwa kwa nthaka (opanda). Mfundo yaikulu ya capacitor electrolytic ndi kuti limakupatsani kuchotsa zonse chigawo chimodzi AC. Kumbukirani, pa linanena bungwe la rectifier anali tating'ono ting'ono yoweyula sine? Apa, m'pofunika kuchotsa izo, kapena magetsi 12 Volt 12 amp adzakhala kusokoneza zipangizo olumikizidwa kwa izo. Mwachitsanzo, wailesi kapena wailesi adzakhala zimatulutsa kanzenene amphamvu.

Olimba wa voteji linanena bungwe

Pakuti olimba wa voteji linanena bungwe zitha ntchito limodzi michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi amafotokozera. Iyi ndi diode ndi voteji ntchito ya volts 12, ndi zambiri zamakono ndi chipangizo msonkhano mtundu LM317, LM7812. Recent anaikira olimba voteji pa volts 12. Choncho, ngakhale pansi chikhalidwe chimene linanena bungwe rectifier siteji 15 volts pambuyo olimba adzakhala 12. yekha ena onse amapita ku kutentha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti n'kofunika kukhazikitsa ndi stabilizer pa rediyeta lapansi.

voteji lamulo 0-12 V

Chifukwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira wamkulu chipangizo ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito dera osavuta kuti akhoza kumangidwa mu maminiti pang'ono. Izi zikhoza akuyendera mwa ndaitchula LM317 msonkhano. Okha kusiyana kwa olimba dera kusinthitsa mode ndi yaing'ono. The yopuma waya, amene amapita ku opanda, anazimitsa variable resistor 5 ohms. Pakati kubwereketsa msonkhano ndi variable resistor m'gulu kukana pafupifupi 220 ohms. A pakati athandizira ndi linanena bungwe la stabilizer chigamulocho chitetezo voteji - pa michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi diode. Choncho, magetsi a volts 12, manja anasonkhana, n'kukhala chipangizo multifunction. Tsopano patsala yekha kuti msonkhano wake ndi calibration wa lonse lapansi. Ndipo inu mukhoza kuchita linanena bungwe kuika voltmeter pakompyuta, imene ndipo penyani voteji panopa.