St. Sophia Cathedral - wotchuka kwambiri chosaiwalika cha Kiev

St. Sophia Cathedral - zofunika kwambiri mapulani mwala ili mu mtima wa Kiev, pa lalikulu eponymous. Mu XI atumwi ku malo a nkhondo wamagazi anatenga malo zinachititsa kuti asilikali a Kiev Prince Yaroslava Mudrogo adakwanitsa kupambana pa woyendayendawu Pechenegs, ndi chifukwa chachikulu Orthodox mpingo m'tsogolo mwake pano.

nkhani

Mu mzinda wa Kiev Saint Sophia Cathedral anaonekera pa nthawi ya ulamuliro wa lodziwika bwino Yaroslava Mudrogo, koma mbiri ya chachikulu Orthodox mpingo wa Kievan Lazaro imavuta kwambiri. Akatswiri ena amati kachisi pamalopa anakhazikitsa mu ulamuliro wa Vladimira Svyatoslavovicha, koma akatswiri ambiri monga kuyala maziko kwa nyengo Yaroslava Mudrogo.

Cathedral anaimika bwino ambuye Byzantine, wotumidwa kuchokera Constantinople, koma mpingo wakhala chofala kwambiri kuposa mipingo ina Byzantine Orthodox, ndipo ndi yaikulu kachisi zovuta m'gawo la chisanadze Mongol Russia. Atangoyamba kumalizidwa kwa Kyiv Sophia Cathedral inasandulika chilikati cha moyo ndale, uzimu ndi chikhalidwe, monga malo awa akalonga kwambiri analandira akazembe yachilendo, ntchito mu mbiri ya kachisi, mu chapansi pa laibulale, ndi Popular Assembly anasonkhana mwachindunji pansi makoma ake otchuka.

Mu 1240 ku St. Sophia Cathedral unadzatengedwa ndi ku Mongolia, koma nyumbayi anapulumuka kwathunthu, ndipo okha XVII atumwi zomangamanga kachisi wa kusintha kwakukulu apangidwa. Choncho m'malo wakale domes hemispherical anaikidwa mkulu domes peyala woboola pakati, kachisi womangidwa ndi matchalitchi yatsopano, ndi wapakamwa ake loyeretsedwa. Mu ulamuliro Union, Cathedral anataya udindo wa zovuta kachisi, ndi mu 1934 analandira udindo wa m'nyumbayi-otetezedwa. Lambirani iwo pafupifupi sanali sakupezeka tsopano, ndi utumiki ndi kamodzi kokha pachaka - 24 August, pamene Ukraine amakondwerera ake Tsiku lokumbukira ufulu wodzilamulira.

Zomangamanga ndi mamangidwe mkati

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka XVII-XVIII, pamene St. Sophia Cathedral wakhala mbali ya Orthodox obisika zovuta, ndi wapakamwa kachisi anapereka maonekedwe a Baroque Chiyukireniya. Ndipo kuzungulira nyumbayi wakale anali nyumba zina yemweyo kalembedwe kamangidwe, kuphatikizapo khomo nsanja ndi belu nsanja ndi refectory Fraternal nyumba Brama Zaborovsky ndi akumatauni Home.

Waukulu "yosangalatsa" a tchalitchi zimasungika zithunzi XI atumwi, ndipo wotchuka kwambiri a iwo - Khristu Pantocrator ndi Virgin Oranta. Onse ntchito zithunzi m'kachisi anachita ntchito glazes, umene ndi aloyi mchere, galasi ndi zitsulo oxides, ndi zidutswa yekha anachita mwala zachilengedwe wakale zidutswa ambuye.

Mwatsoka, frescoes kachisi anapulumuka zikuipiraipirabe kuposa zokongoletsa wakale zithunzi. Pansi pa tchalitchi munakwanisa kuona mbale chitsulo chachikulu, amene ali kuoneka bwino kachigawo image, amene ankaona zizindikiro Muslim. Ndipo si bwino chifukwa chake pansi chophimba anaonekera mu kachisi Orthodox. Poyamba, zipinda chapakati yazokonza pansi yapangidwa ndi Zithunzi ndi m'manda ndi timipata - yaing'ono mbale ceramic, makombo ceramic ndi yazokonza pansi matailosi mu malo osiyana ndipo tsopano kuoneka bwino.

Features

Sophia Cathedral nthawi zobisika wina, kutsegula mfiti pa ntchito yobwezeretsa. Izi wakale khoma zolemba, amene pambuyo zobisika pansi amabisa ndi frescoes kukongoletsa ndi tracings izi Alendo St. Sophia masiku ano, monga lokonza sanali gloss pa iwo kapena kujambula murals latsopano. kukopa wina wa kachisi ndi wakale chosema sarcophagus wa nsangalabwi, omwe m'nyumba zotsalira za womwalirayo mu 1054 Grand Yaroslava Mudrogo, ndi kuyendera ake alipo aliyense mlendo.