SAU "peony". Self-injini zida zankhondo unsembe 2S7 "pion": specifications luso ndi zithunzi

203 mamilimita kudziletsa injini mfuti 2S7 (sakugwirizana 216) anafotokoza kuti zida zankhondo zida malo High Lamulo. Mu ankhondo, iwo alandira malamulo dzina - ACS "peony". Photos kuperekedwa mu pepala ili amasonyeza mphamvu ya chida ichi. Chinali cholinga kupondereza njira zida za nyukiliya ndiponso zinthu zina zovuta kuya mwatsatanetsatane (pa mtunda wa 47 km).

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

Kujambula mfuti kudziletsa injini "peony" anayamba ndi mfundo imene Soviet Council wa nduna Union mu 1967. Ntchito ananena kuti chida latsopano anali kuwononga earthworks konkire ndi kumakula nyumba konkire, komanso kuwononga zida zankhondo losatha la mdani. Komanso, ACS 'peony' 2S7 cholinga monga "mlenje" kachitidwe mwatsatanetsatane zida ndi njira zina yobereka zida za nyukiliya. Malinga ntchitoyo, mtunda osachepera kugonjetsedwa anali kukhala 25 Km.

Ndipo tsopano, patatha zaka ziwiri angapo a ntchito akufuna Bungwe la nduna anasankha ntchito opanga wa fakitale Leningrad Kirov. A kolowera "peony" analengedwa zochokera galimotoyo a thanki T-64 ndi lotseguka kuphedwa conning-nsanja. Komabe, m'chaka chomwecho mu ntchito ya kulenga chida latsopano kusintha yokulirapo amapangidwira. chifukwa anali ulaliki wa okonza wa Volgograd mbewu "okwatiranawo" imene anapereka ntchito wodzilamulira injini dongosolo zida zankhondo mu ntchito panja pa maziko a chinthu 429. Motero, Unduna wa silikhali wasankha kuphatikiza zikuchitikazi, ndi ACS 203 mm "peony" ndi kuziika kwa galimotoyo latsopano. Izi wagawo zida zankhondo anali ndi mfuti osiyanasiyana kuchokera ku 32 zipolopolo ochiritsira ndi 42 Km wa milandu yogwira-zotakasika. Ntchito pa chilengedwe cha mfuti losatha anali pachimake pamene, mu March 1971 Grau ananena amafuna mwatsatanetsatane mwatsatanetsatane ndi luso makhalidwe a dongosolo lino cholinga. Akatswiri akufuna kuphunzira n'zotheka ntchito kuwombera wapadera wa ZVB2 howitzer B-4 likungosonyeza chomwecho. The pazipita yowotcha osiyanasiyana ochiritsira 110 kilogalamu projectile choikidwacho pa 35 Km ndi osachepera kungakupatseni bezrikoshetnaya - 8.5 Km. Uthunthu apamwamba chida ndi wapadera yogwira-zotakasika zipolopolo anali kukhala 40-43 Km. Onse kusintha mumagona pa mapewa a mapulogalamu waukulu ACS "peony" 2S7 - KB nambala 3 chomera Kirov, mutu umene unali N. S. Popov.

Kukonza zipangizo

Pa nthawi yomweyo, akatswiri a mbewu "okwatiranawo" motsogozedwa Chief Mlengi GI Sergeeva anayamba zida zankhondo mbali ya unsembe wa ACS "peony". Ozungulira cholinga warhead pa chiwembu chakale, koma ndi zinthu zingapo zochititsa. Mwachitsanzo, njira yothetsera mavuto chidwi anali mbiya collapsible (ankaona tingachipeze powerenga monoblock kapangidwe). Mpheroyi breech, ndi chikatikati chitoliro, couplings, bushings ndi nyumba. Mlembi wa mamangidwe ndi injiniya Obukhov fakitale A. A. Kolokoltsev, amene anayambitsa izo mu makumi asanu ndi awiri a atumwi wotsiriza. Kusankha zochita amenewa chifukwa chakuti zida zankhondo nkhondowo zida mkulu-mphamvu (ndilo "peony") umamumvera avale mofulumira ndi gawo yamazinga a mbiya pamene ntchito. Motero, munthu-chidutswa, amene anali atakula kuti abwelele m'malo chomera pamafunika ndalama zofunika kwambiri za nthawi. Zonsezi kumabweretsa mapeto a dongosolo la unsembe kwa nthawi yaitali. Collapsible makungwa lomweli imvera avale mofulumira, koma njira m'malo ndi zotheka kwambiri mawu a zida zankhondo msonkhano ili woyendera nthambi mazunzo, izo sikutanthauza zida zenizeni ndi osavuta.

"Mulungu nkhondo goodies"

Ilo linali dzina muli ndi mfuti latsopano phiri, pamene mu 1975 izo anapereka okonza wa mbewu Leningrad. Utumiki wa silikhali yomweyo anayamikira ACS latsopano. Ndipo pambuyo pa mndandanda wa komiti fakitale ndi munda kuyezetsa Katswiri anapereka anakafuna patsogolo kulandiridwa ake mu utumiki ndi kukulozani kupanga. Chaka chomwecho, Mabaibulo oyamba kulowa usilikali. zida zinakhazikitsa zida zankhondo brigades mphamvu yapadera, ndipo chinali cholinga kupondereza ndi kuthetsa zida zankhondo njira chiwonongeko nyukiliya mortars, zimagalimoto, mmene kukumana lamulo anthu oti mdani ndi mfundo kulamulira. Patatha zaka eyiti mu 1983, kuika "peony" kakusintha ndi wamakono choyamba. Lachitsanzo kusinthidwa ali kachidindo dzina - "Malka". Grau index wofanana, koma ndi cholembedwa: "M" -2S7M. Timadziwa kuti amanena kuti akatswiri Soviet mapulani ake pasadakhale, chifukwa anatenga zaka pafupifupi 40 kuchokera amasulidwe woyamba "peony", koma zimenezi sizitanthauza kumuletsa kuti mpaka lero mfuti yamphamvu kwambiri ndi otchuka phiri mu dziko. Malinga ndi lipoti boma oposa 300 zida izi zinalembedwa mu 1975. Utatha la Soviet Union, maofesi ambiri anali kunja, koma kupitiriza bwino kutumikira makamu a Soviet Union. Malinga ndi unduna wa silikhali, monga a 2010 panali 130 kudziletsa injini mfuti "peony" mayunitsi la asilikali Russian. Kumvetsa zimene kupambana kwa dongosolo lino zida zankhondo ndi chifukwa chake, ngakhale zikamera wa mitundu yatsopano ya zida losatha, masiku Russian asilikali zikuphatikizapo makina amenewa nkhondo ya nyengo zapitazi, kuganizira makhalidwe luso unsembe.

Kufotokozera za ntchito yomanga zida zankhondo zovuta "peony"

Monga tanena, kudzikonda injini mfuti "peony" wopangidwa ndi lotseguka conning-nsanja gawo, kuti ndi wosasamala chiwembu. Mfuti unsembe anatengedwa lotseguka aft crawler galimotoyo. Kutsogolo kwa thupi ili m'chipinda, mopitirira anaika galimoto-kufala chipinda, kenako kulekana kwa mawerengedwe ndi atseka ndi conning nsanja. Oti muli nazo zida Corps ali ndi zachilendo kwambiri mawonekedwe - Idanenedwa kutali patsogolo kanyumba adalira akutumikira monga counterweight zina mfuti kwambiri. Service mfuti phiri, "peony" ntchito gulu la anthu khumi, asanu ndi awiri a iwo - adalira wa ACS. Mu malo stowed, oyendetsa lili makontena a mawerengedwe ndi ulamuliro, ndi otsala asanu ndi ntchito yapadera galimoto kapena ogwira oti muli nazo zida chonyamulira.

Thupi aft wokwera 203 mamilimita mfuti, wamphamvu (2A44), zomwe thupi ndi matani 14,6. Kuwonjezera pa kukhala chida analenga collapsible, liri ndi chiwerengero zina zaluso. Mwachitsanzo, kukana zaphindu ntchito kuipanikiza ananyema anapereka kuipanikiza kuthamanga kakang'ono m'dera mawerengedwe. njira amaloledwa amakana zina chitetezo chapadera yokonza mawerengedwe. 203mm mfuti yatenganso pisitoni bawuti opaleshoni Kankhani-Chikoka dera. Iwo chimatsegula ndi kutseka basi chifukwa pagalimoto makina nthawi yomweyo n'zotheka opaleshoni imeneyi pamanja. The ACS "pion" phula anatsatira dosylka zipolopolo adatengedwa ndi wapadera unyolo potsegula limagwirira zikugwira ntchito pa ngodya iliyonse ya yopingasa ndi ofukula malangizo. Izi njira kapangidwe adzakhala kwambiri kuchepetsa recharge nthawi, potero kuwonjezeka mlingo wa zovuta wa.

Powertrain ndi galimotoyo ACS

Amphamvu kwambiri kudziletsa injini zida zankhondo mu dziko okonzeka ndi V woboola pakati thwelofu dizilo mphamvu wagawo B-46-1, zida ndi turbocharging. Engine mphamvu 750 malita. a. Amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu wagawo kupereka 46 matani kudziletsa injini imathandizira kuti liwiro la 50 km / h. Komanso, kuonetsetsa ntchito yoyenda yokha cha zovuta mu injini-kufala chipinda zina dizilo jenereta mphamvu anaika ya malita 24. a. Kusintha mawotchi kufala yogwirizanitsa ndi gearbox bevel ndi transmissions airborne anaitenga ku T-72. Choncho, kudzikonda injini wagawo ali ndi makina mphamvu kufala mapulaneti asanu ndi liwiro umodzi bolodi ndi zida kuchepetsa.

The galimotoyo mbali zonse za thupi anapezeka mawilo njira zisanu ndi torsion-mtundu kuyimitsidwa, zida ndi munthu zungulira absorbers hayidiroliki mantha. Ambiri a zigawo zikuluzikulu galimotoyo anaitenga ku T-80. Ndipotu galimotoyo SAU "peony" ndi akweza Baibulo la T-galimotoyo 80, ngakhale mawilo galimoto ali kutsogolo-wokwera.

yowotcha

Nchito za potsegula zipangizo anapangidwa kuchokera ulamuliro wapadera, chipolopolo chakudya ikuchitika ntchito mfundo uniaxial pushcart. Pofotokoza mfuti ntchito actuators makina ndi zamagetsi-hayidiroliki. Voterani zida zankhondo zovuta "peony" ndi akatemera theka pa mphindi. The unsembe zikuphatikizapo modes otsatirawa a moto 8 akatemera kwa mphindi 5; akatemera 15 pa mphindi 10; akatemera 24 pa mphindi 20; 30 zipolopolo kwa mphindi 30 ndi zipolopolo 40 pa ola limodzi. Pa thunthu ziwalo zake pamwamba ndi pansi ndi hydropneumatic sangaganize njira. mfuti angadzachite kutalika pafupifupi 1400 mm. Popeza mphamvu yaikulu kwambiri pachikhalidwe cha, akatswiri akhala akupereka atsogoleri wapadera, zomwe zili mu gawo aft wa thupi. Iwo anaika mwachindunji pamaso kuwombera pansi, anasewera mbali ya zogwiriziza wothandiza. Komanso, kuti alipire kwa noticeable kwambiri angadzachite mphamvu mu thupi aft wokwera coulter bulldozer mtundu. Iwo ukulamuliridwa mwa pagalimoto hayidiroliki. Pa kuwombera pa kutsegula chozama mu nthaka kuti akuya 700 mm, potero kupereka kudziletsa injini kwambiri bata. Komanso, mayamwidwe wa angadzachite mphamvu okonza kuti anapereka potseka gidroamortizatornyh hardpoints dongosolo odzigudubuza waukulu crawler galimotoyo ndi kutsika kalozera mawilo.

Pogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri ogwira odana sangaganize njira yowotcha mfuti akhoza ikuchitika osiyanasiyana ngodya bokosibode. Choncho, nkhani ya njingayo yopingasa ndi madigiri 30, ndi ofukula - mu osiyanasiyana madigiri 0 60.

Ngati kumene yowotcha amachokera pansi, mawerengedwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngolo ziwiri matayala limene milandu ndi projectiles zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo pa wapadera zochotseka machira. Zipolopolo zida zankhondo dongosolo "peony" ndi zipolopolo 40 potsegula osiyana. Anai a iwo zasungidwa mu chipinda aft ndi kupereka kotunga pangozi, ndipo ena ali kusamutsidwa kwa mtundu wa galimoto ndi kuikidwa pansi pokonzekera kuwombera ACS.

zida

Osiyanasiyana zipolopolo, "peony" ndi yosiyanasiyana: zipolopolo 203 mm ndi ZVOF42 ZVOF43, shrapnel 30F43, ZOF44 yogwira-zotakasika mkulu-kuphulika, ZVOF15 ndi ZVOF16 mlandu kugawikana zedi zinthu 3-0-14. Nkhondowo "peony" njira yatenganso makina pamaso mtundu D-726, K-collimator 1, PG-1m panorama. Komanso, pali amaperekedwa zina mtundu akuonadi chipangizo uthenga ulalikidwa-4M ntchito moto pamene mwachindunji. Kuteteza anthu ndi ACS unsembe udzatha ndi zida zake adalira akuti: izi zikuphatikizapo manja yaing'ono (zinayi mfuti ndi zinayambira mfuti), ndipo roketi-injini grenade RPG-7 MANPADS "Strela-2", komanso F-1 mabomba.

zida ndi chitetezo cha

Self-injini zida zankhondo "peony" akhoza kutenga nawo mbali pa nkhondo ndi ntchito zida za nyukiliya. Kuchita izi, ACS ali ndi sefa wagawo, yaotomatiki dongosolo moto chitetezo, akusindikiza dongosolo lokhalamo zipinda, wokhoza kuteteza adalira ndi mawerengedwe obwera chifukwa cha zida za nyukiliya bacteriological ndi mankhwala. Komanso, ali okonzeka ndi zida zipangizo telefoni mkati, wailesi ndi masomphenya a usiku. Pakuti ntchito atomiki adani mfuti kudziletsa injini "peony" akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zida wapadera ndi zokwana nyukiliya. Ntchito zipolopolo ngati zingatheke ngati lamulo kuti zogwirizana apamwamba. Pankhaniyi zipolopolo udindo yowotcha zaperekedwa ndi malo apadera yosungirako mu gawo otetezeka convoy lapansi. Nyukiliya zida lakonzedwa kuti awononge maofesi makamaka lalikulu zomangamanga, maofesi mafakitale, matsango a asilikali mdani, etc. The osiyanasiyana osachepera moto zipolopolo amenewa ndi 18 Km, ndi pazipita -. 30 Km.

Self-injini zida zankhondo unsembe 2S7M "Malka"

Mu 1983, KB nambala 3 chomera Kirov ali akweza unsembe wa "peony". Chifukwa, chitsanzo kusinthidwa anali wosiyana ndi kuloŵedwa m'malo, zigawo rubberized galimotoyo, kuwonjezera, ndi galimotoyo anapangidwa kwa mkulu-mphamvu zipangizo. Zovuta dongosolo ulamuliro watsopano chida cha moto, angathe kulandira mauthenga mu mode ndi zodziwikiratu. Komanso, akatswiri Ndakukwaniritsirani kumidzi potsegula limagwirira ndi redesigned nawuza pilings. milandu latsopano ndi mkulu mphamvu zipolopolo kuyamba, ndi okwanira pangozi ya zida linawonjezeka magawo atatu. The zida zatsopano m'gulu roketi-anathandiza projectile. Komanso, ACS "Malka" anakhazikitsa dongosolo la ulamuliro malamulo a opareshoni mosalekeza ndi matenda zodziwikiratu la dziko la subsystems onse kiyi wa unit zida zankhondo.

Kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro ya galimotoyo walola kulera gwero motocross kuti makilomita zikwi khumi. Chifukwa cha wamakono wa unsembe akumidzi chipangizo adzapereke, njirayi wakhala zotheka mwanjila iliyonse ofukula adagona. Komanso kwambiri chinawonjezeka mlingo wa zovuta (nthawi 1.6) - zipolopolo 2.5 pa mphindi, ndi mfuti mosalekeza anali maola atatu. Zosinthika moto ulamuliro ndi phwando zodziwikiratu deta analola kupeza ndondomeko ya mipherezero kudzera yikidwa mawaya ndi wailesi njira njira kulankhulana kenako amasonyeza iwo pa digito anasonyeza zipangizo gunner ndi mkulu, mmene njira malangizo dongosolo basi amaganizira kusintha mu nyengo. The zida zatsopano m'gulu roketi-anathandiza projectile likuomba osiyanasiyana amene anali 55 Km kutali, komanso mwandondomeko mkulu ndi odana ndi thanki zipolopolo adakwera injini nkhosa ndege.

Lero, ACS "peony" ndi "Malka" angathe kuchita zazikulu wamakono, iwo amatha kukhala ndi nthawi ndi ntchito zida zida zamakono, kuphatikizapo zida mwatsatanetsatane ndi cholondola-oongoka.

St. Petersburg Museum wa zida zankhondo

Bungweli anakhazikitsidwa mu 1703 ndi dongosolo la Peter monga chipinda chodyeramo - kosunga chidwi ndi losaiwalika zipolopolo zida zankhondo. Apa kuchokera ku dziko lonse asonkhanitsidwa chofunika kwambiri komanso zosangalatsa zina. Kenako mu chionetsero anayamba kuwonjezera zina zida, mbendera, yunifolomu, kuphatikizapo mpikisano wa. Kenaka, m'masiku a Elizabeti, zida zankhondo Museum anadzatchedwa chipinda losaiwalika, ndipo anaikidwa nyumba osewera. Ndipo kokha kuyambira 1869 bungwe anayamba moyo mwachangu ndiponso kukula. Chaka chino Museum wa zida zankhondo nazo ake Kronwerk mbali ya nyumbayi, apa anayikidwa usilikali-mbiri deta. M'nyengo ya Soviet, mu 1963, bungwe la wolandira ndalama za ku Central zakale Museum ya usilikali Engineering, ndipo patapita zaka ziwiri amaphatikizapo usilikali Museum wa zoulutsa.

Alendo mukupemphedwa kuti ayanjane ndi zopereka dziko rarest zida ochokera m'mayiko 55, kuyambira m'ma cinai masiku ano. Apa mutha kuona mwa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho chida munthu wa m'banja lachifumu, atsogoleri kwambiri, zikalata wapadera, mphoto asilikali, yunifolomu ya usilikali, zitsanzo za malinga ndi nyumba, ndi zina. exposures osiyana ankaimira Russian zida zankhondo, kuphatikizapo experimental zitsanzo Shuvalova mfuti Nartova ndi ena.

Asilikali zakale Museum wa zida zankhondo mmodzi wa yaikulu mu zopereka dziko la zida za Ulaya zaka XV-XVII. Mu 2006 bungwe anatsegula chionetsero latsopano mbiri zokhudza za asilikali Zapakati, ndi Kubadwa Kwatsopano ndi oyambirira ano nthawi. Zida zankhondo Museum ali anapita ndi akulu ndi ana, pano m'bwalo Kronwerk anapereka mitundu yamakono ya armament wa asilikali Russian, monga intercontinental njira chida zovuta mafoni pansi ofotokoza "Topol" RS-12M ndi ena ambiri. Sangayankhulane yekha komanso kwa awakhudze ndi manja anu, kutenga chithunzi pafupi ndi amakonda antchito guarantor ya chitetezo cha dziko lathu kuchokera kunja kuwukira. Ndipotu, ambiri a ana ndi womdziwa kungotengeka ndi machitidwe zida monga ACS, akasinja, oti muli nazo zida ogwira onyamula, zidutswa zida zankhondo, limene kuchokera a pakompyuta ndi mafilimu a pa TV. Koma pamene iye adawona maso awo, ndinamverera mphamvu ya zida zawo ndi zida zonse zinapatsira ndi ulemu osati ntchito ya usilikali, komanso okonza amene analenga makina zodabwitsa izi. Ana ndi akulu Zidzakhala zosangalatsa kukaona zikondwerero ndi kumanganso asilikali mbiri, ndi zisudzo za mamembala a Club wa kuchinga mbiri "Silhouette", amene nthawi zonse unachitikira pa bwalo m'nyumbayi. Kuti alendo owonetsera zakale wosaiwalika kungakupatseni!