Cruiser - pamwamba warship: makhalidwe utumiki. zombo Navy Russian

Cruiser - gulu la nkhondowo zombo pamwamba kuti angathe kugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana muli osalumikizidwa, kaya zombo zikuluzikulu. Posachedwapa, izi mtundu wa zombo anakankhira mbali kuphatikiza la zombo, ndi ongokhala mayunitsi angapo, ndi Court lolunjika pa mtundu winawake wa ntchito (makamaka impedance wa mpweya, nthaka ndi nyanja mitundu zida mdani). Panopa ntchito ndi Russian Navy cruisers, ndi US ndi Peru.

zambiri

Kukula kwa bulu anayamba kuchokera nthawi ya Russian Ufumu. m'mayiko ena pa nkhani imeneyi, anayesanso kupitiriza. Zimenezi ndi zoona makamaka kwa USA, France, Germany, Japan ndi UK. Cruiser - ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo mayunitsi asilikali, kupereka boma ulamuliro ndi kutetezera Adani. zombo chotengera osati kupereka ulamuliro wa malire madzi, komanso akuthandiza gawo dziko.

Pa Navy anatumizidwa ntchito ambiri. Pakati pawo:

1. Kuonetsetsa ya chitetezo cha dziko.
2. Support kwa yokopa zosiyanasiyana zothandiza anthu ndiponso kufufuza simatsutsana zofuna za boma.
3. Kuchititsa Zochita mkati ndi olowa.

Mogwirizana ndi amenewa mosiyanasiyana zombo zochokera wachinsinsi ndi tithe mogwirizana ndi cholinga chawo chachikulu. Makalasi ziwiya, amapatsidwa lophatikizana ndi ubwamunalo linagawanika mu subcategories. Kusiyana pakati pa iwo lagona mu mtundu wa magetsi, kusamutsidwa, kopita, pali njira zina. zombo kalasi anayi operekedwa mu Russia, wapamwamba umene amati woyamba. Taganizirani choyamba zimaonetsa Kufotokoza mwa chidule za cholinga ndi cruisers.

mphindi mbiri

Lingaliro la "cruiser" mu linafalitsidwa kwambiri analowa mu m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri. Mawu amenewa m'masiku amenewo anatanthauza akuchita maofesi paokha kusambira. dzina anali yaitali Cholinga kudziwa komwe chombo, osati matabwa ake. Paokha chombo chidali wamng'ono, anali ndi liwiro yeniyeni ndi maneuverability. Iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito reconnaissance kulumikizana, aliyense payekha kuchitapo kanthu pofuna kuteteza malo ndi nkhondo karate.

Kale mu 18 m'ma cruiser - ndi frigate, amene pamodzi ndi miyeso yaying'ono ali liwilo. Iwo anaikidwa ndi zida zankhondo chida. Komanso mu gulu ili ndi corvettes ndi, brigs, sloops, ndipo ngakhale ena zosintha kusambira maofesi.

Battlecruiser: ndizosowa

Ngalawa zoterezi anawagawira SITIMA katundu pamwamba. maonekedwe awo anali chifukwa cha wapadera apanyanja msonkhano wina ku Washington. Oyimira a asilikali a ku Britain panyanja, amene mu nkhokwe zawo za wamphamvu, kothandiza ndiponso mtengo kwambiri Akhristu a "Hawkins" pambuyo poyesa kusintha cruisers kwa anthu a msonkhano kunena pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa zoletsa zina pa nkhani imeneyi. Motero, amafuna kuti battlecruisers m'gulu kusamutsidwa pazipita matani 10 a zida ndi likungosonyeza zosaposa 203 millimeters.

pangano latsopano ndi nawo United States, Great Britain ndi France yosainidwa mu 1936. Malinga ndi iye, linaletsa ntchito yomanga magalimoto lolemera mpaka 1942. Pa nkhani imeneyi, nkhondo cruiser anayamba manja ali omasuka, otsika kusamutsidwa ndi mtengo wotsika. Advantageously, amanena za zitsanzo monga "New York", "County" ndi "Surrey".

Tikuyesetsa kumanga zombo ofanana mu Soviet Union. mtundu chotengera "Kronstadt" anatha kunyamula zida zankhondo armament likungosonyeza a 305 millimeters ndi okonzeka ndi zida lolemera. cruisers awiri anaikidwa mu 1939, koma inayamba nkhondo ya zomangamanga awo anali inaimitsidwa.

NS.

cruiser nyukiliya ku Soviet Union anayimiridwa mwa mayunitsi anayi a ntchito nambala 58 ( "m'khutu"). Iwo anakhazikitsidwa monga ofunkha, koma mu 1977 reclassified zombo roketi. Komanso, nthawi kuchokera 1970 mpaka mu 1990 izo anayamba asanu Chombo nyukiliya "Arktika", ambiri amene anali pa ntchitoyi kapena mwakhala pang'ono anatembenukira kwa mitundu ina.

Cruiser "Slava" zinali zombo, amene analandira zochepa kupanga mndandanda. Baibulo limodzi inamangidwa zaka zinayi. The mbadwo watsopano wa zombo Soviet lakonzedwa kuti akamagwiritsa m'madzi lotseguka nyanja. cholinga chawo chachikulu - ndi atasemphana chonyamulira nkhondo akulamula njira amphibious, kumenyana ndi convoys zosiyanasiyana ndi mphamvu thandizo pa dziko ndi madzi.

Makhalidwe amene pamwamba warship "Ulemerero":

• kutalika / m'lifupi / kusodza - 187/19 / mamita 7.5;
• powerplant - injini mafuta chopangira mphamvu;
• ngalawayo okonzeka ndi nsanja kwa kuwayika launchers gulu "pamwamba ndi pamwamba";
• armament - panabukanso zida zankhondo, torpedoes ndi sitima zankhondo, odana ndi ndege mfuti ndi mfuti za makina, n'zotheka kuzika ndi ndege zankhondo.

kusinthidwa opepuka

Kuwala cruiser anachititsa kuwonjezeka chidwi mu mmasate oyambirira a atumwi wotsiriza. Pa anali zifukwa zingapo:

1. Kunali kosavuta kutsatira pangano Interstate pa akuphunzitsa chotengera zida.
2. chombo anayamba kuuluka ndipo mofulumira, kotero inu mukhoza ntchito pochita apadera kwambiri.
3. wina wagawo kumanga mtengo utachepa zayamba.

Bulu la Soviet Union anawonjezera cruisers Project 26. Sitima apangidwa ndi nawo akatswiri Italy amasiyana ndi zida zamphamvu ndi liwiro labwino. Kuipa monga otsika ikuthamanga osiyanasiyana, mlingo wochepa wa kusungitsa ndi seaworthiness ofooka. Mu makumi anai zaka mazana makumi awiri pa maziko a prototypes izi zinalengedwa cruisers angapo Project 68 osiyana phindu chitetezo ndi ntchito seaworthiness.

zombo Navy Russian

A zombo amakono a Russia ndi odalirika kukula makampani. Mu 2014, Navy walandira zombo asanu latsopano, sitima zankhondo atatu ndipo panopa mabwato zolinga zosiyana. Komanso, anayamba ndi kulenga ntchito zida njira chida.

Chifukwa cha mphamvu pamwamba monga:

• chachikulu antisubmarine zombo kopita;
• nkhondo cruisers;
• ofunkha asilikali, komanso zosintha zosiyanasiyana maboti, kudzera mwa thandizo ndi kukonzanso.

Komanso zombo adzakhala kudzadza akweza mayunitsi kubwerera. Ena mwa iwo khumi ndi awiri sitima zankhondo, zombo odana ndi sitima zapamadzi ndi owononga.

Kuti alandire kukonza kwa nkhope?

Iwo anakonza kusintha lolemera ndege chonyamulira "asilikali Kuznetsov". Iye adzakhala ankaiphwasula launchers "lubwe", umene kuonjezera m'dera la ndege hangar mamita lalikulu 4500. Zida zankhondo azimveka pachimake maofesi ntchito milandu zosiyanasiyana sing'anga.

Wamakono komanso kukumana ndi zombo dzina lake kwa admirals: ". Lazarus" "Nakhimov", "Ushakov" "Petr Veliky" - waukulu cruiser mtundu, umene komanso anakonza kusanduliza ndi 2020. Zosintha advantageously bwanji unsembe wa machitidwe atsopano asilikali, nzeru ndi makina ounikira.

Komanso, mapulani kusintha ndi ntchito bwato №№ 877, 971, 945 ( "nsomba yam'nyanja yamchere" "Pike", "Barracuda", "Condor"). Mwina, iwo akhale okonzeka ndi kachitidwe kamakono antiaircraft ndi mivi. Ndi chachikulu, kudzakhala chilengedwe Zombo Zankhondo lolunjika pa kulimbana ndi dziko, nyanja ndi mlengalenga mphamvu za mdani.

Sitimayo "Vasily Bykov"

Mitundu ya cruisers zino tinapangidwa apolisi zoni zachuma, kutetezeredwa Kupititsa chitetezo madzi malire ku nkhondo Pirate, kuwunika chilengedwe, komanso kufufuza ndi kupulumutsidwa ziwiya anakhudzidwa. Komanso, cruiser izi ndi wokhoza kuchita ntchito zotsatirazi:

1. Kuteteza ndiponso kutsagana ziwiya malonda kapena asilikali.
2. Kuchita kulondera ndi opulumutsa ntchito.
3. Ntchito ngati njira thandizo la mankhwala.

Mu zaka zisanu zikubwerazi chikuyembekezeka kufika 12 zosintha. Izi Cruiser - chombo, lomwe limatchedwa pambuyo ngwazi ya Soviet Union, kumbuyo asilikali Vladimir Bykov.

ziyembekezo

Angagwiritse mwapang'onopang'ono ndege chonyamulira unayambitsidwa mu 2005. Malinga ndi mapulani, mu 2017 chombo amayenera kutenga malo mu kumpoto zombo. Mnthawi kumanga zonse kusintha kwa zinthu ndipo amafuna zomwe zinachititsa kuti kuchedwa mu ndondomekoyi. Mu 2013, kamangidwe wasonyeza anagonjera Krylov State Center Research ndi PKB "Nevsky".

Okonza, ananeneratu kuti pali ntchito atatu, mtengo wa aliyense wa iwo nditamaliza moyo adzakhala biliyoni 130 rubles. Akuti nthawi yomanga zitsanzo - zaka 10.

zombo Watsopano Russian Navy adzakhala ndi mbali zotsatirazi:

1. Nacho kusamutsidwa matani 80.
2. Okonzeka ndi catapults anayi ndi awiri kickers.
3. Okonzeka ndi chimakweza angapo.
4. Khalani okwanira angapo magalimoto amphibious ndi Helicopters kuukira.

Komanso zombo zimenezi anaika dongosolo Rada ofanana analogi zotsogola "Mars-Passat", komanso machitidwe zothangatira ndi zina Rada.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Cruisers mbiri ikusonyeza kuti zombo awa ndi mu ankafuna mu yapamadzi kwa zaka zingapo. Zombo zamakono angachichite zosiyanasiyana asilikali, komanso kuthandiza yokulirapo mu mpumulo ndi masoka ndi ngozi.

Zombo Russian, ngakhale mavuto onse, ikhala pa malo kutsogolera mwa mphamvu dziko apanyanja. Anakonza chilengedwe ziwiya watsopano ndi ntchito yonyozeka. ntchito magawo ambiri zobisika. Komabe, amadziwika kuti ambiri zosintha akupangidwa. Pakati pawo:

• Oyang'anira chotengera mtunda wautali malo apanyanja (ntchito nambala 11356).
• Latest frigates kwa Black Sea.
• Wowonongayo "Mtsogoleri".
• Ndege chonyamulira ntchito KGNTS IMDS 2013.

ziwembu zonse zili ndi mbadwo atsopano zipangizo ndi zida, iwo akhoza kupikisana ndi Anzawo wotchuka yachilendo.