Nyukiliya zipangizo. Nyukiliya maofesi. radiative kukakamiza

Research m'munda wa njira nyukiliya lero kulola kuti bwino chimatanthauza kuopseza angathe. Kukula kwa sipekitiramu zinthu onyamula ngozi nyukiliya, kukakamiza anthu kuti alingalire pa kuunikanso ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana. Sikutheka kuti achotse zinthu zachilengedwe, amenenso ndi zotsatira zenizeni pa zimakhala kwachilengedwenso. Pa nthawi yomweyo, zipangizo nyukiliya ndi magwero amasiyana mzake, kuchititsa kufunika njira kusiyanitsidwa kuphunzira nkhani imeneyi.

Kodi chinthu nyukiliya?

zinthu zonse zomwe zili mu dongosolo ake pa ndende ya radionuclides digiri yovuta, tinganene kuti nyukiliya. misinkhu yoopsa radionuclides anatsimikiza cheza ndi chitetezo nyukiliya mfundo. I muone zotsatira ayenerere ndi kuthekera mavuto kuwaopseza mankhwala ndi kwachilengedwenso. Komanso, kutithandiza kuona angakhale pamaso pa isotopes nyukiliya. Ambiri zipangizo mu gulu ili lili ndi chiyambi yokumba, ndiko kuti, adalandiridwa ndi chikhalidwe apanga. Chifukwa cha fission unyolo zimene maatomu ndi zotheka, chifukwa cha zomwe kufalitsa isotopes amapezeka. Choncho, mathanki a zomera nyukiliya munali madzi nyukiliya kapena gaseous sing'anga, poyamba kulankhula coolant. Komanso, cheza lenilenilo amakhala ndi ntchito yapamwamba ikukhudzana omwe ndi owopsa m'gulu la mayendedwe a zinthu nyukiliya.

cheza nyukiliya

Inayambira ntchito zipangizo nyukiliya kwachitika kuyamika yeniyeni chikukonzekera cheza amene makamaka bwanji zipangizo achilengedwe. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zatsopano woyamba wa mtundu umenewu, makamaka, anasonyeza luso kusamutsa mpweya nyukiliya salt mu mkhalidwe ozoni, kuchititsa asiyane ndi mapangidwe ming'alu ing'onoing'ono pa kalilole. kufufuza mwakuya anaulula bwereza osiyanasiyana masoka njira zimene zimaphatikizapo cheza: ionization wa mlengalenga, kupoletsa mafunde kutentha, luminescence, mankhwala kanthu, etc. Nkofunika kukumbukira kuti si nthawi zonse zipangizo nyukiliya amaona kuti ndi okhazikika gwero la ngozi ... The cheza chomwecho wapeza malo ake mu gulu la chipinda ionization, scintillation ochuluka, komanso akulankhula mwachindunji mavuto njira zamakono kaphatikizidwe organic. Baibulo la mmene anthu ambiri kwa chodabwitsa nyukiliya akupezeka motsutsa likhale mozama za njira kukhudzana ndi ionizing wakumunda zimakhala kwachilengedwenso.

magwero cheza

Cheza akatswiri apeza angapo magulu a M'zinthu zimenezi. Makamaka, pali zachilengedwe, masoka ndi dziko magwero. Ndipo pa gulu anasiyiratu akhoza pamodzi mu gulu limodzi, monga Mwachitsanzo, malo dzuwa cheza kupsa mu gulu la zachilengedwe. Koma cheza zachilengedwe kumaphatikizapo kugawa m'magulu osiyana. Nthawi zambiri, iwo akuoneka ngati njira zamakono, zolengedwa za amene anali munthu yekha kapena iwo Anautsa ntchito yake. Natural magwero nyukiliya Angagwiritsidwenso m'gulu gulu la umunthu chabe, koma mu nkhani iyi mwina akunena za zinthu za chilengedwe. M'zinthu zimenezi ndi isotopes nyukiliya mu kapangidwe ka chiyambi achilengedwe. Pankhani cheza dziko, izo aumbike mwa mabowo wakuda, pulsars ndi zinthu zina zosiyanasiyana, zimachitika mu njira maphatikizidwe.

Ndinakumana ndi zinthu nyukiliya

Ndinakumana kungakhale somatic ndi chibadwa. Mbali yoyamba tisonyeza zimenezo mwa ndondomeko mavuto kwachilengedwenso madzi a angapo. Makamaka, pa ma, boma ma ndi minofu. Komabe tinatengera zochitika yotsalira somatic cheza zotsatira si opatsirana, malamulowo majini si bwanji ndi DNA kugonana. zotupa amenewa kungaonekere kuphwanya kukula, zofooketsa chitetezo cha m'thupi ndi ukalamba msanga. Majini zotsatira nyukiliya M'malo mwake, chimene chili mlingo maselo ndi majini, kulimbikitsa kusintha zinthu cholowa. Zikatero pali masinthidwe majini kuti kusokoneza chitukuko cha thupi.

wokondwa zabwino

Kafukufuku akusonyeza cheza ndi mbali yabwino ya yaikulu zimakhala kwachilengedwenso. Wokometsedwa zofunika mankhwala cheza cha nyukiliya akutanthauza Mlingo kochepa zimakhudzanso analgesic mu vuto la misempha ndi gout. Nthawi zina, wakhala angakhale achire zotsatira zikuluzikulu mankhwala. Akhala akuyesetsa kuti cheza ndi njira mtsempha, amene anathandiza kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha leukocytes. Lang'anani ambiri ntchito kuti ntchito zida za nyukiliya kuti ziri mwangwiro experimental. Ndi zabwino kukhudzana adakali osati bwinobwino kulola kufalitsa lonse la njira zimenezi mankhwala.

kuipitsidwa zotsatira

Koma chimake cha Ofufuza kugunda kukhala kuipitsidwa vuto ndi zipangizo nyukiliya. Chopereka waukulu ndondomeko kupanga okwerera zazikulu zikugwira ntchito kwa mafuta nyukiliya. mabizinezi nyukiliya kukonzedwa zinyalala za nyukiliya, kuonetsetsa manda awo. Koma osati kuchotsa chiopsezo kuchucha ndi ngozi zimene zimabweretsa kuipitsa kusalankhula. Mwachitsanzo, nyukiliya wa carbon dioxide mafuta amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu riyakitala mofanana coolant. ntchito zake ndi wolungamitsidwa ndi chifukwa cha mtengo wotsika, koma sing'anga gaseous, chotero, izo zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri mu mabomba a zinthu nyukiliya. More pazikhala wawonongekera m'deralo, kulamulira kuti pali decontamination njira yapadera.

Kodi chinthu nyukiliya?

Yokonza zipangizo nyukiliya amafuna chilengedwe cha zomangamanga wapadera. Pamafunikanso polygons, zomera processing, zida yosungirako ndiponso kutaya zinthu woopsawo poizoni. Izi ndi zinthu nyukiliya, omwe makamaka lolunjika pa ntchito ndi zinyalala woopsawo. Koma mphamvu za nyukiliya okwerera ali m'gulu gulu amakampani nyukiliya.

Pomaliza

mabungwe Environmental pamodzi ndi makampani kuti ikhazikitse mapulogalamu wapadera kuti zonse ndondomeko zolimbana ndi magwero cheza. Mwachitsanzo, lero mwanjira zogwirizana zomera zonse mkombero. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kampani pa ubongo wawo recycles zinyalala woopsawo. Pa nthawi yomweyo pali zachilengedwe nyukiliya zinthu zimene zonse kucheza ndi munthu. Iwo ali ndi kuwala mwa mfundo zovomerezeka ndi sanena ngozi thanzi. Komabe, kusiyana pakati pa mtengo normative ndi kudzudzula si nthawi zonse zoonekeratu. Pa mafakitale mofanana prophylaxis zonse ntchito zipangizo kuyeza mpweya wa poizoni. zonsezi ali m'gulu mndandanda wa malamulo a za umoyo ndi chitetezo cha anthu ogwira ntchito pa ntchito.