Russian wapaulendo Habarov Erofey Pavlovich yonena kutsegula

Erofey Khabarov, kanthawi yonena tikambirana pansipa, anathandiza kwambiri kupititsa patsogolo gawo la dzikolo. Chilango ndi moyo analanda gululi kum'mawa kwa dziko. Tiganizire moposera mmene anakhala Habarov Erofey Pavlovich, amene anatsegula munthu uyu, zomwe takwaniritsa anapanga mbiri.

malo obadwira

Kusamvana za izo anakhalabe kwa nthawi yaitali. Malo kwenikweni kwa kubadwa otchulidwa m'mudzi Svyatitsa Votlozhemskoy parishi, mudzi ndi Kurtseva Dmitrieva. Woyamba imatengedwa njira yabwino kwambiri. Mlembi wa chiphunzitso amene anabadwa mu Habarov Erofey Dmitriev, anali wasayansi ku Belov Leningrad. Iye anaphunzira kwambiri zikalata, potengera zomwe ndi hypothesized. Popeza kuti takambilana malo m'mudzi Dmitrieva (omwe panopa alipo Nyuksensky District), wasayansi Kodi kuganizira mfundo yakuti malo amenewa sanali kutsatira pamaso boma komanso Kupititsa kugawanika kwa Votlozhemskoy parishi.

Erofey Khabarov: yochepa yonena

Tsogolo bizinesi ndi wapaulendo anali mlimi. Erofey Khabarov (zaka za moyo ndi imfa 1603-1671) yansiya banja lake ndi ulimi mwachilungamo zikuluzikulu, ndipo pambuyo zina ndithu wolemera ndipo alimi ufulu Vologda, alenje ndi asodzi a Primorye, kufunafuna ulendo ndi chuma cha Cossacks kuchokera Don ndi Volga, lotsogoledwa Mwala lamba. Anthu onsewa ankafuna nayonso m'mphepete ku mitsinje kum'mawa Siberia. Choncho, Russian wofufuza Erofey Khabarov anabwera 1628, chaka kwa Yenisei. Apa izo m'malo mofulumira katswiri m'deralo, iye anayamba olimapo ulimi chizolowezi, anayamba malonda. Ena nthawi Habarov Erofei anatumikira mu Yeniseysk. Anapanga ulendo wa Taimyr ndi Mangazeya, pamodzi ndi mchimwene wake Nikifor iye akhafuna bwerera banja lake, pansi Wamkulu Ustyug. Koma m'malo mwake, anabwerera ku Siberia. Iwo anapita ku gulu la Ustyug ndi Vologda alendo. Anthu kuzunzidwa ndi lamulo la mfumu ndi Dvinskikh akazi. Yotsirizira ankafuna kuti mkazi Lena ndi Yenisei musketeers. Khabarov Erofei sanali kukhala ulimi mu Siberia. Koma iye anali mwayi kwambiri ntchitoyi. Posakhalitsa anakhala wamalonda wolemera. Kamodzi anthu kumeneko kunali wolamulira chuma pa magombe a Lena mtsinje, iye anasonkhana kumuwombera analandira amapereka zofunikira kwa Zachuma ndi kupita ku malo atsopano.

m'ndende

M'zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri Khabarov Erofei akungoyendayenda pamodzi makhwawa a mtsinje. Apo iye anali nawo malonda ubweya. Mu TH 1639 anasiya pakamwa pa Kuta. Kuchokera pansi pa nyanja, ili kumeneko, nampanda makiyi yaing'ono mchere. Apa ndi bulu Habarov Erofei anafesa dziko, anamanga zitsime ndipo Varnita. Zambiri sayansi ya mchere anaphunzira zambiri kunyumba - mu Totma, Ustyug ndi mchere Vychegodskaya. Posakhalitsa anayamba malonda a mchere, chakudya ndi katundu wina. M'chaka cha 1641 Khabarov Erofei anasamukira ku pakamwa pa Kirenga. Apa iye anayambanso munda, amene mwamsanga kukodzedwa. Tsiku lina, anapereka kumuwombera Golovin 3 ths. matani tirigu. Komabe, kazembe, osati sanabwerere zimene anatenga, koma posakhalitsa anachotsa Yerofei buledi, mchere ntchito m'manja mosungiramo zopereka, ambiri Khabarova awaponye m'ndende. Tidziwenso ufulu wodziwa bizinesi anali wokhoza okha 1645-TH chaka. Komabe, zimene anachita Russian kafukufuku Erofey Pavlovich Habarov chinthu chakale.

Kukwera mu Dauria

Mu 1648, chaka m'malo Golovin anabwera Frantsbekov. Pa nthawi yomweyo unachitikira Poyarkova ulendo mu Dauria. Komabe, kukhudzana ndi anthu akuderalo sanali bwino. Khabarov anadziwa za izo. Komanso, atadziwa anthu osiyana makhalidwe, ndi chuma Dauria. Erofey Khabarov mwachidule zomwe amapeza Frantsbekovu. Iye akhali na chidikhiro kuti bwanamkubwa watsopanoyu musaphonye mwayi wolemera. Choncho kukaona Yerofei Khabarova mu Dauria. ndalama omwe iye analibe, koma apaulendo kale bwino akuluakulu a kasitomu kudziwika. Frantsbekov anatamanda boma akumeneko zida (a mfuti ochepa makamaka), ndi zida za nkhondo komanso zipangizo zaulimi. Kuyambira ndalama munthu akuluakulu (pa chidwi), ophunzira onse analandira kampeni ndalama. Kuonetsetsa kayendedwe ka mtsinje, ndinatenga Frantsbekov anapempha Yakut industrialists. Voivod watenga kwa iwo, ndi mkate lalikulu zedi mokwanira kupereka 70 wa Cossacks, omwe anasonkhana ku Habarov kumuwombera.

ndizi

Khabarov, pozindikira kuti oletsedwa ndi kulanda ndi kulanda akuluakulu kungachititse kuti chipwirikiti imeneyi mu nthawi yochepa anakhala kusonkhanitsa natuluka Yakutsk. Mu kugwa kwa 1649, chaka chipani wake akukwera mitsinje Lena ndi Olekma Tungiro kuti pakamwa. Pa chisanu ulendo anapanga amasiya. Mu January 1650 ndi detachment woyamba kupita tirigu ndi kunasuntha Tungiro kum'mwera. Kukhala chimathandiza pa Olemkinskom Stanovik masika amuna anafika Urki. Patapita kanthawi, lidzakhalamo kuno siteshoni ya sitima ndi kuthetsa (kuti dzina lake kwa Erofey Khabarov).

chitukuko cha dziko

Daur, kuphunzira za detachment anayandikira, mwamsanga kusiya midzi yake. Choncho habarovtsy adalowa bwino woyamba ndi mipanda yolimba kwambiri, koma ndi nthawi kuti kale mzinda kanthu Duke benchi. Apa Cossacks anaona lalikulu ndi yowala nyumba timbered. Panali mazana angapo. Mazenera lonse la nyumba munali pepala wothira mafuta. Aliyense wa iwo akhoza kukhala anthu 50 kapena kuposa. Panalinso bwino lokutidwa maenje lalikulu. Iwo anali m'matangadza tirigu. Chinthu lotsatira, Erofey Khabarov - Amur. Popita ndi detachment anapita ku mizinda chomwecho kanthu ndi m'midzi. Chifukwa, mu umodzi mwa midzi ya Cossacks ndapeza mkazi. Kunadzetsa Khabarov. Iye ananena kuti mbali ina ya mtsinje ndi dziko watanthauzo kwambiri ndipo kuposa Dauria. Zinali wolamulira wamphamvu, amene anali ndi asilikali ndi mfuti ndi zida zina. Dziko limene iye anati, anali Manchuria.

ntchito yatsopano

Mu "mudzi Levkavom" Khabarov kumanzere 50 Cossacks. Mu 1650-mamita ndi mapeto a May anabwerera Yakutsk. Monga mu msonkhano, Khabarovsk anali Dahuria zojambula. khadi iyi ndi nkhani ya ulendo wake zimauluka kwa Moscow. Malo zojambula wakhala njira imodzi kiyi ntchito polenga m'ma 17 Siberia makadi. Mu Yakutsk Khabarov iye analengeza chikuonetseratu kuti chipani, kulankhula kulikonse kwa chuma chochuluka Dauria pansi. Chifukwa, anakumana ndi anthu 110. Frantsbekov akuvutika iwo 27 "servitors" a anthu ndipo anapereka detachment ya mifuti atatu. Ndi kugwa kwa 1650-TH Khabarov anabwerera ku Amur lapansi.

yokopa mwamakani

wagawo wake, anapeza makoma a mpanda wolimba Albazin. Cossacks anayesa kukathyola izo. Daur, powona detachment latsopano, nathawa. Koma Russian mmwamba ndi iwo, analanda akaidi ambiri. Khabarov anapanga Albazin msasa wawo m'munsi. Pamenepo anaukira m'midzi daurskie pafupi, kutenga akaidi. Pakati Anagwiranso anali azimayi. Cossack awo analigawa pakati pawo.

flotilla

Mu June 1651 anayamba ulendowo uli mkati wa Amur. Nthawi yoyamba Cossacks ankangoona anasiya Inatenthanso okhala m'midzi yaing'ono. Komabe, patangotha masiku ochepa Khabarova flotilla anayandikira mzinda-mipanda yolimba kwambiri. Mkati mwa makoma ake chitetezo anakonza woyera-naped asilikali. Chifukwa Cannon kuwombera Cossacks anagonjetsa mzindawo. Pambuyo adani kwa milungu ingapo detachment anaima mu mzinda. Khabarov anatumiza amithenga mbali zonse kukopa kalonga Daurian mwaufulu kupita pansi pa ulamuliro wa Russian Tsar ndi kupereka msonkho. Koma akumeneko anali pa nkhani nthawi ya Manchuria. Daurian kalonga anaona sazindikira kupereka msonkho kwa kazembe wina. Flotilla Khabarova, nalanda akavalo, linaposa. Cossacks kachiwiri anakumana minda uncompressed ndi m'midzi. Malinga ndi magwero, mu August, basi pansipa mkamwa mwa a Zeya Mtsinje Russian detachment popanda kukana anatenga linga, azungulira mudzi pafupi kukhonda m'deralo kuzindikira nzika ya mfumu. Khabarov ankayembekezera kulandira msonkho waukulu, koma sadatha kubweretsa ochepa sables anagwidwa, kulonjezedwa kuti m'dzinja kulipira msonkho kwathunthu. Pakati Cossacks ndi Daur anakhazikitsa asapita mwakuwoneka mtendere. Komabe, patangotha masiku ochepa a m'deralo ndi mabanja awo m'ng'anjo kunyumba ndi kumanzere. Khabarov poyankha mpanda wolimba anatentha ndipo anapitiriza ulendo wake pansi Amur lapansi. Kuchokera m'kamwa mwa Bureya anayamba m'madera kumene kuli gogulyami. Zinali mofananira kuti anthu Manchus. midzi anabalalika ndi anthu am'deralo sakanakhoza kupereka kukana kuti Cossacks, amene anafika pa gombe, ndi achifwamba iwo. Iwo anali mwamsanga anagwira Pashennoye duchers, amene anawononga mbali ya kumuwombera kuti nawo ndawala Poyarkova. Khabarova anthu anali bwino zida ndipo anali ambiri.

Nanai kuthetsa

Pakutha September, anafika m'madera atsopano ndipo anaima pa kuthetsa lalikulu. Theka la Cossacks Khabarov anatumiza nsomba kulowera kumtunda. Nanai ndi duchers anatengerapo mwayi uwu, anaukira mbali ya kumuwombera lapansi. Komabe, anthu am'deralo anagonjetsedwa ndipo anataya anthu oposa mazana anaphedwa, iwo anabwerera. Khabarov, nayenso, kulimbitsa ndi kuthetsa anakhala kumeneko chifukwa yozizira. Kuyambira pamenepo Cossacks anaukira midzi m'dera ndi kusonkhanitsa msonkho. M'chaka cha 1652 anali anaukira ndi lalikulu (pafupifupi 1000 anthu) Manchurian detachment. Koma anthu a anagonjetsedwa. Khabarov ankadziwa kuti asilikali ake ambiri sangathe kugwila dziko lonse. Kamodzi thawed mtsinje, anasiya redoubt kupita kumtunda.

kumuwombera kugawanika

Mu June, pamwamba chabe mkamwa mwa mtsinje. Songhua Khabarov anakumana ndi Russian wothandiza detachment. Koma, ngakhale, iye anapitiriza abwerere, monga anamva kuti Manchus anasonkhana motsutsana naye 6000th asilikali. Kumayambiriro August, Khabarov anasiya pakamwa pa mtsinje. Zeya. Pali m'gulu "anthu ofunitsitsa" anapanduka anagwira zombo atatu anathamanga. Kuyendera ndi Amur, anatayira ndi kupha Nanai, daurov ndi duchers. Choncho iwo adakocheza ku dziko Gilyak ndi kuika m'ndende msonkho deta. Komabe Khabarov sakusowa Otsutsa. Mu September, iye anafika ndendeyi ndi zipolopolo iye. anthu opanduka analonjeza kuti adzipereke, ngati iwo akhala moyo, ndipo iwo Musachotse nyamazo. Khabarov anakwaniritsa chikhalidwe pang'ono chabe. Pa malamulo ake, oukira kukwapulidwa (ena ku imfa), ndi nyama, iye anasiya yekha.

yozizira yachiwiri

Khabarov ake anakhala Gilyak dziko. Ndi kasupe 1653rd anabwerera m'kamwa mwa Zeya, mu Dauria. M'nthawi ya chilimwe iye Cossack chinayandama mmwamba ndi pansi pamodzi yasak Amur anasonkhana. Lamanzere m'mbali mwa mtsinje wa pakati kanthu. Manchuria boma analamula anthu kuti asamukire ku kumanja. Russian Tsar pa nthawi anatumiza asilikali a anthu 3 sauzande, amene analamula Lobanov-Rostovsky. Komabe, pamaso retinue mfumu zinafika kazembe Zinoviev. Iye anabweretsa Khabarov komanso ophunzira ena mphoto kampeni. Pamodzi ndi Zinovev izi ataman kuchotsedwa malangizo zina. Pamene Khabarov anatsutsa kazembe adampanda ndi khutu ku Moscow. M'njiramo Zinoviev anatenga iye zonse zimene zinali.

Pambuyo pa msonkhano ndi mfumu

Alexis akhafuna kuona Khabarova. Iye anamupatsa iye phwando wabwino, Zinoviev analamulidwa kubwerera chuma chonse cha Ataman. Khabarov mfumu anapatsa udindo wa "mwana wa boyars lapansi." Mfumu anamuika kalaliki wa midzi pa dera la Lena Mtsinje Ilima. Komanso, Khabarov analandira midzi angapo kum'mawa Siberia. Koma mfumu, podziwa za nkhanza mtsogoleri mmodzi zamakolo, unkamuletsa kubwerera ku dziko chimanga chosakhwima. Mfumu anayamikira zopereka kwa dziko Kupititsa kuwonjezeka Habarov Erofey Pavlovich - anatsegula ndi katswiri munthu uyu kuchokera nthawi imeneyi ndi mbali ya boma. M'kupita kwa nthawi, malire yaikulu unakhazikitsidwa ku Far East. likulu lake utsogoleri amatchedwa Khabarovsk. Komanso, pamwamba zanenedwa za okwerera sitima yomwe ili ndi dzina la munthu amene. Kuyenera ananena kuti malo amenewa alipo lero. Komanso, dzina la mtsogoleri otchedwa ochepa m'midzi, misewu ya ku midzi ina ya dzikoli.

malo m'manda

Sizikudziwika. Monga amati, zaka wake wotsiriza Khabarov unachitikira Ayenela-Kirenga. Tsopano iwo akutchedwa mzinda wa Kirensk (Irkutsk dera.). Choncho, ambiri kumverera kuti malo a imfa mtsogoleri kumeneko. Koma malinga ndi zina, Khabarova manda anali mu ndende Bratsk (Bratsk, Irkutsk m'chigawo cha chomwecho.).

chipilala

Iwo anapereka ku Khabarovsk (likulu la dera) pa forecourt lapansi. Chosema, unatenga maziko chipilala lisanalengedwe Milchina. Chipilala Erofeyu Habarovu kukhazikika pa May 29 TH chisankho 1958 kulenga chipilala anatenga zaka zisanu pamaso pa chikumbutso 100th wa mzinda. Ntchito chosema anayamba mu 1950s. Ali wamng'ono ndipo anasonyeza pa Zonse-Union chionetsero cha Art. Pamene funso wa chipilala Khabarov, kuti chosema ichi ntchito ngati maziko. Koma zofanana, chinachake chokhudza izo sizingakhoze ayankhidwa. magwero alibe zithunzi zilizonse, mafotokozedwe kapena ngakhale Khabarova maonekedwe. Ntchito pa chipilala chinatenga mpaka February 1958 chaka. Pa nthawi imeneyo, tinayamba kuponyedwa amatha kuumba pulasitala wa zinthu payekha chipilala cha. akamaumba anamaliza m'ma March. zinthu anamaliza anatumizidwa ku Moscow (mu Mytishchi) kuti foundry luso. The chipilala limasonyeza Khabarova kukwera thanthwe. Kuyang'ana Amur anapatsidwa mu dzanja lake lamanzere iye wagwira mpukutu, ndi bwino kukhala pansi zovala, anazembera ku phewa lake. Patsogolo pa pedestal kumeneko ndi mawu akuti "Erofey Pavlovich Khabarov." Kutalika kwa kanjedza - 4.5 m, kutalika okwana ndi pedestal - 11,5. Kumangidwa kwa chipilala linapangidwa masiku 2 isanafike Century City.