Henry VII: chidwi mfundo, ana. Capella Henry VII ku Westminster Abbey

Iye amadziwika monga mmodzi wa kanjedza kwambiri kusiyana maganizo pa mbiri ya England, anayambitsa Tudor m'banja lachifumu cholimba. Zinali iye, Henry VII la, maphunziro ndi Mipikisano chaka nkhondo ya Maluwa (1455-1485). Iye wakhazikitsa dziko kwa zaka, miyezo ya zaka, zaka 24.

magwero

Henry VII Tudor, imatchedwanso Earl ya Richmond, anali ku mzere wautali wa magazi achifumu, amene Komabe, sanakhalepo ndi zonena ufumu chifukwa cha kuswa malamulo kholo ukwati Henry - Owen Tudor - ndi Ekaterinoy Valua (wamasiye wa Mfumu Henry V). Ife sitikhala kupita intricacies wa bloodlines achifumu, kupatula kunena kuti agogo ake anali tate wa John Richmond wa Gaunt Lancaster House.

The mwana anali olandiridwa ndi wapadera kwa amake, Margarity Bofort, wamasiye kwa miyezi 3 pamaso yobereka. Koma nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa kubadwa kwa mwana pa malamulo mayi anatumizidwa ku Wales, ndipo kenako mu Brittany. Brittany wamng'ono Earl anasamukira ku France. Choncho Margarita adampulumutsa York, amene anatsimikiza kuwononga olandira onse angathe mpando wachifumu Lancaster.

Njira mpandowachifumu

Njira wachifumu iye anali wolemera ndi bedi. Ambiri a Henry VII ngongole mayi ake. Zinali iye amene chinabweretsa atabwerera kwa asilikali mu 1483, iye wopalidwa ubwenzi kwa mlowammalo kuti mpando wachifumu, Elizabeth wa York.

Henry zazikulu kubwerera kunyumba zinali zodzaza ndi kupambana kwake pa Bosworth. Kuononga ankhondo a Richard III za kuweruza, Henry VII Korona yekha pa nkhondo korona, anatengedwa kuchokera wolamulira akufa! Kenako anayamba ulendo wake ku London mapazi ake atachita wotopa mzinda nkhondo. Latsopano mfumu anavomereza! Inali njira yabwino kunja kwa England, chifukwa wolamulira anatha gwiritsitsa mphamvu ndi kuteteza mwazi zina. Mu 1486 Henry VII kukwatira Elizabeth wa York ndi chimagwirizanitsa kubadwa kwawo anauka mu kudziwika duwa lofiira ndi woyera wa Tudors.

boma

Kamodzi mphamvu, Henry VII la, mfundo zosangalatsa zomwe anaphimba m'nkhani, akuyamba ulamuliro wake ndi centralization mphamvu, komanso zotsala za akumaliza zigawenga Yorkist kuti sikunali kovuta kwambiri. Mfumu zachokera zachifumu, chaka kuwapatsa ufulu kwambiri.

Mphamvu pa ndime naye ankanena mayi wake Margaret, koma iye sichikutsutsana ndi mwana, ndi mfumu, nawonso, mwa njira iliyonse kuyesa kukondweretsa mayi ake ndipo chikondi anali mosatsata kwa zaka zambiri. Marguerite analola kwambiri, ngakhale kuika pafupi ndi siginecha wake kalata R, amene ankatanthauza mutu wa mfumu.

kumenyana ndi adani

Kuyesa kupeza malo ake, Henry anali zidakali zofewa adani awo angathe. Choncho, ena iye anali naye, kuwalangiza posts kokha ngati ophika kapena makina ochapira mbewu zambiri woopsawo kundende, koma anaphedwa chimodzi chokha. Koma achiwembuwo analibe kulolera, ndiponso ngati munthu sanafune kuti agwiritse ntchito mwayi wachiwiri, izo ndithudi kunapezeka kuti aphedwe. Kuphedwa komanso penyani Genrih Tyudor sanali.

Zindapusa ndi misonkho

Koma kwambiri maganizo ndipo nthawi yomweyo njira zothandiza kwambiri kulimbana ndi boma cholimba oyamba ndalama yaikulu ndalama fictitious ndi misonkho. Pakuti ichi Henry VII Tudor otchedwa avaricious, ankhanza ndi womveka despot. Ena mwa ndalama zoyikidwa ndi izo zinali kuchitapo kanthu kale mumpanduko. Mfumuyo kwambiri amakonda kupereka awo aang'ono wolemera ntchito mwachionekere impracticable, kuti achire pambuyo pawo ndalama wokwera. Chifukwa cha kubwezeretsa chuma ndipo anali kuchita zidule ndi akuyendeni pansi ndi dipo, wolemera kubzala mu ndende, abale ankatanthauza kuti amalipiritsa, kodi atulutse andende osalakwa.

The nthabwala chomwecho ankasewera pa mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri, pamene kuti akaitane yamalamulo kugwira ndalama wozungulira maudani ku France. Ndipotu, France si iyambe kulimbana ndi Henry VII malipiro awiri pofuna kupewa nkhondo. Kupulumutsa fano la Mfumu ya England nachobe angapo nkhondo, kenako "wopambana" anabwerera ku London.

olowa

Koma tiyenera kumupatsa chifukwa wake: osati anapeza boma yaikulu, Henry anali analimbitsa korona, kusiya anzake chuma chonse ndiponso akuluakulu amadyetsedwa, amene sanafune kulanda Mfumu.

No olandira anasiya Henry VII Tudor? ana Ake - aamuna atatu ndi aakazi anayi. Ponena za olowa ayenera dzina ana ake atatu, Arthur ndi Henry. Arthur dzina lake polemekeza lodziwika bwino Arthur, kumene Genrih Tyudor mosalekeza anafunafuna (ndi sunakhazikike) mizu. Nthano analenga pafupifupi mfumu, ananena kuti ana akhanda Arthur ophatikizidwa mfumu yaikulu kuyambira kale, kutsitsimutsa mphamvu wakale England. Koma mwana anali ofooka. Iye anafa ali aang'ono, patangopita miyezi yochepa yofunika ukwati dynastic kuti Ekaterinoy Aragonskoy. Mkazi wamasiye wa m'bale wake, anakwatira mwana wachiwiri - Henry VIII.

Komanso ine nawo ana akazi anayi a Henry VII. Mary Tudor anakwatira mfumu ya France, Louis XII, Elizabeth kunapatsidwa kwa King James IV of Scotland ndi kuthamangitsa mfundo ovomereza-British kufikira imfa ya bambo ake. Iwo ankasewera yofunika kwambiri mu kukula kwa England. Abale ndi alongo ambiri pa nkhondo, ndipo pambuyo pa imfa ya bambo ake inawonongedwa inamangidwa Genrihom Tyudorom mtendere wosalimba.

Capella Henry VII ku Westminster Abbey

Pa imfa ya mfumu Ine ndinaganiza oyambirira ndi ngakhale mu 1503 anayamba kumanga, amene adakali chimayambitsa kunjenjemera mwa anthu a London ndipo amalemekezedwa alendo.

Capella Henry VII inali ku Westminster Abbey. Payokha ndi kukonzanso kwa Chapel a Henry III. kukonzanso ndi allocated ndalama openga! Koma zotsatira wolungama njira.

Chapel a Henry VII - chitsanzo cha mawonetseredwe apamwamba mochedwa English Gothic. nyumbayi zikuwoneka ngati zosavuta, kaso komanso lalikulu. Chapel anayatsa kuchokera mkati pogwiritsa ntchito terracotta ndi woyera nsangalabwi. Openwork dongosolo aipatsa bata wakumwamba ndi lightness. Kuchuluka kwa arches ndi anawasema ndi otchuka kwambiri padziko lonse pakhosi zosonyeza terracotta anamupanga iye mmodzi wa nyumba kwambiri anajambula.

M'tchalitchi pali otchedwa Area a akuyimba. Mwa anthu komweko Handel ndi Dickens, Oskar Uayld ndi ming'oma Blake.

Imfa ndi kukhazikika

Korol Genrih VII Tudor anamwalira zaka 10 isanathe kumanganso m'tchalitchi. Izo zinachitika mu 1509, anafa ndi TB, kuvutika mfumu zaka zingapo.

Ndi mu wake umenewu zomangamanga m'manda mfumu ndi anthu a m'banja la Henry VII. mkazi wake, ana, ngakhalenso olandira kutali Mfumukazi Elizabeti Tudor ndiponso odana Maria Stuart amagazi adapeza womaliza mpumulo malinga awa. manda awo ali chokongoletsedwa ndi ziboliboli yowawitsa ya manja Pietro Torridzhiano.

Phindu mu mbiriyakale

Umunthu Henry osokoneza ndendende chifukwa amanditenga maganizo a mbiri yakale. Monga wamphamvu, anadziwika monga nkhanza, koma anali kutchulidwa wabwino wandale, wokonzanso ndi zachuma. Kuzindikira loyamba la Tudor yosakaniza kudzikonda ndi kudzipereka kwa dziko, nkhanza mosavuta.

Izi zinali Henry VII - mfumu yaikulu ya England, chinali chiyambi cha munthu wa achepetse wamphamvu kwambiri nthawi zonse.