Nusu. Chulutsa tuzigawo twa wamba, decimal, wothira

anali mutu wa "Tizigawo" M'kupita kwa ophunzira pakati komanso sekondale. Komabe, lingaliro ili ndi okulira kwambiri kuposa umene unaperekedwa mu kuphunzira. Today mfundo tuzigawo twa si zachilendo, ndipo si aliyense amachita mawerengedwe a mawu ndi Mwachitsanzo, chulutsa ting'onoting'ono.

Kodi nusu?

Mbiri yakale, kuti manambala fractional anali chifukwa kufunika kuyeza. Monga mmene kumapeto, Nthawi zambiri zitsanzo pa tanthauzo la kutalika kwa gawo, ndi buku la amakona anayi parallelepiped, m'dera la rectangle lapansi.

Poyamba, ophunzira adziwane bwino ndi ganizo la m'mene angamangirirane. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kugawa vwende m'magulu 8, aliyense adzakhala ndi chimodzi-lachisanu ndi chitatu wa mavende. Pano pali mbali ina ya eyiti otchedwa lobes.

Share, wofanana ½ wa mtengo wotchedwa theka; ⅓ - chitatu; ¼ - kotala. Zolemba kupanga ^{_{5/8, 4/5, 2/4}} otchedwa tuzigawo twa wamba. tuzigawo twa Common kugawidwa ndi numerator ndi chimene chachititsa. Pakati pa iwo ndi nusu mzere, kapena slashes. Slashes angaonere mu mawonekedwe a mizere onse yopingasa ndi oblique. Pankhaniyi, izo zikusonyeza magawano chizindikiro.

The chimene chachititsa akuimira angati magawo chimodzimodzi nawo mtengo wachina; ndi numerator - chiwerengero chomwecho cha magawo amatengedwa. numerator walembedwa pa slash, ndi chimene chachititsa - pansi.

Njira yabwino kwambiri kusonyeza tuzigawo twa wamba agwirire mtengo. Ngati gawo unit mbali 4 ofanana, amasonyeza gawo lililonse kalata Latin, zotsatira zake zingakhale ndi bwino zooneka. Choncho, mfundo chimasonyeza chiwerengero wofanana ^_1/4 la utali wonse wa wagawo, ndipo mfundo B m'pamene ^_2/8 la gawo anapatsidwa.

mitundu tuzigawo twa

Tuzigawo twa sizachilendo, decimals komanso manambala losanganikirana. Komanso, kachigawo akhoza kugawidwa chabwino ndi choipa. Gawo ili ndi yabwino kwambiri kuti tuzigawo twa wamba.

Pansi kachigawo yoyenera kumvetsetsa manambala amene numerator ndi zosakwana chimene chachititsa lapansi. Choncho, zosayenera nusu - nambala imene kuposa numerator chimene chachititsa. Mtundu wachiwiri nthawi olembedwa monga mitundu losakanizika. Amenewa akuti ndi wapangidwa inteja ndi mbali fractional. Mwachitsanzo, 1½. 1 - gawo lonse, ½ - fractional. Komabe, ngati mukufuna kuchita mpheto aliyense wa mawu (magawano kapena chulutsa tuzigawo twa ndi kuchepetsa awo kapena kutembenuka), chiwerengero wosanganiza ikumasuliridwa tuzigawo twa zosayenera.

Yoyenera fractional akuti nthawi zonse n'komwe, ndi cholakwika - amkulira kapena wolingana 1.

Koma decimals, ndiye ndi mawu amenewa kumvetsetsa mbiri izo zikusonyeza chiwerengero chilichonse, chimene chachititsa la mawu akuti fractional zimene tingasonyezere amodzi ndi maziro ochepa. Ngati mpukutu zolondola, ndiye gawo lonse mu kalembedwe decimal ndi wofanana ndi ziro.

Kulemba nusu decimal, muyenera kulemba gawo lonse, kuwasiyanitsa ndi nusu ndi koma, ndiyeno kulemba mawu fractional. Kumbukirani kuti pambuyo mfundo numerator ayenera muli nambalayi a m'nkhaniyi digito monga ziro mu chimene chachititsa lapansi.

Chitsanzo. Pano kuwombera 7 ^_21/1000 mu kalembedwe decimal.

Translation aligorivimu tuzigawo twa oipa manambala wosanganiza ndi mosemphanitsa

Unalembedwa pofuna kuyankha tuzigawo twa zosayenera molakwa vuto, choncho ayenera kusinthidwa kuti chiwerengero losakanizika:

• kugawanitsa numerator ndi chimene chachititsa zilipo;
• mu chitsanzo zinazake tsankho quotient - wagawo;
• ndi zotsalira - ndi numerator a mbali fractional, ndi chimene chachititsa amakhalabe sichinasinthe.

Chitsanzo. Sinthani tuzigawo twa oipa manambala wosanganiza: ^_47/5.

Kusankha. 47: 5. quotient tsankho ndi wofanana 9, otsala = 2. Choncho, ^_47/5 = 9 ^_2/5.

Nthawi zina m'pofunika kuti atchule nambala wosanganiza ngati kachigawo zosayenera. Ndiye muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito aligorivimu zotsatirazi:

• ndi inteja gawo kuchulukitsa ndi chimene chachititsa la mawu akuti fractional;
• mankhwala chifukwa anawonjezera kuti numerator ya;
• chotsatira zinalembedwa numerator wa, chimene chachititsa amakhalabe sichinasinthe.

Chitsanzo. Akuimira chiwerengero mu mawonekedwe wosanganiza monga tuzigawo twa zosayenera 9 ^_8/10.

Kusankha. 9 x 10 + 8 = 90 + 8 = 98 - numerator.

Yankho: ^_98/10.

Chulutsa tuzigawo twa

Pa tuzigawo twa wamba angachichite zosiyanasiyana ntchito algebraic. Kuchulukitsa chiwerengero awiri, muyenera awonjezere numerator ndi numerator ndi chimene chachititsa ndi chimene chachititsa lapansi. Komanso, chulutsa tuzigawo twa ndi denominators osiyana Iwo sasiyana chochokera ku manambala fractional ndi denominators chomwecho.

Zimachitika kuti pambuyo kupeza zotsatira inu muyenera kuchepetsa kachigawo. Ndi kuvomerezedwa kuti wosalira mawu chifukwa. Ndithudi, sitingathe kunena kuti kachigawo chosayenera yankho - ndi kulakwitsa, komatu amatchanso yankho lolondola kovuta kwambiri.

Chitsanzo. Pezani mankhwala a tuzigawo twa awiri wamba: ½, ndi ^_20/18.

Monga Tingaone chitsanzo, pambuyo kupeza mankhwala a fractional anatembenuka kujambula cancellative. Ndipo numerator ndi chimene chachititsa mu nkhani iyi ndi divisible ndi 4, ndi chifukwa akutumikira ayankhe ^_5/9.

Chulutsa tuzigawo twa decimal

Zojambula decimals n'zosiyana kwambiri ndi ntchito wamba ndi mfundo zake. Choncho, chulutsa tuzigawo twa chiri motere:

• decimals ziwiri zinalembedwa pansi mzake, kotero kuti manambala rightmost anali pamwamba pa ena;
• muyenera kuchulukitsa chiwerengero cha opezeka ngakhale mipatuliro, mwachibadwa;
• awerenge chiwerengero cha manambala pambuyo chizindikiro mfundo decimal aliyense chiwerengero cha
• kuti atatha kuchulukana zotsatira muyenera kuwerenga lamanja monga anthu osiyanasiyana M'ndandanda ngati ali kuchuluka kwa kuchulukitsa onse pambuyo mfundo decimal, ndi kuika chizindikiro alekanitsa;
• ngati manambala mu mankhwala anali kupatula nthawi patsogolo pawo kulemba ziro ambiri kubisa ndalamazo, kuika koma ndi analembedwa ndi inteja gawo ndi ziro.

Chitsanzo. Kuwerengetsa mankhwala a decimals awiri: 2,25 ndi 3.6.

Kusankha.

Chulutsa tuzigawo twa wosanganiza

Kuwerengetsa mankhwala a tuzigawo twa awiri wosanganiza, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ulamuliro wa chulutsa tuzigawo twa:

• kusamutsa chiwerengero mu mawonekedwe wosanganiza mu kachigawo cholakwika;
• Pezani mankhwala a numerators ya;
• kupeza mankhwala a denominators ya;
• kulemba zotsatira analandira;
• wosalira mawu.

Chitsanzo. Pezani mankhwala a 4½ ndi 6 ^_2/5.

Yochulutsa zingapo ndi nusu la (kachigawo angapo)

Kuwonjezera kupeza mankhwala a tuzigawo twa awiri, manambala wosakaniza wakumana ntchito n'kofunika kutero kuchulukitsa ndi nambala zachilengedwe ku nusu a.

Choncho, kupeza ntchito ndi nusu decimal wa nambala zachilengedwe, muyenera:

• kulemba chiwerengero pansi kuwombera, kotero kuti manambala rightmost anali pamwamba pa ena;
• kupeza ntchito, ngakhale koma ndi;
• chifukwa analandira kwa nadzawasankhula inteja gawo ku decimal ndi koma ndi kuwerenga nambala lamanja la manambala pambuyo mfundo decimal lili kachigawo lapansi.

Kuti kuchulukitsa ndi chiwerengero cha kachigawo wamba, ndi numerator ayenera kupeza ntchito ndi chinthu chachilengedwe. Ngati yankho ndi cancellative nusu, ayenera kusinthidwa.

Chitsanzo. Kuwerengetsa tinachita ^_5/8 ndi 12.

Kusankha. _{^{12 = 5/8 (5}} * 12) / 8 = 60/8 = 30/4 = 15/2 = 7 1/2 _.

A: July ^_1/2.

Monga Tingaone chitsanzo yapita, kunali koyenera kuchepetsa zotsatira chifukwa ndi kusintha zosayenera fractional akuti chiwerengero losanganikirana.

Komanso, chulutsa ndi kupeza nkhawa tuzigawo twa mankhwala m'njira wosanganiza ndi chinthu chachilengedwe. Kuchulukitsa chiwerengero awiriwa ndi inteja mbali ya chinthu losakanizika kuchulukitsa ndi nambala ya numerator kuchulukitsa ndi phindu chimodzimodzi, ndi chimene chachititsa kumanzere sichinasinthe. Ngati chofunika, m'pofunika wosalira zambiri zotsatira.

Chitsanzo. Pezani mankhwala 9 ^_5/6 ndi 9.

Kusankha. 9 ^_5/6 × 9 = 9 + 9 × ^{(5 × _{9) / 6 = 81 + 45}} /6 = 81 + 7 3/6 = 88 1/2 _.

Yankho: 88 ^_1/2.

Chulutsa ndi kuchulukitsa 10, 100, 1000 kapena 0,1; 0.01; 0.001

A m'ndime kumabweretsa ulamuliro zotsatirazi. Pakuti kuchulukitsa decimals ndi 10, 100, 1000, 10000, ndi zina zotero. D. Ayenera kusuntha koma lamanja ndi anthu zizindikiro manambala monga ziro mu multiplier wagawo pambuyo.

Chitsanzo 1. Pezani mankhwala a 0.065 ndi 1,000.

Kusankha. 0.065 x 1000 = 0065 = 65.

Yankho: 65.

Chitsanzo 2. Pezani mankhwala a 3,9 1000.

Kusankha. 3,9 × 1000 = 3,900 × 1000 = 3900.

Yankho: 3900.

Ngati m'pofunika kuchulukitsa inteja zabwino, ndi 0,1; 0.01; 0,001; 0,0001 ndi zina zotero. E., Ayenera anasamukira ku anasiya koma mu mankhwala chifukwa mu ambiri zizindikiro manambala monga ziro ndi umodzi. Ngati ndi kotheka, pamaso pa nambala achilengedwe opezeka ziro wambiri chokwanira.

Chitsanzo 1. Pezani mankhwala a 56 0.01.

Kusankha. 56 × 0,01 = 0056 = 0,56.

Yankho: 0,56.

Chitsanzo 2. Pezani mankhwala a 4 ndi 0.001.

Kusankha. 4 × 0,001 = 0004 = 0,004.

Yankho: 0.004.

Choncho, kupeza mankhwala a tizigawo tosiyanasiyana ayenera kukhala m'mbali, koma kuti zotsatira mawerengedwe; Pankhaniyi popanda Chiwerengero basi kuchita.