Nikolay Tsvetkov: biography, chithunzi. Tsvetkov Nikolai Alexandrovich, mwini wa Uralsib

Nikolai Tsvetkov ndi wolemba bizinesi wotchuka wa ku Russia, mkulu wa Uralsib corporation, wa mabiliyoni. Zina mwa mazana a anthu amalonda olemera kwambiri ku Russia malinga ndi Forbes.

Zaka zoyambirira za Nicholas

Tsvetkov Nikolai Alexandrovich anabadwa m'banja losavuta pa May 12, 1960. Njira yopita patsogolo kwa wogulitsa malondayo imasiyana ndi nkhani za anthu ena opambana: Nikolai anagwira ntchito mwakhama ndikuphunzira kuti akwaniritse udindo wapamwamba. Iye ndi sayansi yeniyeni kuchokera kwa anthu wamba omwe amawononga zongopeka zomwe popanda ndalama sizitheka kutuluka mwa anthu. Zing'onozing'ono zimadziwika za moyo wake. Atsikana a Nikolai Tsvetkov ali kale achikulire, ali wokwatiwa ndipo sanathetse banja.

Nikolay anamaliza sukuluyi mu 1977 ndipo adalowa mu Sukulu ya Zida Zomangamanga za Tambov, zomwe anamaliza maphunziro ake. Kenaka analowa ku Zhukovsky Air Force Academy, kumene anapambana ndi kugonjetsa ndondomeko ya golidi. Pambuyo pake anapita kukatumikira ndipo patangopita zaka zingapo anakhala mtsogoleri wa tchalitchi. Nikolay adagwira ntchito monga mphunzitsi ndipo adapereka zaka ziwiri ku Moscow Institute of Radio Engineering, Electronics ndi Informatics. Mu 1996 adateteza chiphunzitso chake ndipo adalandira digiri ya malonda. Ndidziwitso, Nikolai Tsvetkov adaganiza zopita kuntchito.

Ntchito yoyambirira

Malo oyambirira a ntchito ya Nicholas anali kampani "Brokinvest", yomwe adayambitsa ndi bwenzi lake mu 1992. Pa nthawiyi amzanga analibe ndalama zawo, choncho ndalamazo zinkayenera kukhala m'nyumba ya mkazi wa Tsvetkov. Panthawi imeneyo adali adakali wophunzira, koma chaka chino chikhoza kuonedwa ngati chiyambi cha bwana wamalonda wabwino: Nikolai anakumana ndi Vagit Alekperov, pulezidenti wamakono wa Lukoil.

Adafuna kulenga kampani yoyamba ya mafuta yozungulira ku Russia ndipo adalenga Lukoil, yomwe panthawiyo inali pansi pa dziko. Koma Alekperov adachita zonse kuti apange bungwe lapadera ndikulemba anthu oganiza bwino omwe amadziwa bwino ntchitoyi. Ankafuna iwo omwe amamvetsa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zamalonda, zomwe sizinali ku Russia mu 1992.

Kulengedwa kwa "Nikoil"

Nikolai Tsvetkov anali wodziwa zambiri, anali wodziwa bwino ntchito komanso ankadziwa mmene ndalama zimagwirira ntchito. Alekperov anaitana Nicholas kuti amuthandize kugwira ntchito monga wothandizira ndalama. Patapita chaka, Tsvetkov adalenga kampani yake ya mafuta Nikoil. Ananena kuti dzina lake silinagwirizane ndi dzina lake: "Nikoil" inadziwika ngati kampani yopanga mafuta. Pambuyo pake, mafuta anasiya kubweretsa ndalama zambiri, ndipo kampaniyo inatchedwanso Nikolai Tsvetkov. Uralsib ankawoneka ngati dzina loyenerera. Pa nthawiyo, Nikolai anakhala bwana wamalonda pa mafakitale ofulumira kwambiri.

Ntchito za "Nikoil"

Mu 1992, Pulezidenti Boris Yeltsin anapereka lamulo lokhazikitsa makampani ophatikizana. Mafuta a ku Russia anakopa amalonda ochokera kunja, omwe adangobwera kumeneku. Anagula magawo a makampani popanda kuganizira za ngozi zomwe zingakhalepo. Makampani a ku Russia anali ndi mwayi wopeza ndalama, zomwe adazigwiritsa ntchito kuti apite patsogolo. Ntchito ya Tsvetkov inabweretsa phindu lokhazikika, ndipo wogulitsa bizinesi pamodzi ndi Lukoil anayesa kusokoneza gawo la mafuta. "Nikoil" adalandira makasitomala oposa khumi ndipo anayamba kulangiza makampani ena. Zaka zingapo, chiwerengero cha makasitomala chawonjezeka kufika 50.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka 90 anthu anabweretsa ndalama zawo ku ndalama kuti apindule mwamsanga. Alekperov adayambitsa thumba la ndalama "Lukoil", ntchito yomwe inapatsidwa ndi Tsvetkov, ndikukhulupirira kuti munthu yemwe ali ndi ndalama zambiri amatha kutaya ndalama. Wochita malonda akutsimikizira kuti akhoza kukhulupilika pamene adatha kupulumutsa kampaniyo kuchokera ku bankruptcy pambuyo pa kugwa kwa mapiramidi a ndalama. Nikolay anatha kusintha ndalama zomwe makasitomala adayika mu kampaniyo kukhala magawo, potero amalimbikitsa malo a Lukoil.

Panthawi imeneyo Tsvetkov anali wopambana, koma kenanso. Anakwaniritsa ndalama za anthu ena ndipo sanasinthe ntchito zake. Nikolay anamvetsetsa kuti amadziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito ndalama za makasitomala, ndipo anayamba kumangoyamba kumadera awa.

Kukula kwa chikoka

Nikolay Tsvetkov Anasankha kuchita ntchito yake ndipo mu 1996 amatsegula banki yaing'ono yamalonda "Rodina", yomwe imadzitcha "Nikoil". Pa maziko ake, bungwe la banki lachuma likulengedwa, lomwe limalangiza makampani atsopano. Pakatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 90 anadziwika ndi makampani ambiri omwe sakanatha kuchita popanda mabanki, kuphatikizapo inshuwalansi ndi kubwereketsa. Ndipo ngakhale kuti ogula makasitomala awo adakalibe ndalama zawo kubanki, chigogomezero chachikulu chinaperekedwa kwa amalonda ndi makampani awo.

Tsvetkov adadziwa kuti sikuti kungofuna ntchito zowonjezereka zikukulirakulira, pali kufunika kwa utumiki wabwino. Banki yake inali imodzi mwa oyamba kugwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi maiko akunja ndipo idathandizidwa ndi kampani yaikulu yowunikira a McKinsey & Company. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, bungwe la zachuma linali limodzi mwa oyamba kugwira ntchito m'misika ya kunja ndikutumikira amzake akunja, ndipo linatsogoleredwa ndi Nikolai Tsvetkov. Zithunzi zake zinagawidwa ngakhale kumadzulo. Mbiri yamalondayo inali yabwino, mphamvu yake pa malondayo inakula kwambiri.

Mabiliyoni oyambirira

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za 2000, Tsvetkov Nikolai Alexandrovich anali mmodzi mwa anthu amalonda kwambiri ku Russia, ndipo ankadziwikiranso kunja. Mndandanda wa kupambana kwake unali bungwe la Fitch, lomwe linapatsa kampaniyo "Nikoil" mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri wa ngongole pakati pa mabanki onse ku Russia.

Patapita chaka, Abramovich ndi Deripaska anagula magawo a Avtobank. Kwa iwo, chisankho ichi chinabweretsa mavuto, chifukwa mmodzi mwa omwe akugwira nawo ntchito akuwona kuti ufulu wawo waphwanyidwa. Tsvetkov anali kufunafuna njira zowonjezera bizinesi ndipo adaganiza kugula magawo a kampaniyo. Panali zambiri zomwe Nicholas anayenera kulipira $ 100 miliyoni. Komabe, bankiyo inakwaniritsa zoyembekezerapo: inapatsa Tsvetkov mwayi woyang'anira nthambi 110 m'madera ambiri a Russia. "Avtobank" inatumizira anthu okwana 400,000 omwe amagulitsa ndalama zawo ku Nicholas.

2002 anali opambana kwambiri kwa Tsvetkov. Vladimir Putin anasaina lamulo latsopano "Pa kayendetsedwe ka nthaka chifukwa chachuma." Chifukwa cha iye, Nikolai Tsvetkov adapeza mwayi wopanga bungwe la mafakitale, omwe amatchedwa "ZNAK". Anayamba ntchito yake ndi kupeza malo m'dziko la eni amalonda - dera la Krasnodar, ndipo kenako ku Istra, Dmitrov ndi madera ena a dera la Moscow. Zaka zosakwana zaka zitatu, ZNAK anakhala malo enieni kwambiri m'dera la Moscow.

Pofuna kulimbikitsa utsogoleri wa chuma chake, mu 2002 adapeza Company-Insurance Company, ndipo patatha chaka china polojekitiyi inaonekera, yotsogoleredwa ndi Nikolai Tsvetkov. "Uralsib" - imodzi mwa mabanki akuluakulu ku Russia, umalowa mu umwini wake. Mu 2004, mabizinesiyu adaikidwa mu mndandanda wa anthu olemera kwambiri padziko lonse, malinga ndi Forbes, chuma chake chinali pafupifupi madola 1.3 biliyoni.

Kugwa kwa banki Uralsib

Mu 2013, Bungwe Lalikulu linayamba kuyang'anitsitsa ndi kuchotsa mabanki ku mabanki achi Russia. Kwa zaka zingapo, magulu a mabanki akhala akugwedeza. N'zosadabwitsa kuti imodzi mwa mabungwe akuluakulu a zachuma Uralsib adaikidwa pamndandanda wa makampani omwe akuyenera kutsimikizira. Kwa nthawi yovuta Nikolai Tsvetkov yafika.

Akatswiri ambiri amavomereza kuti bizinesi ya bizinesi yafika pamapeto. Kuchokera mu February 2015, pali zabodza zokhudzana ndi kuthetsa chilolezocho, ndipo atatha kubwezera ma licence kuchokera ku mabanki ena akuluakulu, zotsirizazo ndizoyembekezeredwa.

Nicholas, komabe, sataya banki yake popanda kumenyana. Wabizinesiyo adagulitsa kugulitsa zinthu zomwe sizofunikira. Mwachitsanzo, mu August 2015 ZNAK inagulitsa gawo la mayiko ake kumadera a Moscow ku gulu la Ananyev abale "Promsvyazkapital". Ntchitoyi ikukhudzana ndi mahekitala 4,000 a malo, omwe adzagulitsidwe kwa ruble 3.7 biliyoni. Chiwerengero chofananachi chikuwonetsa vuto lopweteka kwa wogulitsa malonda, chifukwa pafupifupi theka la mtengo wogulitsa, mphekesera zinayamba kufalitsa kuti Nikolai Tsvetkov adachotsa Uralsib.

Kodi n'zotheka kupulumutsa Uralsib?

Malinga ndi akatswiri a zachuma, malonda a Tsvetkova ndi Ananiev akusonyeza vuto lalikulu la banki. Kuti mupulumutse Uralsib, mukufunikira ndalama zomwe Nikolai Tsvetkov alibe. Mbiri yake ndi yodzaza, koma tsopano panjira ndiye chovuta chachikulu choyamba.

Komabe, ndikuyenera kuzindikira kuti ndalamazo sizingakwanire. Malingana ndi malamulo omwe ali ndi Bungwe Lalikulu, mu 2015 likulu la banki liyenera kukhala mabiliketi 20 biliyoni. Ndalamayi ndi yofunika kuti ikhale ndi ndalama zomwe zili pa Uralsib. Poyerekeza, mu 2014 likulu la malonda anali mabungwe oposa 42 biliyoni.