Ndi zausilikali ndi ndani? Kodi?

Lingaliro "pacifism" lachokera ku Latin mawu pacificus (mtendere, mtendere nyumba). Oimira gulu limeneli amaletsa mikangano zosiyanasiyana za nkhondo, kutsutsa uliwonse wa kalasi kapena kulimbana andale. Iwo amakhulupirira kuti yogawanitsa iliyonse onse pa mlingo dziko komanso ndi anthu ayenera kuthetsedwa kudutsa zaphindu kukambirana.

ndi zausilikali ndi ndani? Aliyense nthumwi gulu limeneli ndi anthu, kulimbikitsa moyo wamtendere anthu. Koma pa chiyambi cha zaka mazana makumi awiri, pa kulimbikitsa yogwira maganizo a chikominisi kuti misa, pacifism anaweruzidwa mwa atsogoleri a zisinthe. Ndi mtima wake mtendere ndi mtima mwaufulu kwa anthu a kalasi iliyonse, monga lingaliro la chikominisi analimbikitsa kulimbana lankhondo la ogwira ntchito yolimbana ndi strata wachuma wa anthu (a bourgeoisie). Pambuyo kulanda mphamvu Russia chinaperekedwa pozunzidwa boma lililonse zausilikali. Kutanthauza - okhazikitsa mtendere - limeneli linachokera sanakhutire ndi dongosolo anakhazikitsa ndale.

Woyamba, amene anaonekera funso la amene ndi zausilikali, anali anthu a UK. Izo zinali mu dziko lino mu m'ma XIX, gululi anali ndipo unayamba kufalikira. Nthawi yomweyo anabwera bungwe zausilikali mu United States. Pomwepo adadza kufalitsidwa kwa mayiko a ku Ulaya.

M'zaka XX, olimbikitsa mobwerezabwereza imachitika zisudzo ndi maganizo kuti liletse mitundu yonse ya nkhondo, kupanga Kusiya wathunthu wa mphamvu nyukiliya. Mmalo mwake iwo akufuna kuti bungwe lonse chigamulo makhoti ndi thandizo lawo kuthetsa mikangano iliyonse pa mlingo State.

Lero, funso amene ali zausilikali, anthu ochepa kwambiri kumeneko. Chifukwa kulimbikitsa gulu kale anakhazikitsa lokha mu dziko. Odana ndi nkhondo zambiri kugwira misonkhano misa kuitana kuthana ndi mtendere nkhondo. Komanso atsogolere kutsutsana wosatha ndi andale, kuyesa kuonetsa mfundoyo.

Koma kuti achepetse kapena kwathunthu amapatula kuthekera kwa asilikali zikutanthauza kuti ndi kuthetsa mikangano ya ndale - vuto ndi yovuta kwambiri. Ambiri andale dziko mosinjirira akuyang'ana zausilikali ndipo saganizira iwo kaonedwe zanzeru pa moyo. Lang'anani, gululi silinakwaniritsidwe angakhale aliyense zotsatira kwambiri za ntchito yake.

Mu dera achipembedzo, nawonso, inu mukudziwa, amene ndi zausilikali. Ngati Akatolika ndi Akhristu Orthodox amavomereza mitundu ina ya nkhondo, monga chitetezero cha boma ku kuwukira Mwachitsanzo, Achiprotestanti mwamphamvu nkhondo. chipembedzo ichi amakana kugwiritsa ntchito zida mu vuto lililonse. Lililonse Protestant - ndi zausilikali. Mu US ambiri otukuka Chiprotestanti chipembedzo. Choncho pali pafupipafupi zausilikali malankhulidwe ndipo zitsanzo. Koma ambiri a iwo mu Europe. Mu CIS gululi ali otsatira ake, koma bwino anakamba, monga chogwidwa ndi Orthodox Christianity and Islam.

Koma funso pacifism mu chipembedzo - ankati zolinga zake yekha nthambi ya Chiprotestanti. Izi Ubatizo, Methodist, Anglicanism, Calvin ndi ena. Amasiyana ndi mnzake mu kutanthauzira kwawo zolembedwa International, njira ya kulambira, koma umabweretsa ndodo okwana - pacifism.