Ndi nyanja akuya mu dziko?

Kodi inu munayamba mwaganizapo za mfundo, komwe ndi nyanja akuya mu dziko? ndi makhalidwe ake chiyani? Amene amakhala kumeneko? No? Ndipo Ndikufuna?

Mayankho a mafunso onsewa ndipo mukhoza kupeza bwino zipangizo za nkhaniyi.

Gawo 1. Kodi nyanja?

Musanayambe amatiuza za nyanja akuya mu dziko, ife kupereka tanthauzo ndi maganizo kwambiri. Choncho, pansi pa nyanja zikutanthauza kuti gawo la nyanja dziko, wosiyana ndi dziko kapena m'madzi mtunda okwera.

Ambiri, tisaiwale kuti ku dziko nyanja nyanja nyengo, nyengo ndi hydrological ankhanza osiyana. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti iwo kawirikawiri ili m'mbali mwa nyanja, ndi chifukwa kuyankhulana zochepa ndi gawo lotsegula la malo madzi ndi chibadidwe iwo pang'onopang'ono madzi kuwombola.

Ndi tanthauzo la malowo buku limanena kuti pansi pa nyanja ayenera kudziwa kuchuluka yaikulu madzi mchere umene olumikizidwa kwa chipolopolo madzi a Dziko Lapansi, kapena Great Salt Lake, kwathunthu kutali ndi nyanja dzikoli ndipo alibe kubwereketsa.

Kwa wina ndi mzake kuchokera m'nyanja, ndithudi, iwo amasiyana nyama ndi zomera awo.

Gawo 2: Philippines Sea

Tsopano, mwinamwake, wophunzira aliyense akhoza dzina nyanja akuya mu dziko. Philippines ili, limene lili pakati pa zilumba za Pacific kumadzulo. Ndiyamika mafunde ofunda, madzi pano ali avareji kutentha ²⁵ ° C ndi amenewa malo ukufika 35,1%.

Kuya kwambiri analembedwa ndi Mariana ngalande , kapena otchedwa wa Mariana ngalande. Mwina aliyense kamodzi pa moyo wake anamva za mfundo iyi pa mapu. Ndi atsogoleri a mafilimu a kanema amakono kaŵirikaŵiri anthu mizukwa lake zobisika, nsomba zosowa, waphimbika mu zongoganiza ndi mikuluwiko.

Kuya kwa ngalande izi 11 022 m. Komabe, Chiwerengerochi ndi zoyerekeza. Akatswiri ena amalimbikira kuti kwenikweni zimakwana mwina kwambiri anthu si koma mwaukadaulo kukonzekera muyeso wa zigawo izi.

Pakali pano, nyanja akuya mu dziko zoposa zikwi zisanu ndi ziwiri zilumba kwabasi kwambiri ndi zomera olemera ndi zinyama.

Mwa ubwino wake Mukhoza kusankha wapadera Pangaskhanskie mathithi, nyanja, mapiri, m'mapanga ndi wolemera undersea dziko, kuperekedwa ndi anamgumi ng'ombe nyanja, akamba, nsombazo, anamgumiwa, stingrays yaikulu, eels ndi Japanese ena.

Gawo 3. Miyala Sea

Ngati ife kuyankhula ndi nyanja cha Kumwera kwa dziko lapansi, sikutheka osanenapo Miyala. Iwo lili kotentha ya Pacific Ocean ndi chimakwirira kudera la mamita lalikulu kuposa 5 miliyoni. Km. Ena maganizo wapezeka ndi asayansi kuya kwake kufika akuya 9000 m.

Mwachirengedwe, izo umachokera ku gombe la Australia, ku Solomon Islands, zilumba za ku New Guinea ndi New Hebrides, ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo ku Indian Ocean.

The madzi mu nyanja chaka chonse bwino kutenthetsa. The mwezi pafupifupi kutentha Mitandadza 20 ^Inu C kuti +28 ^Inu C.

Dzina la Nyanja Miyala si mwangozi. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madera matanthwe ndi miyala, zilumba zimenezi zili zilumba tizilombo ting'onoting'ono unayambira zamoyo, ndipo anapatsidwa dzina lake.

Mwa njira, musaiwale kuti mu gawo ili la nyanja dziko, pali yaikulu dongosolo matanthwe a dziko - Wamkulu Barrier Reef. Pakali pano, m'lifupi ndi pakati pa 60 ndi 80 kuchokera, ndipo akutambasula kufanana kwa gombe la Australia pa mtunda wa 30-60 kukafika ku gombe zoposa 2,000 Km. Akatswiri a sayansi amanena kuti si malire, chifukwa chaka chilichonse amakhala kokha m'madzi.

Kuwonjezera osiyanasiyana ngale, Nsombayi ndi nkhanu, ndi anthu oimira ambiri a dziko m'madzi: anemones nyanja, nyenyezi, ng'ombe, urchins nyanja, zouluka nsomba, nkhaka nyanja, chimphona akamba nyanja, ngale, chakupha mwala nsomba prilipialy nsomba pteroisy ndi ena.

Gawo 4: Tasman Sea

Pakati m'mphepete mwa chilumba cha New Zealand ndi Australia mu South Pacific, izo ili wina nyanja akuya mu dziko - Tasman.

Malo 3340 sq. Km ndi akufanana mawonekedwe a rhombus a. M'madera ena, akafika akuya manambala yaikulu 6,000 m. Ngakhale kovuta kulingalira kuti Umutu ndi mtunda umene uli kugonjetsa ndege, mwachitsanzo, Moscow ku Khabarovsk.

Nyengo mu madera osiyana a nyanja amasiyana kwambiri. Zachitikiranji zimenezi? Chinthu n'chakuti mwachirengedwe mu mabacteria osiyana nyengo.

Pamwamba pa madzi nyanja kumpoto umafunda mpaka +27 ^{° C,} kum'mwera - m'chilimwe basi +15 ^{° C} ndi yozizira akutsikira +9 ° ^C. Kuyenera kudziŵika kuti mtundu wa Tasman moyo nyanja ndi ofanana kwambiri mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Miyala.

Dziko m'madzi unapangidwa ngale, nsombazo, zilumba zimenezi zili, zinsomba umuna, zinsomba, wakupha zinsomba, nsomba, nsomba ya makerele ndi ambiri zamoyo zina za m'nyanja.

Gawo 5. Banda Sea

Kumadzulo, ndi Pacific Ocean ndi Banda Nyanja, Straits amene chikugwirizana ziwalo zina nyanja dziko.

Malo ndi 714 zikwi. ^Km2. Mfundo amaona kwambiri nyanja ndi kuya pazipita 7440 m, pamene pafupifupi 2737 m, mwachitsanzo pafupifupi mofanana nyanja kuya kutsuka Russia, - .. Bering.

Asayansi apeza kuti matendawa, 6 ndi Banda, kusiya mtunda pamwamba kuya kwa 4000 m. Iwo ali onse ranges tasiyana pamakomo.

Chinthu china chochititsa chidwi angatchedwe chakuti nyanja ili mu yogwira chiphala malo a ntchito, kotero lalikulu la chilumbachi ndi lochokera kwa chiphala.

Banda Nyanja ali nyama ndi zomera za olemera osiyanasiyana, naperekanso zosiyanasiyana nsomba zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, mitundu ndi mosiyanasiyana. zamoyo zam'madzi moyo makamaka mu zone ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja osaya.

Mwa oimira dziko m'madzi pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pansi ndipo m'madzi nsombazo, stingrays, stingray, eels moray, miyala yamtengo wapatali, nyenyezi Chimaona, anemones nyanja, njoka nyanja, urchins nyanja, nyenyezi ndi zina zotero.

Gawo 6. Caribbean

Mu kumadzulo, Ocean Atlantic pafupi equator ili Caribbean ndi zilumba zambiri, magombe mchenga, madzi bwino, kutentha, wolemera moyo m'madzi komanso malo kwabasi.

Ndi chodziwikiratu kuti munthu kuchokera apaulendo masiku kuzindikira kuti, ndikupita pano patchuthi, iwo onse ndi mwayi wokaona imodzi mwa nyanja kuya kwa dzikoli.

Nyanja avareji kutentha kwa madzi akhala pafupifupi zikutsatiridwa chaka lonse, kuyambira +23 ^Inu C kuti +28 ^Inu C.

Kuli mitundu pafupifupi 500 osiyana nsomba, lomwe ndi nsomba Goliyati, angelfish, Chingolopiyo nsomba, eels moray, mitundu yambiri kawirikawiri kwa nsombazo, anamgumiwa, zinsomba umuna, zinsomba.

Gawo 7. The Bering Nyanja - nyanja akuya mu Russia

Bering Nyanja - ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zachilengedwe zochititsa kwambiri biologically lokhalamo anthu ndi osiyanasiyana m'dzikoli.

Malowa ali pamtunda pakati Russia ndi Alaska, ndipo mpake amatchedwanso la "The kuya Arctic Sea."

Malo ndi za chikwi Km ^2.

Ambiri, nyanja wapangidwa ndi Arctic ndi madzi boma Arctic. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti ali wolemera kwambiri zamoyo wake wamoyo. Komabe, ndithudi, kwa anthu amene angakhale physiologically akukhala kutentha ngati otsika.

Akatswiri kuona kuti pali zinthu zonse kukhalapo kwa mitundu yoposa 450 ya nsomba, molluscs, nkhanu, anamgumi, ma dolphins walruses, zisindikizo, mikango nyanja, zimbalangondo, mitundu yoposa 200 ya mbalame ochokera ku mayiko onse ndi mitundu 26 ya nyama zam'madzi.

Bering Nyanja - mmodzi wa waukulu matupi theka-la- wa madzi, okha m'malire a mayiko awiriwa, amene ankaona kuti kutambasuka kumpoto kwa Pacific Ocean.