Nchifukwa chiyani kutenga za Bastille monga chiyambi cha ulimi mu France

zochitika yemwe anabweretsa ulimi mu France, kwakhudza njira ndale mu dziko. Imodzi ya mphindi kiyi kusintha ichi ndi kutenga za Bastille - mpanda wolimba ntchito ngati ndende ndale. Nchifukwa chiyani kutenga za Bastille monga chiyambi cha ulimi mu France? Kuti tiyankhe funso limeneli ndi kuganizira zinthu ndale 1789 wonse.

prerequisites

The yaitali motero mavuto azachuma anayamba nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Louis XIV. Chimayambitsa ichi makamaka dongosolo la ndale la France - absolutism. dongosolo ang'onoang'ono kukhala kosatheka kuti chitukuko cha malonda, ulimi, makampani. The bourgeoisie analipira msonkho wokwera boma, lomwe si nkhawa kapena chilengedwe cha malamulo kusintha chuma, kapena kupatsidwa ufulu ndale. Pa kusiya bwalo zili ndi kuchuluka wokwera, losauka chuma, ngongole anthu wafika kufanana ndi kale lonse. M'malo zonse chuma, akuluakulu agwiritsa ntchito misonkho atsopano wokwera, yemwe ankapita yakusatetezeka pa mapewa a bourgeoisie wamng'ono. Nthawiyi, industrialists ndi zachuma analibe ufulu ndale, ndi chokhoza kusonkhezera zinthu onse, kotero koposa anakwiya ndi anthu olemekezeka amene anali kungofuna awo athanzi. Imodzi mwa mayankho ku funso "chifukwa itachita wa Bastille monga chiyambi cha ulimi" ndi amene ndi ndende imeneyi ndi malo olemekezeka m'ndende amene kudana ndi anthu wamba.

ndi States-General

chisokonezeko Economic ndi yaikulu ngongole anthu amakakamizidwa Louis XVI kubwerera ku mphamvu ya Minister wakale Finance, yolimbikira kutsatira za kukonzanso chuma, Necker. Komanso anaganiza kuti asonkhane ku States-General, zomwe zinakonzedwa pawiri chiwerengero cha mipando oimira wa Malo Chachitatu. oimira bourgeois kutsogoleredwa ndi Werengerani Mirabeau ndi Abbe Sieyes. Pambuyo kusagwirizana ambiri oimira Malo Chachitatu yokha anadzatchedwa Assembly National lapansi. Zoyesayesa za mfumu kulengeza chigamulo null ndi opanda analibe bwino. Louis XVI anakakamizika kulengeza zoti National Assembly, umene posachedwapa analengeza cholinga chake chatsopano - chilengedwe cha watsopano andale ndi chitukuko ya malamulo.

Chiyambi cha kugalukira ndi

Pa nthawi imeneyo, Paris anali Povunduka. Anaperekedwa timapepala ta, anali kulankhula zambiri, panali zipani zosiyanasiyana. Nthawiyi, chotheka pofuna kusangalatsa anthu, mfumu chimakakamiza asilikali Paris. Pa July 12, Mfumu Order Necker anachotsedwa ku ukapolo kunja France. Uthenga wa chimenechi chinali chiyambi cha kugalukira ndi. M'mawa wa July 13 kunja kwa mzinda wa Paris zinkamveka tocsin. Ogulitsa Small ndi osema, atolankhani, antchito, akazi ndi amuna achikulire anali zida kuti misewu. Masana, anthu okhala m'tauni analanda nkhokwe.

Bastille

1789. Bastille sali yemweyo monga kale. M'malo otchuka lopambana, whiled kutali kuno zaka m'ndende, m'ndende anakhala malo m'ndende zigawenga wamba. The zili zoterezi linga wautali kwambiri ndi odula kwambiri, ndipo Necker kale akufuna kupasula ndende, ndi dziko lomwe wayima, kugulitsa chuma. The chododometsa kwagona kuti Tsiku Bastille ku France sakanakhoza kukhala mkulu holide, anayenera Necker anamvetsera patsogolo.

Akale mfuti Nyumbayi kufalitsidwa kwa mzinda Saint-Antoine, komwe anakumbatirana osauka okhala m'mizindayo. Zimenezi makamaka anakwiya nzika Tsiku Bastille. Tsiku June 14, 1789 linali tsiku lomaliza kuli m'ndende lolemera. Ataphunzira kuti linga kuotcha asilikali a boma, Kamil Demulen akulimbikitsidwa kutenga ndi chimvula m'ndende. Khamu chinapululutsa kumuwombera zokometsera ndi kuthyola mu chipata. Commandant kuphedwa, ndi Bastille anagwa. mfumu anakakamizika kubweza Necker pakati asilikali.

Ena Patapita nthawi, ndipo makoma a mpanda wolimba wakale anawonongedwa. Pa malo achitetezo akale anapanga bwinja lokhalokha, amene anayika chizindikiro kuti: ". Malo yovina"

anapezazo

Nchifukwa chiyani kutenga za Bastille monga chiyambi cha zisinthe? Kuchokera pamwamba tingapeze mfundo zotsatirazi:

- The Bastille anali kugwirizana ndi anthu apamwamba, lachifumu ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo anali chizindikiro cha kuponderezedwa, m'ndende. Kugwa kwa mpanda wolimba ndi chizindikiro cha chiwonongeko cha boma lakale.

- Pambuyo kugwa kwa Bastille, ndi mfumu ya kusiya kwa nthawi yoyamba mu mbiri ya kumvetsera maganizo a anthu yake.

July 14, 1789 Mfumu anabwerera apamwamba anagwa, anthu akhala luso lawo kulimbana ndi boma lenileni - ichi ndi chifukwa chake ndi kutenga za Bastille monga chiyambi cha zisinthe. mwayi pa anthu zokhazikika ndi kusintha moyo m'dziko lawo anali nzika, ndipo anagwiritsira ntchito mwayi umenewu.

Tsiku Bastille ku France amaona holideyo dziko. Izi ufulu holide, ufulu ndi mgwirizano national anthu onse a dzikoli.